【新唐人2014年12月20日讯】“联合国新闻”网站报导，第69届联合国大会在12月18号通过决议，决定将朝鲜人权问题调查委员会的报告提交安理会，并鼓励安理会考虑将朝鲜人权问题提交国际刑事法院，以对构成危害人类罪行为的最高责任人实施制裁。
18号上午联合国大会的全体会议，以116票赞成、20票反对、53票弃权的结果通过了有关朝鲜人权问题的决议草案。
决议谴责朝鲜境内存在严重人权状况、而且侵犯人权行为不受追究。决议决定将朝鲜人权问题调查委员会的报告提交安理会，并鼓励安理会考虑将朝鲜人权问题提交国际刑事法院，以及考虑对可能构成危害人类罪行为的最高责任人实施定向制裁。
联合国安理会预计下周一将讨论联大这一决议，不过外界预计，到时候很可能会遭遇中共和俄罗斯的强烈反对。
目前俄罗斯由于并吞克里米亚，正遭到西方制裁，近期卢布狂跌，国内又出现抢购恐慌，但美国纽约城市大学政治学教授夏明分析，普京仍然会在朝鲜问题上“作梗”。
美国纽约城市大学政治学教授夏明：“对于普京来说，在目前的情况下，他一定不会跟西方妥协，一定要跟西方处处作对。那么如果再有西方制裁还在那儿，再有俄罗斯普京现在经历的各种国内的经济危机，那么我相信蒲亭一定会利用这个事情跟西方作对的。”
夏明教授认为，中共几乎也肯定会投下反对票。
夏明：“中国现在在国内也遇到了很多麻烦和问题。实际上在国内，也在拚命的收紧对国内的各种控制。在这种情况下，它当然会转移国内的矛盾。会把北朝鲜这种事情，作为‘干预他国内政’，或者西方国家对人权问题‘指手划脚’，作为一个事情把它给担出来。所以中国的阻挠也一定是肯定的。”
在上个月18号，联合国大会第三委员会以111票赞成、19票反对、55票弃权的结果，同意将这份草案提交联大全体会议正式通过。当时中国、俄罗斯、古巴等国家就已经投下反对票。
中国问题独立评论员李善鉴表示，现在共产主义国家已经所剩不多，因此朝鲜对于仍然是极权的中共，和近期民主状况倒退的俄罗斯，还有一些用处。
中国问题独立评论员李善鉴：“从这个角度讲，朝鲜是可以被认为陪着中国，陪着俄国的很重要的一个小伙伴。尽管它自己本身经济实力、政治实力很有限，但是它可以去出面做一些很不讲理，不可理喻的流氓的事情。”
关于朝鲜人权状况的报告，是今年2月，由联合国朝鲜人权状况调查委员会发布的。这份长达400页的调查报告说，朝鲜政府在“国家最高层”的决策下，犯下了当今世界上最残暴的反人类罪。朝鲜政府有系统地对人民进行政治和宗教迫害，包括人口灭绝、谋杀、奴役、酷刑、劳改、强制堕胎和制造饥饿等等。
之后欧盟发起了这份朝鲜人权决议案草案，共有60个国家共同参与提案，堪称史上规模最大。草案中，要求将金正恩等触犯反人类罪的朝鲜相关人员推上国际刑事法院（ICC）接受审判的部分，尤其使朝鲜和其他共产国家不安。
李善鉴：“特别是对中国来讲，中国的领导人，他涉及的对人权的侵害，不一定比朝鲜的现任和前任领导人差。那如果联合国对朝鲜做一个什么决定，很可能对于中国本身，那些触犯了、侵害了中国人权的领导人就是一个先例，那他自己也会很害怕。”
而联合国朝鲜人权状况特别报告员马祖基•达鲁斯曼（Marzuki Darusman）上个月在访问韩国时表示：“实现问责制最为重要”。他认为，应该确保对那些为严重侵犯人权现象负责者进行追责，同时提供技术援助，以改善朝鲜人民的生活状况。
采访/朱智善 编辑/尚燕
United Nations Refers North Korean Crimes against Humanity to International Criminal Court
According to United Nations News, an adoption
of a resolution was passed on Dec. 18 which refers
a UN report on human rights in North Korea
to the Security Council.
The Assembly encouraged Council members to take
appropriate action to ensure accountability,
including thorough consideration of referral of the situation
to the International Criminal Court (ICC).
The non-binding resolution was adopted by a vote
of 116 to 20 with 52 abstentions in the 193-nation assembly
on the morning of the 18th.
The resolution condemned ongoing systematic, widespread
and gross violations of human rights in North Korea.
The UN General Assembly would transmit a UN-backed
report probing such violations to the Security Council,
and encouraged Council members to take appropriate action
to ensure accountability, including through consideration
of referral of the situation to the ICC and of targeted
sanctions against those appearing most responsible
for crimes against humanity.
The UN Security Council is expected to discuss
the resolution next Monday.
However, opposition from China and Russia
is widely expected.
Russia is now faced with sanctions as a result
of the annexation of Crimea, along with the plunged ruble
and panic of buying domestically, Professor Xia Ming believes
Putin is very likely to obstruct the move against North Korea.
Political science professor at the City University of New York
Xia Ming: “I don’t think Putin will compromise
under the current situation.
Putin will manipulate this opportunity to work against
the West due to the sanction and the various domestic
economic crises."
Professor Xia Ming believes that China will also veto.
Xia Ming: “China is also encountering with many troubles
and issues. In fact, it’s tightening the control within the state.
Of course, it will transfer domestic conflict onto North Korea
and refer to it as an ‘interference in foreign internal affairs’
or as the West ‘pointing fingers’ at the human rights issue.
Obstruction from China is certain."
A first vote in a General Assembly committee on Nov. 18
had garnered the support of 111 countries, with 19 against
and 55 abstentions.
China, Russia and Cuba had already voted against it then.
Independent commentator Li Shanjian analyzes that
with the few communist countries remaining in the world,
North Korea has certain usage to the totalitarian Communist
China and the democratic setback Russia.
Li Shanjian: “From this perspective, North Korea
is considered an important partner to China and Russia.
In spite of its very limited strength in economy and politics,
it is useful in terms of creating unreasonable
and rogue chaos."
The 400-page report was released in February by the
UN Commission of Inquiry on human rights in North Korea.
It documents in great detail North Korea’s “human rights
abuses without parallel in the contemporary world."
It entails persecution on political and religious grounds,
extermination, murder, enslavement, torture, imprisonment,
forced abortions and the inhumane act of knowingly
causing prolonged starvation.
The UN resolution was drafted by the European Union
and sponsored by 60 countries.
It calls for bringing North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un
and other relevant personnel to international justice
for their crimes against humanity.
It has caused North Korea and other communist
countries uneasiness.
Li Shanjian: “Especially China’s leaders, whose human
rights violations aren’t necessarily less than those
in North Korea.
The UN decision on North Korea could set an example
or those Chinese leaders who have violated human rights.
It is frightening to them too."
The United Nations’ special rapporteur handling North Korea,
Marzuki Darusman, wrote in his trip to South Korea,
“ensuring accountability of those responsible for serious
human rights violations,"
He also believed that “providing technical assistance to help
make a difference in the lives of the people of North Korea."
Interview/zhuzhisan Edit/sangyan
