【新唐人2013年05月16日訊】大陸國土資源部星期一發出緊急通知，要求地方政府「嚴防違法違規徵地，杜絕暴力徵地行為」。有關通知在實施過程中能否落實？大陸社會各界和有關學者提出質疑。經濟學者指出，這個通知突顯了目前中國經濟的困境，證實了中國老百姓在沒有法律和人權保障的情況下，民怨沸騰已經到了頂點。
國土資源部5月13號發出緊急通知，對全國各地方政府提出了五點要求：一是，嚴防因徵地引發矛盾和衝突，不得強行實施徵地，杜絕暴力徵地；二是，開展全面排查，糾正違法違規徵地行為；三是，完善政策措施，給予被徵地農民適當補償，保障徵地過程中農民的知情權和參與權；第四點要求是，建全徵地矛盾糾紛調解機制，防止徵地糾紛擴大引發群體性或惡性事件；第五點是，嚴格實行監督問責，如違規徵地引發惡性事件，將追究有關人員責任。
國土資源部發佈的這個通知，在實施過程中能否落實？再次引起社會各界和有關學者的質疑。美國「南卡羅來納大學」教授謝田表示，這個緊急通知顯然是在中國經濟巨大滑坡背景下出現的。
美國「南卡羅來納大學」教授謝田：「實際上是跟地方政府債務，債臺高築，還不起債務這樣的一個經濟狀況有關。」
當前中國的經濟明顯放緩，近幾年地方債務風險早已被業界視為「走鋼絲」。由於中國沒有專門的機構和標準來統計地方債務，因此地方債務規模到底有多大，一直沒有明確的說法。國家審計署2011年發佈的全國地方政府性債務審計結果顯示，截至2010年底，全中國地方政府的相關債務達到10萬7千億元。
而國家審計署副審計長董大勝在今年中共的「兩會」上說，估計各級政府總債務規模在15萬億至18萬億元。另外，財政部原部長項懷誠日前甚至表示，地方政府負債估計超過20萬億元。
那麼，這個窟窿如何補上？
謝田：「它們地方政府為了不至於破產，和不至於出現資不抵債的問題，它們唯一可能做的辦法就是大規模加快徵地，加快通過賣地賺錢，來償還它房地產的投資貸款。這個顯然是和中國經濟的狀況有關。」
謝田指出，「暴力徵地」像烈火一樣在全中國延燒，雖然已經引起中國老百姓極大憤慨，但「暴力徵地」仍在百姓失去法律保障、沒有人權的基礎上進行。
謝田：「中國根本就沒有法律，沒有法制體系，因為如果是出現了這種徵地糾紛的話，你根本就不需要政府去發通知，實際上走法律的途徑就應該可以解決，但中國顯然是沒有辦法走這條路的。」
5月12號，雲南保山市河圖鎮紅花村村民抗議政府低價徵地，與政府派出的數百警察發生衝突。網上消息說，事件中有20多位民眾被打傷，7名村民被捕。5月11號，天津市東麗區寶元村村民同樣因為護地，遭到當局派出的800多警察血腥鎮壓。有20多名村民被暴力毆打，導致重傷住院，有位女村民的衣服和褲子被扒下後遭到警察的拳打腳踢，警察連老人和小孩都不放過。
大陸民主人士恩廣：「現在誰都知道強拆以及徵地這一塊，基本上老百姓是沒有抗爭能力的。就像現在為甚麼很多很多的人上訪，就是因為這些事情。他們失去了家，失去了土地，然後法律又不能維護他們的權益，這一塊的訪民做的非常大。」
謝田認為，中共把「杜絕暴力徵地行為」拿到桌面上來講，對民眾來說，非常悲哀。
採訪編輯/唐睿 後製/蕭宇
China Bans Violent Land Acquisition—Empty Words?
The China Ministry of Land and Resources issued
an urgent notice on Monday requiring local governments
to prevent illegal land acquisition, and to put an end
to violent land acquisitions.
Mainland Chinese scholars and the public have questioned
how to successful implement such a notice.
Economists pointed out that this notice demonstrates the
plight of China’s economy, and further confirms that
China’s public complaints in the absence of
human rights have reached their peak.
On 13th May, China’s Ministry of Land and Resources
issued an urgent notice with a list of five requirements
for local governments across the country:
1) Prevent social conflicts caused by land acquisition and
put an end to violent land acquisition;
2) Carry out a comprehensive investigation to stop
illegal land acquisitions;
3) Improve policies and measures to guarantee
landless farmers adequate compensation,
to protect farmers’rights to know and
to participate in the process of land acquisition.
4) Establish a dispute resolution mechanism for land
acquisition to prevent disputes from growing into larger or collective conflicts.
5) Implement strict supervision, prosecution and
punishment against those responsible for serious infringements of illegal land acquisition.
Can this ministry notice be successfully implemented?
Chinese and international communities have raised many doubts.
Xie Tian, professor at the University of South Carolina,
said that this emergency notification clearly appears in the
context of the huge land-sliding of the Chinese economy.
Xie Tian:"In fact this notice is closely related to
the current situation in that
local Chinese governments are seriously indebted and
cannot pay back their debts."
Chinese economic development has been slowing down for years.
Local debts have led the Chinese economy onto a “tightrope".
Without specialized agencies and standard statistics, the total
amount of Chinese local government debt remains unclear.
The statistics released by China’s National Audit Office
in 2011 show a total number of over 10 trillion Yuan by the end of 2010.
Dong Dasheng, Deputy Auditor General for the National
Audit Office said at this year’s two assemblies that
the total amount is estimated to be
between 15 to 18 trillion Yuan.
Xiang Huaicheng, former Chinese Minister of Finance
estimated the amount to be over 20 trillion Yuan.
Then how are the Chinese local governments going
to make up for this gap?
Xie Tian:"To avoid bankruptcy, Chinese local governments
have no choice but to speed up large-scale land acquisitions.
By selling land for money, governments can pay back
real estate loans.
This phenomenon is clearly related to
the situation of China’s economy."
Xie Tian pointed out that violent land acquisition
has spread like wildfire throughout China.
Though it has caused great indignation among the people,
violent land acquisition still continues to happen and
acts against basic human rights.
Xie Tian: “China lacks an effective legal system.
Otherwise, disputes during land acquisition could be
resolved in court instead of via the government.
In today’s China there is no such option."
On 12th May, villagers in Hetu Town, Yunnan province
protested against the government’s low-price land acquisition,
and confronted hundreds of police officers.
Online news reports that over 20 villagers
were wounded and seven arrested.
On 11th May, Dongli District in Tianjin also witnessed
a bloody crackdown by 800 police officers acting against protesting villagers.
Over 20 villagers were seriously injured and
were taken to hospital.
There is even a report of a female villager who
was beaten after her clothes and pants were removed.
Among the injured included the elderly and children.
En Guang, Mainland China democratic activist:
“Now everyone knows that the Chinese people are largely
unable to fight against forced demolitions and land acquisition.
Many people go to petition against such events.
They have lost their homes and land,
but the law cannot protect them.
Petitioners have done a lot regarding such disputes."
Xie Tian says it is sad to see those petitioners with
the CCP only talking about putting an end to violent land acquisition without actually exercising it.
