【新唐人2013年05月21日讯】中国大陆在今年7月即将毕业的近700万大学生中，多数人还没有找到工作。
官方媒体表示，现在的应届毕业生就业率低于以往。中共新领导层对中国经济放缓、失业率上升，也表现出忧虑。总理李克强警告，在解决高校毕业生的就业方面，中国面临空前挑战，“如果这个人群中的大批人心怀不满，他们可能会对中共的统治构成威胁。”
中国教育部的数据显示，2013年全国普通高校毕业生规模达到699万人，比2012年增加19万人，刷新记录。官方媒体报导，今年高校毕业生约占新进人力资源市场劳动力的一半，再加上还没有就业的21万2012届毕业生，就业压力前所未有。
截止今年4月底，拥有众多名校的一线城市—-上海以及广东，毕业生的签约率大多低于30％，比往年要低10个百分点。其中名校云集的北京市只有28％应届毕业生找到工作。另外，据介绍，目前高校研究生招生一般实行差额复试制度，5月研究生录取结果公布后，将有近20%的考研复试生落榜，未来就业市场竞争激烈。
山东大学退休教授孙文广表示，造成高校毕业生就业难的情况，与中国的教学体制有关。他指出，学校为了利益，根本不考虑社会的需要，每年都在“扩招”。
山东大学退休教授孙文广：“多了以后可以收学费，可以增加学校的收入，可以发奖金。这样拚命的尽可能的多招，扩建校舍、扩建学生的宿舍等，这样就把教育产业化了。”
山东济南大学陈老师：“它这个扩招的比例比较大，学生毕业也多了，再一个，一些编制，现在国家制定的政策是延缓退休，这一块对他们压力也比较大。”
孙文广指出，中国现在的市场产出过剩，有很多企业面临倒闭，这也是就业难的其中一个原因。
孙文广：“现在经济增速下降，一年、两年解决不了。”
大陆《经济参考报》报导，今年又逢宏观经济低于预期增长，和计划招聘岗位数的下降，据2月初对近500家用人单位的统计，今年计划招聘岗位数同比平均降幅接近15%，前来找工作的应届毕业生纷纷感叹“压力山大”。
华南师范大学曾同学：“去年找到的就相对会难一点，今年4、5月份那些就不是太好。去年一般那些大型企业都会在去年那时候招，今年最后都是中小企业，待遇福利就不是特别高。可能有些人就是确实也比较难找，就没有说一定对工作要求标准可能会降低。”
“华南师范大学”这名曾姓同学透露，有些毕业生由于专业脱节，只好重新去学。
曾同学：“有些专业确实脱节了，我们学校会计、人力是那些比较需求，找得都比较对口的，工作也稍微容易找到一点，像电子商务、资讯管理这些就相对难一点。不一定对口，很多时候都要重新来学的，大部分知识都重新学起。”
中共新领导层对中国经济放缓、失业率上升，也表现出担忧。上周二，国家主席习近平出人意料的走访了“天津市人力资源发展促进中心”，与现场的招聘人员和应聘大学生进行了交谈。另外，国务院总理李克强在上周一举行的国务院电视电话会议上警告，在解决创记录数量的高校毕业生就业方面，中国面临一个空前的挑战。
孙文广：“有的大学生毕业以后找不到工作，他可能想到社会体制的问题，现在国家不尊重人权，官员腐败，他们就有可能汇聚成一股力量，要推动社会的变革。”
在中国现代历史上，心怀不满的学生多次发挥了强大作用，包括1919年的社会运动、和1966年至1976年的文化大革命，以及1989年天安门广场抗议等。
采访/朱智善 编辑/唐睿 后制/王明宇
Seven Million University Students Find It
Difficult To Get A Job
7 million university students will graduate in July in
Mainland China, but the majority haven’t allocated a job yet.
Chinese media said that the students’ employment rate is
lower than previous years.
The new leaders also worried about the slowdown of the
economy and rising unemployment.
Premier Li Keqiang warns that China faces unprecedented
challenges in addressing the employment of graduated students.
“If the majority of the students are disgruntled, this might be
a threat to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)”.
There are about seven million students graduating
from universities in 2013.
This is 0.19 million students more than 2012,
which breaks the history record.
Official media reported that this year’s graduated university
students will take 50% of the new human resources market.
There were 1/4 million graduated but have no jobs in 2012,
those unemployment figures became extreme pressure.
By the end of April, only 30% of graduates found jobs in
Shanghai and Guangdong, 10% less than previous years.
In Beijing, only 28% of graduates found jobs.
Sources said that now postgraduate students will
need to take exams again.
When the exam result were announced in May, 20% of them
failed. There is fierce competition in the job market in the future.
Sun Wenguang, a retired professor in Shandong University
said that China’s education system is the leading cause.
Sun said that, in order to gain interest, the universities didn’t
consider the needs of society, so increased enrolment every year.
Sun Wenguang: “To increase the enrolment numbers
can get more fees, adding to the income and bonus.
They try their best to enrol more students,
expanding school buildings and campuses.
This way, the education system changes to
commercial business.”
Teacher Chen, Jinnan University, Shandong: “The proportion
of enrolment is large, so graduated students numbers increased.
Another reason is the retirement age has extended,
this is also a big pressure for them.”
Sun Wenguang said that China markets have excess output,
so many companies face bankruptcy.
This is one reason causing the unemployment.
Sun Wenguang: “Now the economic growth is declining.
It can not be solved in a couple of years.”
Economic Information newspaper in
Mainland China reported that in 2013
the stimulated macro-economic growth is lower
than expected, and the number of plans have declined.
In February, a survey on 500 companies shows that nearly
recruitment is reduced by 15% compared with last year.
The students said that the pressure is too heavy.
Mr. Zeng in South China Normal University: “It is harder to
find a job compared to last year.IApril/May, it wasn’t very good.
Big companies normally will employ some students then.
this year only small and medium companies did.
The welfare isn’t very high. Some people do find it difficult to
get work, they didn’t determine to set a standard for a job.”
Zeng said that some students’ subject are not practical,
they have to study a new subject from the beginning.
Zeng: “Some courses are really not practical. In our school,
Accounting and Human Resources are easy to find jobs.
But E-Business and Information Management
are more difficult to get jobs in.
We have to study a new course again,
most knowledge needs to be learned again.”
The CCP new leadership are worried by the slowdown
of economy and the increasing levels of unemployment.
Last week, leader Xi Jinping visited Tianjin Human Resources
Development Promotion Centre, talking to staff and students.
Premier Li Keqiang said in a telephone conference that China
faces an unprecedented challenge to solve employment problems.
Sun Wenguang: “Some graduated students can’t find jobs.
It may be the problem of the social system.
Now the country didn’t respect human rights,
and officials are corrupt.
The students may become a power,
pushing the society to reform.”
In China’s modern history, angry students
have played an important role;
In the 1919 social movements, from1966 to 1976 the Cultural
Revolution, and the Tiananmen Students Movement in 1989.
