【新唐人2014年12月20日訊】「聯合國新聞」網站報導，第69屆聯合國大會在12月18號通過決議，決定將朝鮮人權問題調查委員會的報告提交安理會，並鼓勵安理會考慮將朝鮮人權問題提交國際刑事法院，以對構成危害人類罪行為的最高責任人實施制裁。
18號上午聯合國大會的全體會議，以116票贊成、20票反對、53票棄權的結果通過了有關朝鮮人權問題的決議草案。
決議譴責朝鮮境內存在嚴重人權狀況、而且侵犯人權行為不受追究。決議決定將朝鮮人權問題調查委員會的報告提交安理會，並鼓勵安理會考慮將朝鮮人權問題提交國際刑事法院，以及考慮對可能構成危害人類罪行為的最高責任人實施定向制裁。
聯合國安理會預計下週一將討論聯大這一決議，不過外界預計，到時候很可能會遭遇中共和俄羅斯的強烈反對。
目前俄羅斯由於併吞克里米亞，正遭到西方制裁，近期盧布狂跌，國內又出現搶購恐慌，但美國紐約城市大學政治學教授夏明分析，普京仍然會在朝鮮問題上「作梗」。
美國紐約城市大學政治學教授夏明：「對於普京來說，在目前的情況下，他一定不會跟西方妥協，一定要跟西方處處作對。那麼如果再有西方制裁還在那兒，再有俄羅斯普京現在經歷的各種國內的經濟危機，那麼我相信蒲亭一定會利用這個事情跟西方作對的。」
夏明教授認為，中共幾乎也肯定會投下反對票。
夏明：「中國現在在國內也遇到了很多麻煩和問題。實際上在國內，也在拚命的收緊對國內的各種控制。在這種情況下，它當然會轉移國內的矛盾。會把北朝鮮這種事情，作為『干預他國內政』，或者西方國家對人權問題『指手劃腳』，作為一個事情把它給擔出來。所以中國的阻撓也一定是肯定的。」
在上個月18號，聯合國大會第三委員會以111票贊成、19票反對、55票棄權的結果，同意將這份草案提交聯大全體會議正式通過。當時中國、俄羅斯、古巴等國家就已經投下反對票。
中國問題獨立評論員李善鑒表示，現在共產主義國家已經所剩不多，因此朝鮮對於仍然是極權的中共，和近期民主狀況倒退的俄羅斯，還有一些用處。
中國問題獨立評論員李善鑒：「從這個角度講，朝鮮是可以被認為陪著中國，陪著俄國的很重要的一個小夥伴。儘管它自己本身經濟實力、政治實力很有限，但是它可以去出面做一些很不講理，不可理喻的流氓的事情。」
關於朝鮮人權狀況的報告，是今年2月，由聯合國朝鮮人權狀況調查委員會發佈的。這份長達400頁的調查報告說，朝鮮政府在「國家最高層」的決策下，犯下了當今世界上最殘暴的反人類罪。朝鮮政府有系統地對人民進行政治和宗教迫害，包括人口滅絕、謀殺、奴役、酷刑、勞改、強制墮胎和製造飢餓等等。
之後歐盟發起了這份朝鮮人權決議案草案，共有60個國家共同參與提案，堪稱史上規模最大。草案中，要求將金正恩等觸犯反人類罪的朝鮮相關人員推上國際刑事法院（ICC）接受審判的部分，尤其使朝鮮和其他共產國家不安。
李善鑒：「特別是對中國來講，中國的領導人，他涉及的對人權的侵害，不一定比朝鮮的現任和前任領導人差。那如果聯合國對朝鮮做一個甚麼決定，很可能對於中國本身，那些觸犯了、侵害了中國人權的領導人就是一個先例，那他自己也會很害怕。」
而聯合國朝鮮人權狀況特別報告員馬祖基•達魯斯曼（Marzuki Darusman）上個月在訪問韓國時表示：「實現問責制最為重要」。他認為，應該確保對那些為嚴重侵犯人權現象負責者進行追責，同時提供技術援助，以改善朝鮮人民的生活狀況。
採訪/朱智善 編輯/尚燕
United Nations Refers North Korean Crimes against Humanity to International Criminal Court
According to United Nations News, an adoption
of a resolution was passed on Dec. 18 which refers
a UN report on human rights in North Korea
to the Security Council.
The Assembly encouraged Council members to take
appropriate action to ensure accountability,
including thorough consideration of referral of the situation
to the International Criminal Court (ICC).
The non-binding resolution was adopted by a vote
of 116 to 20 with 52 abstentions in the 193-nation assembly
on the morning of the 18th.
The resolution condemned ongoing systematic, widespread
and gross violations of human rights in North Korea.
The UN General Assembly would transmit a UN-backed
report probing such violations to the Security Council,
and encouraged Council members to take appropriate action
to ensure accountability, including through consideration
of referral of the situation to the ICC and of targeted
sanctions against those appearing most responsible
for crimes against humanity.
The UN Security Council is expected to discuss
the resolution next Monday.
However, opposition from China and Russia
is widely expected.
Russia is now faced with sanctions as a result
of the annexation of Crimea, along with the plunged ruble
and panic of buying domestically, Professor Xia Ming believes
Putin is very likely to obstruct the move against North Korea.
Political science professor at the City University of New York
Xia Ming: “I don’t think Putin will compromise
under the current situation.
Putin will manipulate this opportunity to work against
the West due to the sanction and the various domestic
economic crises."
Professor Xia Ming believes that China will also veto.
Xia Ming: “China is also encountering with many troubles
and issues. In fact, it’s tightening the control within the state.
Of course, it will transfer domestic conflict onto North Korea
and refer to it as an ‘interference in foreign internal affairs’
or as the West ‘pointing fingers’ at the human rights issue.
Obstruction from China is certain."
A first vote in a General Assembly committee on Nov. 18
had garnered the support of 111 countries, with 19 against
and 55 abstentions.
China, Russia and Cuba had already voted against it then.
Independent commentator Li Shanjian analyzes that
with the few communist countries remaining in the world,
North Korea has certain usage to the totalitarian Communist
China and the democratic setback Russia.
Li Shanjian: “From this perspective, North Korea
is considered an important partner to China and Russia.
In spite of its very limited strength in economy and politics,
it is useful in terms of creating unreasonable
and rogue chaos."
The 400-page report was released in February by the
UN Commission of Inquiry on human rights in North Korea.
It documents in great detail North Korea’s “human rights
abuses without parallel in the contemporary world."
It entails persecution on political and religious grounds,
extermination, murder, enslavement, torture, imprisonment,
forced abortions and the inhumane act of knowingly
causing prolonged starvation.
The UN resolution was drafted by the European Union
and sponsored by 60 countries.
It calls for bringing North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un
and other relevant personnel to international justice
for their crimes against humanity.
It has caused North Korea and other communist
countries uneasiness.
Li Shanjian: “Especially China’s leaders, whose human
rights violations aren’t necessarily less than those
in North Korea.
The UN decision on North Korea could set an example
or those Chinese leaders who have violated human rights.
It is frightening to them too."
The United Nations’ special rapporteur handling North Korea,
Marzuki Darusman, wrote in his trip to South Korea,
“ensuring accountability of those responsible for serious
human rights violations,"
He also believed that “providing technical assistance to help
make a difference in the lives of the people of North Korea."
Interview/zhuzhisan Edit/sangyan
