【新唐人2014年11月29日讯】一名中共外交部官员日前声称，当局正在考虑追捕携款外逃的中共贪官，但这一计划受到西方法官的阻拦。海外律师认为，一党专政统治下的中国和西方民主宪政国家，无论在政治体制、司法制度还是法律文化以及对反腐的认知方面，都存在巨大差异。西方国家拒绝与中共签署引渡条约，是一种秉持法律良知、恪守法律底线的表现。
据大陆媒体综合报导，11月26号中共外交部条约法律司司长徐宏在“反腐败国际追逃追赃”大会上呼吁，希望美国、加拿大等西方国家，不再拒绝与中国签署正式引渡条约，支持中共当局“反腐”行动。
徐宏指出，中国目前已经同全世界39个国家签订了引渡条约，但是这其中不包括美国和加拿大等中共贪官最常逃往的国家。徐宏承认，中国试图说服美国同中国签署引渡条约，但是美国似乎不准备这样做。徐宏认为，一些国家的法官不允许遣返中国“逃官”，是因为“他们对中国法律系统缺乏了解，抱有偏见。”但是这种观点遭到了舆论的驳斥。
时政评论员伍凡： “西方国家拒绝和中国签订（引渡条约），原因在哪里呢？我觉得有几个方面。第一个，西方国家和中共政权的司法制度、原则、定义都不同。第二、 西方国家和中共政权对犯罪的定义和量刑是不同的。 最后一点，中国和西方国家的政治制度不同。”
伍凡还特别指出，西方国家对目前中共当局正在进行的反腐败运动、已经定义“腐败份子”的标准看法也不同。
伍凡：“因为中共这次反腐败的目标是什么？它在保护这个政权、保护共产党，并且也是用共产党内派系斗争的形势出现。你看，可以打‘官二代’的人，但是没有去打‘红二代’的人，‘红二代’不贪污吗？贪污的更多，所以这个反‘贪污’的对像和标准都不一样，那么这里边判刑就不公平。”
伍凡说，一旦西方国家同意签署引渡条约，把中共定义的“犯人”遣送回国，等于变相帮助共产党进行内部斗争。
此外，《纽约时报》援引人权组织观点称，美国等几个西方国家拒绝与中国签订引渡协议，是出于对中国酷刑频现、死刑以及不透明且政治化的司法体制的担心。
美国华府人权律师叶宁对此表示赞同，他认为，西方国家不“配合”中共，并不是偏见，而是严格恪守法律底线，法律良知和法律文化的表现。
叶宁举例说，联合国《世界反酷刑公约》第三条明确规定，“任何人在另一国家将有遭受酷刑的危险，任何缔约国不得将该人驱逐、遣返或引渡至该国。”叶宁认为，虽然中国表面上也是该公约的缔约国，但与其它缔约国不同的是，中国的滥用酷刑“举世闻名”。
叶宁： “中共不是法制国家，中共参加国际条约不过是为了欺骗国际舆论而已，它并没认真在自己的国内法当中或者在国际关系当中，认真的遵守国际公约的规定和约束。所以即使签署了双边引渡或者多边引渡条约，因为中共存在人人诟病的普遍存在的滥用酷刑的这样一种毛病，引渡也是没法进行的。”
叶宁尤其指出，中共摘除和贩卖人体器官，就属于最为顶级的酷刑。
叶宁：“譬如讲，掠夺、贩卖人体器官，它就是一种酷刑达到顶峰造极，人类历史上从来没有过的、如此残暴的酷刑行为。那么这种酷刑行为现在昭然若揭，国际社会都已开始慢慢的、原来‘揣着明白装糊涂’的，现在也不得不出来偶尔表一下态，敷衍一下这种国际舆论。”
此外，叶宁还指出，联合国《引渡示范公约》、《难民公约》都规定“政治犯不得引渡”，国与国之间不可逾越，而中共当局对于政治犯、经济犯、刑事犯的定义一向模糊不清，那么所谓反腐打出来的“老虎”，到底是经济犯还是政治犯呢？西方国家难以鉴定。
因此，叶宁表示，非常庆幸全球200多个国家，只有30几个国家与中共签署了引渡条约。
采访/朱智善编辑/张天宇后制/萧宇
Why Does CCP’s Transnational
Anti-Corruption Encounter Setbacks?
A Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Foreign Ministry official
has claimed, the authorities are considering tracking down
those corrupted officials who escaped abroad, however,
this plan has been blocked by a western judge.
Overseas lawyer thinks, there are huge differences between
the one-party stated China and Western democratic
constitutional states in areas like the political system, the
judicial system, legal culture, cognition of anti-corruption.
Western countries have upheld law and conscience, followed
the bottom line, and hence refused to sign an extradition
treaty with the CCP.
According to mainland media, on 26 Nov, Xu Hong, the
director-general of the Department of Treaty and Law under
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has urged the US, Canada and
other western countries during a news conference.
He urged them to no longer refuse signing a formal
extradition treaty with China, and support the CCP’s
“anti-corruption" campaign.
Xu Hong stated, China has signed extradition treaties with
thirty-nine countries around the world, but not including
the US, Canada and other countries where most corrupted
officials fled to.
Xu Hong admitted, China is trying to persuade the US to sign
an extradition treaty, but the US does not seem prepared
to do so.
Xu Hong felt, judges in some countries do not allow the
repatriation of Chinese “fugitives" due to “their prejudice
and lack of understanding of the Chinese legal system."
However, this view was refuted by public opinion.
Current affairs commentator, Wu Fan: Western countries
have refused to sign (an extradition treaty), why is that so?
I feel there are several reasons.
First, western countries’ judicial system, use its principle and
definition differently to the CCP’s.
Secondly, western countries have different definitions and
sentencing of crime.
The last reason is that China and western countries have
different political systems.
Wu Fan also highlighted, western countries have different
views on the CCP’s current anti-corruption campaign and its
standard definition of “corrupted officials".
Wu Fan: What is the CCPs target of this anti-corruption?
To protect its regime, and it is related to the
CCPs factional struggle?
People of ‘second official generations’ are tracked down,
but not ‘second red generation’, is this because the
‘second red generation’ is not corrupted?
They are even more corrupt, so this ‘anti-corruption’ has
alterable standards, hence its sentencing will be unfair.
Wu Fan pointed out, if the western countries agreed to sign
an extradition treaty and repatriate the “criminals" defined
by the CCP, this is in fact to help the CCP conduct
its internal struggles.
In addition, New York Times has quoted human rights
organizations’ views, US and other western countries have
concerns towards the frequent torture, death penalty,
non-transparent and politicized judicial system in China.
Hence they have refused to sign an extradition
treaty with China.
The US human rights lawyer Ye Ning agrees, he felt that
western countries do not “cooperate" with the CCP not because
of prejudice, but because of strictly upholding the legal
bottom line, conscience and legal culture.
Ye Ning cited, Article 3 of the United Nations Convention
against Torture clearly stated:
No State Party shall expel, return (“refouler") or extradite a
person to another State where there are substantial grounds
for believing that he would be in danger of being
subjected to torture.
Ye Ning felt that although China is also a state party, but
there is a difference between it and others, that is,
China is “well-known" for its abuse of torture.
Ye Ning: the CCP is not a State of law, it takes part in
global treaties to deceive international public opinion, it
never really abided by treaties’ requirements and constraints
in its domestic law or international relations.
Hence even bilateral or multilateral extradition treaties
could be signed, yet extradition still cannot be carried out
due to the CCP’s abuse of torture.
Ye Ning highlighted, the CCP’s live organ harvesting and
trafficking is the most brutal torture.
Ye Ning: Harvesting and trafficking in human organs is an
extremely high-end torture, human history never has had such
brutal torture before.
This brutal torture has been revealed and abundantly clear, so
even the previously ‘turn a blind eye’ states have to show
their stance occasionally.
This enables them to give a perfunctory react to
international public opinion.
Moreover, Ye Ning pointed out, both the UN’s “Model Treaty on
Extradition" and “Convention relating to the Status of Refugees"
state “political prisoners cannot be extradited".
It is impassable between countries, and the CCP has always
blurred the definition of political prisoners, economic crimes,
and criminal offender.
So are the “tigers" that are being hunted down in the anti-
corruption campaign political prisoners or economic criminals?
It is difficult for Western countries to identify.
As such, Ye Ning stated, it is very fortunate that among the
200 countries over the world, only more than 30 countries have
signed extradition treaties with the CCP.
Interview/Zhu Zhishan Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/XiaoYu
