【新唐人2011年11月5日讯】上个月北京警方通报，根据统计今年前三个季度，北京警方命案破案率达到97.8%，绑架案人质解救率为100%。中共公安部在此之前也曾宣布，中国年均40%左右的公开破案率常常“赶英超美”，然而，这样高的破案率真的给中国社会带来稳定吗？
中国一年平均大约有40%左右的公开破案率。所谓的破案率，是指一定时期内查清和处理的案件数，占同期立案侦查的全部刑事案件数的百分比。
南京律师张赞宁：“如果大陆的破案率在40％的话呢，那就是可以讲是比较高的，但问题是这个有些已经破了的案件，是否是真的破了，他有另一面，另一面就是他的冤案也是最高的，这是非常可怕、也非常可悲。”
有网友在网络上发起问卷调查，问大家对目前中国的破案率怎么看？网友鸟人回应，命案破案率虚高，不少屈打成招的冤案。
破案率是考核司法工作人员的一个重要标准，有人就此批评破案率的弊端，好比中国的GDP，“命案必破”对于基层警方的意义，正如GDP对于地方官员的意义，是由数字堆砌的乌纱帽。
张赞宁说，他接触过一起杀人案件，当时的公安局长为了省事想以自杀案结案。
南京律师张赞宁：“那个时候正是要过年的时候，他就硬是要求法医认定这是自杀的，不是他杀，这个法医坚持认定是他杀，他(局长)当时讲了一句话，你还要不要过年，这就反应那个问题，就是有些案件他是有意的让他错案，如果是他杀案件，那就要破案，这个成本就比较高，一般有很多细节，如果是自杀案，他只要法医确认自杀，这个案子就破了，这个也是另一方面的一个冤假错案吧。”
在学术界，这类实际已经发生，但由于种种原因还没有纳入警方记载的犯罪数量，统称为“犯罪黑数”。律师认为，不能用数字来量化治安，破案率的价值应该是以保护公民权益为最终目标，破案率的提高不代表社会治安的良好，对于制造冤假错案者的惩罚，应该要比破案率来的重要。
南京律师张赞宁：“这个破案率高，如果因为你造成很多冤假错案，很多冤假错案都没解决，在这个情况下不能反映这个治安好。”
在中国冤假错案已经不是新闻了，蒙冤11年的赵作海重获自由，河南尉氏县又爆出公安局抓精神病人抵杀人犯提高破案率的丑闻。
律师表示，当“命案必破”成为从上至下推行的行政命令时，为了完成破案率“宁可错抓”，各种虐囚、刑讯逼供、超期羁押甚至冤假错案层出不穷，靠这些违法行为制造出来的高破案率，又如何带给民众安全感呢？
新唐人记者陈汉、黄容、王明宇采访报导。
Lawyer: In China,The Higher Detection Rate, The More False Charges
Last month, the Beijing Police announced that according to
the statistics of the first three quarters of this year, the Beijing
Police murder detection rate reached 97.8%.
Previously, CCP Ministry of Public Security declared that
China’s annual average crime detection rate was around 40%,
which is often “better than the US and UK.”
However, can this high clear-up rate really make Chinese people safe?
Annual average public detection rate in China is around 40%.
The detection rate refers to the percentage of cases that are
identified and processed in a certain period of time
among all the criminal cases placed on file.
Nanjing lawyer Chang Tsan-ning said, “If China’s detection
rate is 40%, it’s relatively high.
The problem is, are those breaks in cases really clearing them up?
There’s another aspect.
That is, it (the CCP) also has the highest injustice case rate.
It’s very horrible and pathetic."
Some netizens launched a survey on the internet,
asking people’s opinions about CCP’s detection rate.
Netizen Niao Ren said that the murder detection rate is artificially high
and many have confessed to false charges under torture.
Detection rate is an important criterion for
assessing judicial staff.
Some people criticize that the abuse of the detection rate
is like China’s GDP.
The meaning “murder cases must be cleared up” to the
police is like the GDP figure to local officials.
The positions are piled up by the numbers.
Zhang Zanning said that he had come in contact with
a murder case in which the Chief of Police wanted to close it as a suicide case.
Nanjing lawyer Zhang Zanning said, “It was around
Chinese New Year.
He forced the forensic expert to identify the case as suicide,
not homicide.
Nevertheless, the forensic expert insisted on
identifying it as homicide.
The chief then said, ‘Do you want to have Chinese New Year
or not?’
This reaction points out the problem: he purposely made fake
and false charges for some cases.”
If it’s a homicide, it needs to be cleared up, the cost is
relatively higher, and the case usually has many details.
If it’s a suicide case, once a forensic expert confirms it,
the case is done.
This is a kind of trumped-up case related to interests."
In academia, this has actually happened.
It’s referred to as the “Dark Figure of Crime.”
However, for various reasons, they have not been included
in the recorded crime of the police.
The lawyer thinks that the number can not be used to reflect
social stability.
The value of the detection rate is to protect citizens’ rights
and that’s the ultimate goal.
The rising of the detection rate doesn’t reflect social order,
and punishing the manufacture of miscarriages of injustice
should be more important than the detection rate.
Nanjing lawyer Zhang Zanning said, “The detection rate is high.
If it’s because many fake and false cases are created,
it can not reflect the social order in this situation.”
Miscarriages of justice in China are not news.
Zhao Zuohai was set free after 11 years due to an unjust, false charge.
Another scandal was exposed in Weishi County in Henan in
which the Public Security Bureau arrested mental patients
to cancel out the number of murderers in order to improve
the detection rate.
The lawyer said that when “murder cases must be cleared up”
becomes an executive order implemented from top to the bottom,
all sorts of prisoner abuses, tortures, extended detention,
and even trumped-up cases come up one after another.
How can the high detection rate created by those illegal
manufactures bring the Chinese people real sense of security?
NTD reporters Chan Han. Huang Rong and Wang Mingyu
