【新唐人2013年05月16日讯】大陆国土资源部星期一发出紧急通知，要求地方政府“严防违法违规征地，杜绝暴力征地行为”。有关通知在实施过程中能否落实？大陆社会各界和有关学者提出质疑。经济学者指出，这个通知突显了目前中国经济的困境，证实了中国老百姓在没有法律和人权保障的情况下，民怨沸腾已经到了顶点。
国土资源部5月13号发出紧急通知，对全国各地方政府提出了五点要求：一是，严防因征地引发矛盾和冲突，不得强行实施征地，杜绝暴力征地；二是，开展全面排查，纠正违法违规征地行为；三是，完善政策措施，给予被征地农民适当补偿，保障征地过程中农民的知情权和参与权；第四点要求是，建全征地矛盾纠纷调解机制，防止征地纠纷扩大引发群体性或恶性事件；第五点是，严格实行监督问责，如违规征地引发恶性事件，将追究有关人员责任。
国土资源部发布的这个通知，在实施过程中能否落实？再次引起社会各界和有关学者的质疑。美国“南卡罗来纳大学”教授谢田表示，这个紧急通知显然是在中国经济巨大滑坡背景下出现的。
美国“南卡罗来纳大学”教授谢田：“实际上是跟地方政府债务，债台高筑，还不起债务这样的一个经济状况有关。”
当前中国的经济明显放缓，近几年地方债务风险早已被业界视为“走钢丝”。由于中国没有专门的机构和标准来统计地方债务，因此地方债务规模到底有多大，一直没有明确的说法。国家审计署2011年发布的全国地方政府性债务审计结果显示，截至2010年底，全中国地方政府的相关债务达到10万7千亿元。
而国家审计署副审计长董大胜在今年中共的“两会”上说，估计各级政府总债务规模在15万亿至18万亿元。另外，财政部原部长项怀诚日前甚至表示，地方政府负债估计超过20万亿元。
那么，这个窟窿如何补上？
谢田：“它们地方政府为了不至于破产，和不至于出现资不抵债的问题，它们唯一可能做的办法就是大规模加快征地，加快通过卖地赚钱，来偿还它房地产的投资贷款。这个显然是和中国经济的状况有关。”
谢田指出，“暴力征地”像烈火一样在全中国延烧，虽然已经引起中国老百姓极大愤慨，但“暴力征地”仍在百姓失去法律保障、没有人权的基础上进行。
谢田：“中国根本就没有法律，没有法制体系，因为如果是出现了这种征地纠纷的话，你根本就不需要政府去发通知，实际上走法律的途径就应该可以解决，但中国显然是没有办法走这条路的。”
5月12号，云南保山市河图镇红花村村民抗议政府低价征地，与政府派出的数百警察发生冲突。网上消息说，事件中有20多位民众被打伤，7名村民被捕。5月11号，天津市东丽区宝元村村民同样因为护地，遭到当局派出的800多警察血腥镇压。有20多名村民被暴力殴打，导致重伤住院，有位女村民的衣服和裤子被扒下后遭到警察的拳打脚踢，警察连老人和小孩都不放过。
大陆民主人士恩广：“现在谁都知道强拆以及征地这一块，基本上老百姓是没有抗争能力的。就像现在为什么很多很多的人上访，就是因为这些事情。他们失去了家，失去了土地，然后法律又不能维护他们的权益，这一块的访民做的非常大。”
谢田认为，中共把“杜绝暴力征地行为”拿到桌面上来讲，对民众来说，非常悲哀。
采访编辑/唐睿 后制/萧宇
China Bans Violent Land Acquisition—Empty Words?
The China Ministry of Land and Resources issued
an urgent notice on Monday requiring local governments
to prevent illegal land acquisition, and to put an end
to violent land acquisitions.
Mainland Chinese scholars and the public have questioned
how to successful implement such a notice.
Economists pointed out that this notice demonstrates the
plight of China’s economy, and further confirms that
China’s public complaints in the absence of
human rights have reached their peak.
On 13th May, China’s Ministry of Land and Resources
issued an urgent notice with a list of five requirements
for local governments across the country:
1) Prevent social conflicts caused by land acquisition and
put an end to violent land acquisition;
2) Carry out a comprehensive investigation to stop
illegal land acquisitions;
3) Improve policies and measures to guarantee
landless farmers adequate compensation,
to protect farmers’rights to know and
to participate in the process of land acquisition.
4) Establish a dispute resolution mechanism for land
acquisition to prevent disputes from growing into larger or collective conflicts.
5) Implement strict supervision, prosecution and
punishment against those responsible for serious infringements of illegal land acquisition.
Can this ministry notice be successfully implemented?
Chinese and international communities have raised many doubts.
Xie Tian, professor at the University of South Carolina,
said that this emergency notification clearly appears in the
context of the huge land-sliding of the Chinese economy.
Xie Tian:"In fact this notice is closely related to
the current situation in that
local Chinese governments are seriously indebted and
cannot pay back their debts."
Chinese economic development has been slowing down for years.
Local debts have led the Chinese economy onto a “tightrope".
Without specialized agencies and standard statistics, the total
amount of Chinese local government debt remains unclear.
The statistics released by China’s National Audit Office
in 2011 show a total number of over 10 trillion Yuan by the end of 2010.
Dong Dasheng, Deputy Auditor General for the National
Audit Office said at this year’s two assemblies that
the total amount is estimated to be
between 15 to 18 trillion Yuan.
Xiang Huaicheng, former Chinese Minister of Finance
estimated the amount to be over 20 trillion Yuan.
Then how are the Chinese local governments going
to make up for this gap?
Xie Tian:"To avoid bankruptcy, Chinese local governments
have no choice but to speed up large-scale land acquisitions.
By selling land for money, governments can pay back
real estate loans.
This phenomenon is clearly related to
the situation of China’s economy."
Xie Tian pointed out that violent land acquisition
has spread like wildfire throughout China.
Though it has caused great indignation among the people,
violent land acquisition still continues to happen and
acts against basic human rights.
Xie Tian: “China lacks an effective legal system.
Otherwise, disputes during land acquisition could be
resolved in court instead of via the government.
In today’s China there is no such option."
On 12th May, villagers in Hetu Town, Yunnan province
protested against the government’s low-price land acquisition,
and confronted hundreds of police officers.
Online news reports that over 20 villagers
were wounded and seven arrested.
On 11th May, Dongli District in Tianjin also witnessed
a bloody crackdown by 800 police officers acting against protesting villagers.
Over 20 villagers were seriously injured and
were taken to hospital.
There is even a report of a female villager who
was beaten after her clothes and pants were removed.
Among the injured included the elderly and children.
En Guang, Mainland China democratic activist:
“Now everyone knows that the Chinese people are largely
unable to fight against forced demolitions and land acquisition.
Many people go to petition against such events.
They have lost their homes and land,
but the law cannot protect them.
Petitioners have done a lot regarding such disputes."
Xie Tian says it is sad to see those petitioners with
the CCP only talking about putting an end to violent land acquisition without actually exercising it.
