【新唐人2012年8月28日訊】又是一起追尾，又是一起客車燃燒導致大量乘客死亡的交通事故。陝西包茂高速公路延安路段26號發生重大車禍，媒體嘆息：大陸公路已經成為全球高風險的區域。而另一方面，爲甚麽中國的長途汽車客運一直發生「有規定不遵從」，「有危險繼續坐」的現象呢？下面就和本臺記者一起去了解。
26號凌晨2點多，原定由內蒙古呼和浩特開往陝西西安的一輛雙層長途臥鋪客車，在包茂高速公路安塞服務區追尾，撞上一輛裝有甲醇的重型罐車，引發大火。國內媒體報導，大量甲醇被撞擊後四處洩漏，迅速燃燒，客車被燒得僅剩下框架，加上客車前部撞擊後嚴重變形，乘客無法從前面的車門疏散，包含客車駕駛在內的36人死亡，只有3人送醫急救。
台灣《中國時報》報導，大陸公路成為全球高風險的區域。根據大陸官方統計，中國去年交通事故死亡人數達到62,000多人，其中，「一次死亡10人以上」的大型交通事故至少就有25起。到2010年為止的十年中，大陸已有近90萬人死於各類道路交通事故。
目前，事故原因還在調查中，但是從發生事故的時間來看，司機並沒有遵守交通運輸部去年7月推行的「凌晨2點至5點休息令」。 陝西省省長趙正永27號上午表態說，從下星期開始，陝西省要強制取締夜間行駛的「紅眼客車」，周邊省份途經陝西的客車，在夜間也要強制停車休息。不過他並沒有講到如何監管？保證落實。
自由撰稿人，原《河北人民廣播電臺》編輯朱欣欣，曾經在企業擔任過司機管理工作，他表示，司機是不得不「疲勞駕駛」。
原《河北人民廣播電臺》編輯朱欣欣：「中國的這種體制不是一個正常的市場經濟體制，幹活兒的人少，收費的、收稅的人很多，造成了企業負擔很重。它為了要增加收入，除了是拚命的幹活，或者是拚命的來逃稅、漏稅，只能是加班加點幹活兒了。官方出臺過很多的規定，強制休息，但是實際上，因為司機這邊不願意休息，另外，公路這邊，它也願意多收費，所以這個強制休息，制止疲勞駕駛的政策根本就落實不了。」
除了監管政策難以執行，發生事故的「雙層臥鋪客車」，早被有關部門認定存在安全隱患，今年3月禁止生產銷售。據國內媒體統計，最近17個月「雙層臥鋪車」至少發生6起事故，造成140人遇難。事故後，國內媒體也質問，「三令五申」爲甚麽堵不住要命的大巴車？
「深圳當代社會觀察研究所」所長劉開明指出，雖然客車生產被禁止了，但是老百姓對於這種便宜的移動方式仍然有需求。
「深圳當代社會觀察研究所」所長劉開明：「因為現在雖然不生產了，但是因為鐵路不能夠滿足人們出行的需要，火車、飛機現在雖然有高鐵，跟飛機都太貴。」
朱欣欣分析，百姓對長途汽車的需求之所以大，是因為官方並沒有考慮百姓的出行成本。
朱欣欣：「搞這個高鐵，它增加了運營的成本，然後，它把這個成本又轉嫁給普通消費者人身上。 關鍵是甚麼呢？他們要利用這個高鐵，來搞這個形象工程，同時，一些貪官污吏，各個部門也利用這個來中飽私囊。 政府應當給消費者、給人民有更多的，高、中、低的，不同的出行方式費用的這種選擇。」
朱欣欣認為，政治體制是國家的核心，由於政治體制不革新，就給經濟、文化、社會各方面帶來越來越多非正常的現象。就像中共當年批評國民黨「一黨獨裁，偏地是災」。
在包茂高速公路的這起車禍發生後約11小時，滬蓉高速四川廣安段又發生追尾車禍，一輛無牌客貨車從後撞上因爆胎停在路邊的貨車，客貨車上11人死亡、1人重傷。
採訪/田淨 編輯/尚燕 後製/蕭宇
China’s Highways Become High-risk Zones
Another traffic accident, another shuttle bus
catching fire, with many passengers killed…
On August 26, another highway
accident took place in Yan’an.
Media reports are concerned that Mainland China’s
highways have become a high-risk area.
Why do Chinese buses keep violating traffic rules?
Why do Chinese people still take such buses?
Our report will answer these questions.
At 2:00am on August 26, a double-decker bus collided
with a heavy methanol tanker on the Baomao highway.
This triggered a serious fire, as leaking methanol quickly
started to burn, according to Mainland media reports.
Only the bus skeleton was left.
The bus was deformed by the impact, so passengers
could not be evacuated from the front door.
36 people died, including the driver,
with only 3 survivors, who were sent to hospital.
Taiwanese 『China Times’ reported that Mainland China’s
highways have become a high-risk area in the world.
China’s official statistics show a total of 62,000
deaths in traffic accidents last year.
Over 25 large-scale accidents
caused over 10 deaths each.
From 2000 to 2010, about 900,000 Chinese
people have died from traffic accidents.
At present, the Yan’an accident is still under investigation.
The time of the accident indicates that the driver did not
abide by the orders of China’s Ministry of Transport.
These orders forbid buses from running from 2:00 to 5:00am.
On August 27, Zhao Zhengyang, the Governor of Shaanxi
Province, promised to eliminate night driving from next week.
Passing buses from other provinces
will also need to stop and rest.
He did not explain how the implementation
of this rule would be enforced.
Zhu Xinxin, freelancer, and former editor at Hebei People’s
Radio, used to work on transportation administration.
He said that drivers had to drive with fatigue.
Zhu Xinxin: “China’s current economic
system is not a normal market economy.
Numerous tax offices and personnel
incur a significant burden to companies.
To increase revenue, companies have
to keep running desperately, or to evade taxation.
The government has issued many provisions
for mandatory rest, but drivers do not want to rest.
Transportation departments also try to collect more money.
As a result, mandatory rest policies could not be implemented.”
In addition, double-decker buses
have been considered dangerous.
They were removed from factory lines in March this year.
According to China’s media reports, the last 17 months
have seen at least 6 accidents of such buses.
This has caused over 140 deaths.
Chinese media also questioned why administrative
orders could not stop such buses from running.
Liu Kaiming, director of Shenzhen Institute
of Contemporary Observation, pointed out
that although the production of such buses
has stopped, people still need cheap bus services.
Liu Kaiming: “Although production has now stopped,
other transportation like railways can’t meet people’s needs.
Both high-speed railways and airplanes are too expensive.’
Zhu Xinxin believes people still need such buses because
the government did not consider the problem of travel costs.
Zhu Xinxin: “The costs of high-speed railways
are now paid by ordinary consumers.
The key issue is that the government used
the high-speed railway as an “image project.”
Corrupt officials also took advantage
of this for personal interests.
The government should provide more transportation
services to meet people’s different needs.
Zhu Xinxin believes that the political
system is the heart of a problem.
Without political reforms, more problems
will challenge the economy and society.
Just as the Chinese Communist Party used to say in
criticizing the Kuomintang; “dictatorship brings disasters."
11 hours after the accident on the Baomao highway,
a similar accident took place in Sichuan.
An illegally running passenger bus ran into a roadside
truck, causing 11 deaths and 1 serious injury.
