【新唐人2014年09月10日讯】位于内蒙古和宁夏接壤之处的腾格里沙漠，是中国第四大沙漠，原本拥有着丰富的地下水资源，和多种国家级重点保护植物，是当地牧民的主要集居地。但是现在，祖祖辈辈靠这片沙漠养育的人们正在相继逃离，取而代之的是一片片密集林立的化工厂和数个散发着令人窒息的刺鼻恶臭气味的巨型污水池。
“腾格里”在蒙古语的意思是“天”，用以描述沙漠“像天一样浩渺无际”。但很难想像，眼前这片巨大的“人工沼泽”，就是昔日美丽的腾格里沙漠。
近年来，腾格里沙漠腹地建起了内蒙古腾格里工业园和宁夏中卫工业园区，引入了大量化工企业。然而这些被当地政府称为“创造沙漠工业奇迹的功臣”，每天源源不断的将没有处理且严重超标的含强酸化工废水，直接排到了沙漠中，同时疯狂的开采着附近牧民赖以生存的地下水用于生产，致使腾格里沙漠陷入了生态环境破坏与水源紧缺的双重危机。
而腾格里沙漠中一片片的“黑色沼泽”，就是这些企业的排污池，被美其名曰叫“污水处理设施”。据《新京报》记者向当地牧民了解到，化工企业将没有经过处理的废水排入后，经过自然蒸发，将沉淀下来的粘稠沉淀物用铲车铲除，直接埋在沙漠里面。这些排污池整天散发着刺鼻的恶臭，令人窒息。有些企业甚至连所谓的“污水处理池”都懒的建，直接将化工废水通过插入沙土的橡胶管，非法注入沙漠，造成了极为严重的污染及危害。
民间水专家“乐水行”发起人张俊峰：“沙漠属于透水性极强的这样一个地质环境，这样，它所埋的任何东西，哪怕它是蒸发到空气中去，但是到了空气之中，它还是会通过大气的作用，会回到整个自然循环体系里面来。它不仅对水造成很多污染，它对空气也会有污染。随着降雨或者其他水汽运动，它还会回到地面里面来。不光是对当地，对整个生态环境都会有很大的影响。”
此外，专家还指出，由于腾格里工业园区化工废水向地下渗透，已经污染到了与工业园接壤的宁夏中卫市的地下饮用水。
《法制日报》去年曾报导，据北京有资质的检测机构化验结果显示，在距离腾格里工业园区2公里左右地区，牧民的饮用水中所含致癌物质苯酚，超过国家标准410倍，此外，在这个饮用水样本中还检测出菌落总数、总大肠菌群以及硫化物均超标。
更为严重的是，流经腾格里沙漠东南边缘的黄河水质，也受到了污染的威胁。
张俊峰：“它（化工污水）渗透下去的话，进入到地下水体里面，地下水体肯定会混合到其他的水体里面，在露头的地方就流入到其他的河流里面。而河流一旦流动起来的话，会把这些物质虽然是扩散吧，但是也会携带到各个地方。而且下游不远地方，就应该是兰州和其他城市的蓄水口，所以这种影响肯定是长期的。”
也有很多网民担心，被化工污染的沙尘，会随着狂风吹向更多的地方，造成更大面积的威胁。
环境污染专家、北京天则经济研究所国际部主任王军：“如果那个沙子有毒，那就非常糟糕了，它对人伤害会更大，毫无疑问。有些化学残留物到了我们眼睛里，到我们的鼻子里，进入我们肺、呼吸系统，那些毒素就会被释放出来，那个影响就……虽然很缓慢，虽然是很个别的，但是我相信这个影响是存在的。”
其实，早在2010年，就曾有媒体对腾格里沙漠污染状况进行过曝光，在此后的四年间，也有多家媒体先后对此进行了报导，但当局往往用一句“可能监管不到位”作为答复，就再没有了下文。
旅美中国环保作家何哲：“因为它这个项目对地方财政收入、税收有直接的好处。它停下来，财政收入、税收全部减少。当然它就是政府没钱了，所以它要保护这些企业，因为利益是一致的。”
王军：“它们虽然表面说，我们要坚决保护环境，但是内地里它根本不是这样想的，它说不定还会通风报信，给你做一些掩护。这个在中国是很普遍的，不是这么一家企业，环保局和污染企业往往是一家的。”
腾格尔沙漠的巨型排污池近期再次被曝光后，受到了社会强烈关注，网络上充满了对无良黑心企业的唾骂、对官商勾结的痛斥、对政府不作为的不满，但更多的，是对子孙后代的担忧！
采访编辑/张天宇 后制/李勇
Giant Dirty Marsh Emerging in Desert: Pollution Diffuses Westward
Located on the border area of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia
Automous Region, Tengger Desert is the fourth largest desert
of China, which originally had a wealth of underground water
resources and a variety of national key protected plants.
