【新唐人2012年4月5日訊】兩會後，溫家寶趕赴廣西、福建等地考察。考察過程中，幾個企業老闆反映企業融資很難。溫家寶在談到融資問題時說：「我們銀行獲得利潤太容易了。為甚麼呢？就是少數幾大家銀行處於壟斷地位，只能到它那兒貸款才貸得來，別的地方很困難。現在所以解決民營資本進入金融，根本來講，還是要打破壟斷。」學者認為，中共政權不可能對中國的金融和中國的金錢流動失去控制，因此打破壟斷的可能性幾乎沒有。
4月1號到3號，溫家寶趕赴廣西、福建等地考察。在三天的時間裏，他到過福建三家企業了解經濟情況和運營狀況。並與企業家召開了三次座談會。
在座談會上，福建「匹克集團」董事長表示，目前企業存在著一個問題，就是內需確實不足，導致庫存量增大；還有一個就是綜合成本在上升，導致出口增長。他建議下調銀行存款準備金率，放鬆銀根。
經濟專家簡天倫博士表示，中國整個銀行體系是由國有的四大銀行所壟斷。銀行的利潤來自儲蓄及放款的利率差，而中國的利率和利差又來自政策規定，銀行可變動的幅度極端小。所以四大銀行等於壟斷了中國銀行業所有的業務和利潤。
簡天倫：「現在中國的一年期的儲蓄存款利率是3.5%，而一年到三年期的貸款利率是6.5%，就說一年差的利息就要差出三個百分點，中國銀行業去年2011年賺了一萬億還多一些的人民幣，70%多都是利差來的，四大銀行更在85%以上。」
一家小額貸款公司的董事長在座談會上表示，中小企業融資難的問題體現在資金到位的時間與企業的需求並不匹配。往往生意來了，要貸款了，但是資金到不了位；當資金到位了，生意丟了。這一點是長期困擾中小實體企業的一個問題。
美國「南卡羅萊納大學」艾肯商學院教授謝田表示，中國金融企業被國有銀行壟斷，壓制其他外資銀行和私有銀行的生長和成長。所以，中國的中小企業、消費者個人、一般市民都要在金錢利益上受到損失。他們得不到很好的銀行業的服務。
謝田：「中國銀行的壟斷實際上是中共統治下的產物，實際上是中國國有銀行佔領了全中國的全部江山，幾乎是。現在實際上它們允許外資銀行進來的是非常有限的一點點業務。不能真正開放銀行業和金融業，像溫家寶也承認他們賺錢太容易了。」
在座談會上，溫家寶提出，要打破壟斷，中央已經統一了這個思想。謝田認為，實施的可能性幾乎沒有。
謝田：「你覺得中共會這樣做嗎，我認為幾乎是不可能的，你說中共中央已經統一思想要打破銀行壟斷，他怎麼統一思想呢？難道它真正的允許這種私有制或者自由競爭的這種制度的存在嗎？或者他真正願意放棄中共對經濟命脈的這樣的掌控嗎？我覺得這個實際上是不可能的。他放棄了這個的時候，他實際上意味著中共的政權就要垮掉了。」
謝田還表示，中共的政權之所以維持，就是靠金錢的支撐，靠腐敗。一旦沒有錢來支持這些專政的工具的話，中共的政權一天也維持不下。
採訪/周玉林、編輯/唐睿、後製/朱娣
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Can Wen Jiaobao truly break up the banking monopoly?
After the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) two sessions,
Premier Wen Jiabao visited Guangxi, Fujian and other places.
During his visit, a few business owners reported finance
difficulty.
Wen said, ““State-owned banks are profiting too easily.
Why? Because only a few major banks that monopolize
finances can loan money,
and it’s very difficult to borrow money elsewhere.
The fundamental solution to private financing
is to break up the state-owned bank monopoly."
However, scholars believe that it will be impossible
for the CCP to lose the monopoly of China’s financing, and even less chance of breaking it up.
On April 1 through 3, Premier Wen visited Guangxi,
Fujian, and other places.
Over three days, he went to three companies in Fujian
to find out their economic and operational situation.
Three meetings were held with the three companies.
In the meeting, the chairman of Fujian Peak Group said
that at present, one problem has existed within the companies.
That is, insufficient domestic demand results in increasing stock.
Another is rising costs resulting in the growth of exportation.
He suggested reducing the bank deposit reserve ratio
in order to ease monetary policy.
Economist Jian Tianlun said that China’s entire banking
system is monopolized by four major state-owned banks.
Bank profits mainly come from the interest differential
between deposits and loans.
However, China’s interest rates are prescribed by policy,
and banks have limited ability to float the rates.
Thus, four major state-owned banks that monopolize
the banking industry also monopolize the profits.
Jian Tianlun,"In China, the annual deposit rate
is 3.5%, while the lending rate for 1-5 years is 6.5%.
So the spread is fixed at about 3 percentage points.
In 2011, China’s banking industry profits were over
one trillion Yuan, of which over 70% is from the interest spread.
The four state-owned banks earned even more
than 85% from the spread."
In the meeting, a chairman from a small loan company said
that small to medium sized companies’ financing difficulty
is reflected in the arrival of funds not matching
the company’s requirement time.
Very often, when a business opportunity arrives, a business
needs to borrow money, but the loan is not transferred on time.
When the loan arrives, the deal has already fallen through.
This issue is a long-term disturbance to the small to medium
sized companies.
Xie Tian, a Business Professor at USC Aiken, said China’s
financing industry is monopolized by the state-owned banks.
It suppresses the development of foreign and private banks.
Thus, small to medium sized companies, individuals,
and citizens lose their interests. They can’t get good banking services.
Xie Tian, “In China, a bank monopoly is actually under
the rule of the CCP.
In fact, state-owned banks control China, only allowing
limited foreign banks and services to exist.
Wen Jiaobao now also admits that banks too easily
generate profit."
In the meeting, Wen mentioned in order to break up
the monopoly, the central regime has agreed on an ideology.
Xie Tian believes it is almost impossible to implement.
Xie Tian, “Do you expect the CCP will implement it?
I think it is impossible.
You said the CCP’s central regime agreed to break up the
banking monopoly, how will this be achieved?
Will they really allow private and free market
competition to exist? I believe it is impossible.
Once the CCP abandons the monopoly, it means the CCP’s
rule will collapse."
Xie Tian also said whether the CCP maintains power
is very dependent on money and corruption.
Without money’s support, the CCP cannot even last
one more day.
