【新唐人2011年11月5日訊】上個月北京警方通報，根據統計今年前三個季度，北京警方命案破案率達到97.8%，綁架案人質解救率為100%。中共公安部在此之前也曾宣佈，中國年均40%左右的公開破案率常常「趕英超美」，然而，這樣高的破案率真的給中國社會帶來穩定嗎？
中國一年平均大約有40%左右的公開破案率。所謂的破案率，是指一定時期內查清和處理的案件數，佔同期立案偵查的全部刑事案件數的百分比。
南京律師張讚寧：「如果大陸的破案率在40％的話呢，那就是可以講是比較高的，但問題是這個有些已經破了的案件，是否是真的破了，他有另一面，另一面就是他的冤案也是最高的，這是非常可怕、也非常可悲。」
有網友在網絡上發起問卷調查，問大家對目前中國的破案率怎麼看？網友鳥人回應，命案破案率虛高，不少屈打成招的冤案。
破案率是考核司法工作人員的一個重要標準，有人就此批評破案率的弊端，好比中國的GDP，「命案必破」對於基層警方的意義，正如GDP對於地方官員的意義，是由數字堆砌的烏紗帽。
張讚寧說，他接觸過一起殺人案件，當時的公安局長為了省事想以自殺案結案。
南京律師張讚寧：「那個時候正是要過年的時候，他就硬是要求法醫認定這是自殺的，不是他殺，這個法醫堅持認定是他殺，他(局長)當時講了一句話，你還要不要過年，這就反應那個問題，就是有些案件他是有意的讓他錯案，如果是他殺案件，那就要破案，這個成本就比較高，一般有很多細節，如果是自殺案，他只要法醫確認自殺，這個案子就破了，這個也是另一方面的一個冤假錯案吧。」
在學術界，這類實際已經發生，但由於種種原因還沒有納入警方記載的犯罪數量，統稱為「犯罪黑數」。律師認為，不能用數字來量化治安，破案率的價值應該是以保護公民權益為最終目標，破案率的提高不代表社會治安的良好，對於製造冤假錯案者的懲罰，應該要比破案率來的重要。
南京律師張讚寧：「這個破案率高，如果因為你造成很多冤假錯案，很多冤假錯案都沒解決，在這個情況下不能反映這個治安好。」
在中國冤假錯案已經不是新聞了，蒙冤11年的趙作海重獲自由，河南尉氏縣又爆出公安局抓精神病人抵殺人犯提高破案率的醜聞。
律師表示，當「命案必破」成為從上至下推行的行政命令時，為了完成破案率「寧可錯抓」，各種虐囚、刑訊逼供、超期羈押甚至冤假錯案層出不窮，靠這些違法行為製造出來的高破案率，又如何帶給民眾安全感呢？
新唐人記者陳漢、黃容、王明宇採訪報導。
Lawyer: In China,The Higher Detection Rate, The More False Charges
Last month, the Beijing Police announced that according to
the statistics of the first three quarters of this year, the Beijing
Police murder detection rate reached 97.8%.
Previously, CCP Ministry of Public Security declared that
China’s annual average crime detection rate was around 40%,
which is often “better than the US and UK.”
However, can this high clear-up rate really make Chinese people safe?
Annual average public detection rate in China is around 40%.
The detection rate refers to the percentage of cases that are
identified and processed in a certain period of time
among all the criminal cases placed on file.
Nanjing lawyer Chang Tsan-ning said, “If China’s detection
rate is 40%, it’s relatively high.
The problem is, are those breaks in cases really clearing them up?
There’s another aspect.
That is, it (the CCP) also has the highest injustice case rate.
It’s very horrible and pathetic."
Some netizens launched a survey on the internet,
asking people’s opinions about CCP’s detection rate.
Netizen Niao Ren said that the murder detection rate is artificially high
and many have confessed to false charges under torture.
Detection rate is an important criterion for
assessing judicial staff.
Some people criticize that the abuse of the detection rate
is like China’s GDP.
The meaning “murder cases must be cleared up” to the
police is like the GDP figure to local officials.
The positions are piled up by the numbers.
Zhang Zanning said that he had come in contact with
a murder case in which the Chief of Police wanted to close it as a suicide case.
Nanjing lawyer Zhang Zanning said, “It was around
Chinese New Year.
He forced the forensic expert to identify the case as suicide,
not homicide.
Nevertheless, the forensic expert insisted on
identifying it as homicide.
The chief then said, ‘Do you want to have Chinese New Year
or not?’
This reaction points out the problem: he purposely made fake
and false charges for some cases.”
If it’s a homicide, it needs to be cleared up, the cost is
relatively higher, and the case usually has many details.
If it’s a suicide case, once a forensic expert confirms it,
the case is done.
This is a kind of trumped-up case related to interests."
In academia, this has actually happened.
It’s referred to as the “Dark Figure of Crime.”
However, for various reasons, they have not been included
in the recorded crime of the police.
The lawyer thinks that the number can not be used to reflect
social stability.
The value of the detection rate is to protect citizens’ rights
and that’s the ultimate goal.
The rising of the detection rate doesn’t reflect social order,
and punishing the manufacture of miscarriages of injustice
should be more important than the detection rate.
Nanjing lawyer Zhang Zanning said, “The detection rate is high.
If it’s because many fake and false cases are created,
it can not reflect the social order in this situation.”
Miscarriages of justice in China are not news.
Zhao Zuohai was set free after 11 years due to an unjust, false charge.
Another scandal was exposed in Weishi County in Henan in
which the Public Security Bureau arrested mental patients
to cancel out the number of murderers in order to improve
the detection rate.
The lawyer said that when “murder cases must be cleared up”
becomes an executive order implemented from top to the bottom,
all sorts of prisoner abuses, tortures, extended detention,
and even trumped-up cases come up one after another.
How can the high detection rate created by those illegal
manufactures bring the Chinese people real sense of security?
NTD reporters Chan Han. Huang Rong and Wang Mingyu
