【新唐人2012年4月5日讯】两会后，温家宝赶赴广西、福建等地考察。考察过程中，几个企业老板反映企业融资很难。温家宝在谈到融资问题时说：“我们银行获得利润太容易了。为什么呢？就是少数几大家银行处于垄断地位，只能到它那儿贷款才贷得来，别的地方很困难。现在所以解决民营资本进入金融，根本来讲，还是要打破垄断。”学者认为，中共政权不可能对中国的金融和中国的金钱流动失去控制，因此打破垄断的可能性几乎没有。
4月1号到3号，温家宝赶赴广西、福建等地考察。在三天的时间里，他到过福建三家企业了解经济情况和运营状况。并与企业家召开了三次座谈会。
在座谈会上，福建“匹克集团”董事长表示，目前企业存在着一个问题，就是内需确实不足，导致库存量增大；还有一个就是综合成本在上升，导致出口增长。他建议下调银行存款准备金率，放松银根。
经济专家简天伦博士表示，中国整个银行体系是由国有的四大银行所垄断。银行的利润来自储蓄及放款的利率差，而中国的利率和利差又来自政策规定，银行可变动的幅度极端小。所以四大银行等于垄断了中国银行业所有的业务和利润。
简天伦：“现在中国的一年期的储蓄存款利率是3.5%，而一年到三年期的贷款利率是6.5%，就说一年差的利息就要差出三个百分点，中国银行业去年2011年赚了一万亿还多一些的人民币，70%多都是利差来的，四大银行更在85%以上。”
一家小额贷款公司的董事长在座谈会上表示，中小企业融资难的问题体现在资金到位的时间与企业的需求并不匹配。往往生意来了，要贷款了，但是资金到不了位；当资金到位了，生意丢了。这一点是长期困扰中小实体企业的一个问题。
美国“南卡罗莱纳大学”艾肯商学院教授谢田表示，中国金融企业被国有银行垄断，压制其他外资银行和私有银行的生长和成长。所以，中国的中小企业、消费者个人、一般市民都要在金钱利益上受到损失。他们得不到很好的银行业的服务。
谢田：“中国银行的垄断实际上是中共统治下的产物，实际上是中国国有银行占领了全中国的全部江山，几乎是。现在实际上它们允许外资银行进来的是非常有限的一点点业务。不能真正开放银行业和金融业，像温家宝也承认他们赚钱太容易了。”
在座谈会上，温家宝提出，要打破垄断，中央已经统一了这个思想。谢田认为，实施的可能性几乎没有。
谢田：“你觉得中共会这样做吗，我认为几乎是不可能的，你说中共中央已经统一思想要打破银行垄断，他怎么统一思想呢？难道它真正的允许这种私有制或者自由竞争的这种制度的存在吗？或者他真正愿意放弃中共对经济命脉的这样的掌控吗？我觉得这个实际上是不可能的。他放弃了这个的时候，他实际上意味着中共的政权就要垮掉了。”
谢田还表示，中共的政权之所以维持，就是靠金钱的支撑，靠腐败。一旦没有钱来支持这些专政的工具的话，中共的政权一天也维持不下。
采访/周玉林、编辑/唐睿、后制/朱娣
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Can Wen Jiaobao truly break up the banking monopoly?
After the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) two sessions,
Premier Wen Jiabao visited Guangxi, Fujian and other places.
During his visit, a few business owners reported finance
difficulty.
Wen said, ““State-owned banks are profiting too easily.
Why? Because only a few major banks that monopolize
finances can loan money,
and it’s very difficult to borrow money elsewhere.
The fundamental solution to private financing
is to break up the state-owned bank monopoly."
However, scholars believe that it will be impossible
for the CCP to lose the monopoly of China’s financing, and even less chance of breaking it up.
On April 1 through 3, Premier Wen visited Guangxi,
Fujian, and other places.
Over three days, he went to three companies in Fujian
to find out their economic and operational situation.
Three meetings were held with the three companies.
In the meeting, the chairman of Fujian Peak Group said
that at present, one problem has existed within the companies.
That is, insufficient domestic demand results in increasing stock.
Another is rising costs resulting in the growth of exportation.
He suggested reducing the bank deposit reserve ratio
in order to ease monetary policy.
Economist Jian Tianlun said that China’s entire banking
system is monopolized by four major state-owned banks.
Bank profits mainly come from the interest differential
between deposits and loans.
However, China’s interest rates are prescribed by policy,
and banks have limited ability to float the rates.
Thus, four major state-owned banks that monopolize
the banking industry also monopolize the profits.
Jian Tianlun,"In China, the annual deposit rate
is 3.5%, while the lending rate for 1-5 years is 6.5%.
So the spread is fixed at about 3 percentage points.
In 2011, China’s banking industry profits were over
one trillion Yuan, of which over 70% is from the interest spread.
The four state-owned banks earned even more
than 85% from the spread."
In the meeting, a chairman from a small loan company said
that small to medium sized companies’ financing difficulty
is reflected in the arrival of funds not matching
the company’s requirement time.
Very often, when a business opportunity arrives, a business
needs to borrow money, but the loan is not transferred on time.
When the loan arrives, the deal has already fallen through.
This issue is a long-term disturbance to the small to medium
sized companies.
Xie Tian, a Business Professor at USC Aiken, said China’s
financing industry is monopolized by the state-owned banks.
It suppresses the development of foreign and private banks.
Thus, small to medium sized companies, individuals,
and citizens lose their interests. They can’t get good banking services.
Xie Tian, “In China, a bank monopoly is actually under
the rule of the CCP.
In fact, state-owned banks control China, only allowing
limited foreign banks and services to exist.
Wen Jiaobao now also admits that banks too easily
generate profit."
In the meeting, Wen mentioned in order to break up
the monopoly, the central regime has agreed on an ideology.
Xie Tian believes it is almost impossible to implement.
Xie Tian, “Do you expect the CCP will implement it?
I think it is impossible.
You said the CCP’s central regime agreed to break up the
banking monopoly, how will this be achieved?
Will they really allow private and free market
competition to exist? I believe it is impossible.
Once the CCP abandons the monopoly, it means the CCP’s
rule will collapse."
Xie Tian also said whether the CCP maintains power
is very dependent on money and corruption.
Without money’s support, the CCP cannot even last
one more day.