It is a major residential area of local herdsmen.
But now, people whose ancestral generations have been
raised by this desert have had to flee, and the desert is being
replaced by a piece of dense forest of chemical factories
with several giant cesspools exuding a pungent stench
and suffocating odor.
“Tengger" means “sky" in Mongolian and describes
the desert “as vast and boundless as the sky."
But it is hard to imagine such a huge “artificial marsh"
was once the beautiful Tengger Desert.
In recent years, the inner area of Tengger Desert has been
developed with Inner Mongolia Tengger Industrial Park
and Ningxia Zhongwei Industrial Park, both of which
attracted a large number of chemical companies.
However, the local government states that these, “heroic
companies have created an industrial miracle of the desert."
A daily steady stream of unprocessed chemical wastewater
containing acids is released directly into the desert.
While for the sake of industrial production these companies
have frantically extracted the underground water in which
the nearby herdsman live.
Such a status has resulted in the ecological damage
and water shortage double crisis of Tengger Desert.
Many patches of “Black Swamps" in the Tengger Desert
are discharged sewage pools, which were euphemistically
labelled, “sewage treatment facilities."
According to a Beijing News reporter who inquired with
the local herders, the chemical companies discharged
untreated wastewater into the sewage pools.
Then through natural evaporation, the thick sediment
was eradicated by forklifts and directly buried in the desert.
These sewage pools exude a pungent stench
and suffocating odor all day.
Some companies don’t even want to build so-called
“sewage treatment pools," and directly discharge
the chemical wastewater into the sand
via rubber tubes.
Such illegal injections into the desert cause
very serious pollution and other hazards.
Water expert Zhang Junfeng is the sponsor
of the “water pleasing tour."
He said, “The desert belongs to such a highly permeable
geological environment, so anything buried in it
will be kept in the system.
Even if it evaporates into the air, it still returns to the natural
circulation system through ambient movement.
This not only causes serious water pollution,
but also an air pollution.
As along with rain or other moisture movements,
the polluted substances still return to the ground.
This not only has a great impact on the local environment,
but also the entire ecosystem."
In addition, experts also pointed out that because
the chemical wastewater discharged from Tengger Industrial
Park infiltrate into the underground, this has contaminated
the underground drinking water of Zhongwei City in Ningxia,
which borders the Industrial Park.
Legal Daily reported last year that a qualified testing
organization in Beijing found that in the region about 2 km
from the Tengger Industrial Park, herders’ drinking water
contained carcinogen phenol 410 times more
than the national standard.
In addition, in the drinking water samples,
the total bacterial count, total coliforms
and sulfides were also detected
to be beyond the standard values.
More seriously, the Yellow River water flowing through
the southeast edge of Tengger Desert has also been
threatened by the pollution.
Zhang Junfeng: “if it (chemical sewage) penetrates into
the underground water bodies, underground water bodies
will be certainly mixed into other water bodies,
in some certain outlets where it flows into other rivers.
Once the rivers flow together, pollutants will be diffused
to various places.
Furthermore, not long to its downstream, there are gates
which retain drinking water for Lanzhou City and other cities.
So this definitely has a long-term impact."
Many Internet users worry that the contaminated chemical
dust will be blown by wild winds to surrounding areas.
This poses a threat to a larger area.
Environmental pollution expert Mr. Wang Jun is a Director
of the International Department of Beijing Unirule
Economics Institute.
He said: “If the sand is toxic, then it is very bad.
It would undoubtedly hurt more people.
Some chemical residues are able to get into our eyes,
our nose, our lungs and respiratory system.
Then those toxins will be released, and that impacts will……
despite being very slow and very unique, the influence
is still there.”
In fact, in early 2010, some media exposed the pollution
situation of the Tengger Desert.
During the next four years, a number of media followed
the reports of this topic.
But the authorities often reply with “possible oversight,"
and then there was no further progress.
U.S.-based Chinese environmental writer Ho Zhe:
“Because this factory project brings direct benefits
to the local fiscal revenue and the taxed.
If these projects cease operation, then the revenue
and the taxes will be all reduced.
Of course the governments will have no money,
so the governments want to protect these companies
due to the common interests."
Wang Jun: “Although they seemingly said, ‘we must
resolutely protect the environment,’ internally their minds
fundamentally not like this swear.
So it is possible for the governments to tip off companies
and to do some cover ups.
This is very common in China, and this is not only
one enterprise.
The EPA and the polluting enterprises
are often the same family."
Tengger Desert giant sewage pools were recently exposed
again, and this has become a strong societal concern.
The Internet has been full of vitriol towards those
unscrupulous and immoral companies.
Internet users denounce the collaboration of governments
with businesspersons, the dissatisfaction
with the governmental non-action,
and even more concerned for future generations.
Interview & Edit/Zhan Tianyu Post-Production/LiYong
