【新唐人2014年08月21日讯】中共商务部18号通报，今年7月外商直接投资同比下降了17%，创下两年来最低，外界普遍认为，中国的政治环境和经济环境造成外商对中国投资失去信心，特别是最近被外企抗议为“不公平”的“反垄断”行为，使很多外企望而生畏。
8月18号，中共商务部召开例行发布会，通报了外商直接投资情况。数据显示，7月份中国实际外商投资78亿美元，同比下降17%，创前年7月以来新低，环比6月的144.2亿美元，下降了45.9%。
中共国务院发展研究中心金融研究所研究员吴庆指出，中国投资空间正在变小，以及人民币单边升值的趋势已经结束，是导致外商直接投资下降的主要原因。
大陆经济学者邓先生：“肯定两个原因，一般是政治环境和经济风险，中国人很善于变通，把风险变相，变通，进行转移转换，把它分散。困难是早就面对的，因为很多问题一直都存在，只是有这些热钱不停地引进来，好像也掩盖、遮掩了很多的问题。”
外界还质疑，中共近期对外企的所谓“反垄断”，导致外企望而生畏。
过去几周，中共针对包括“微软”(Microsoft Corp.)、晶元生产商“高通”(Qualcomm Inc.)和汽车制造商“奥迪”(Audi AG)、“戴姆勒”(Daimler AG)和“克莱斯勒”(Chrysler)等外资企业展开了一系列的“反垄断”调查。
中国欧盟商会(European Chamber of Commercein China)上周发布声明称，在被调查的一些行业中，中国公司存在类似的违法行为，但没有成为调查目标。而在一些案例中，中国监管机构要求外国公司不要质疑调查，不要带律师参加听证会也不要向母国政府求助。中国欧盟商会称这些做法是“恐吓”。
旅美经济评论家马杰森：“外国企业对中国投资环境是有些担心，特别是最近这种利用垄断为名义给外国企业出难题，当然也有其他的原因，人民币发行资金非常大，经济发展的速度又在减缓，房地产又有危机，人民币升值的概念又逐渐在消失，热钱往中国走的动力就不大。”
邓先生：“‘反垄断’从来不能真正的‘反垄断’，‘反垄断’是一种策略，是政府干预的一种手段，通过这种方式来引导经济往好的方面去，同时也是为了分散一下注意力，转嫁一些矛盾。”
今年4月，正当全球关注解放军总后勤部副部长谷俊山案件进展时，德国制药商“葛兰素史克”等外国企业陷入腐败调查。而这一次对国外企业进行的反垄断调查，正值前中共军委副主席徐才厚，和前中共政法委书记周永康案件向公众公开。
事实上，近年来越来越多的外资企业撤离中国。网路巨头“谷歌”和“雅虎”、美国电子零售商“百思买”（Best Buy）和德国“万得城”（Media Markt）都已经离开。美国化妆品公司“露华浓”（Revlon），一月份宣布退出中国，并裁撤1,100个职位，世界最大化妆品公司法国“欧莱雅”（L’Oreal），也在一月决定将旗下“卡尼尔”（Garnier）系列产品退出中国市场。
而一些留下来的外国公司在中国苦苦挣扎。“IBM”说，去年最后一个季度在中国的盈利下跌23%。法国饮料集团“人头马君度”（Remy Cointreau）报告说，去年的前三个季度，“人头马干邑”的销售下降超过30％。
《新华社》今年5月份的一份报导说， 5年前，面对打算在哪里开设下一家工厂的问题，10位首席执行官至少有9位会回答：中国。而今天，给出同样回答的不会超过两三位，而多达5位会说：美国。10年来，有多达200家美国公司把生产搬回国内。
采访编辑/刘惠 后制/陈建铭
Foreign Direct Investment Into China Dropped To A Two-Year Low
China Ministry of Commerce data showed that foreign
direct investment (FDI) in July fell 17 percent year-on-year.
This is the lowest monthly figure in two years.
Observers say that China ‘s political and economic
environment caused foreign investors to lose confidence.
In particular, the recent anti-monopoly probe into foreign
companies could be the main cause.
On Aug. 18, the Ministry of Commerce announced
the FDI figure at a news briefing.
Data shows that foreign investment in China stood at $7.8
billion in July, a 17 percent drop, its lowest since July 2012.
Compared with £14.4 billion in June, foreign investment
dropped by 45.9 percent.
Wu Qing, researcher at Institute of Finance of China ‘s State
Council Development Research Center says that China ‘s
investment space is getting smaller, and the RMB appreciation
trend has ceased, likely are the main cause of the FDI ‘s fall.
Mr. Deng, China-based economist: “Two causes
political and economic risks.
Chinese people are good at change,
to divert risks and scatter it.
Difficulties have already existed, because many problems
still remain, the hot money consistently flows in,
thus reality is consistently covered up,
many problems have been covered up."
Observers speculate that the recent antitrust probes into
foreign companies have scared foreign investors away.
Over the past few months, China launched an anti-monopoly
investigation which probes foreign companies
including Microsoft Corp, Qualcomm Inc., Audi AG,
Daimler AG and Chrysler.
The European Chamber of Commerce in China said that
amongst companies under investigation, some Chinese
companies have put similar practices in place that violate
the country ‘s law yet they haven ‘t been investigated.
In some cases, Chinese regulators requested foreign
companies not to question the investigation,
not to attend hearings with lawyers, and
not to ask help from their native countries.
The European Chamber of Commerce in China
said these moves are intimidations.
Jason Ma, US-based economic commentator: “Foreign firms
are worried about China ‘s investment environment.
In particular, they used anti-monopoly as an excuse to give
foreign companies a hard time, and certainly
they have other reasons.
China printed a great amount of RMB, its economic growth
declined, its real estate business faces crisis, the RMB
appreciation concept is gradually disappeared, thus the hot
money flowing into China decreases."
Mr. Deng: “There is no real anti-monopoly.
Anti-monopoly is its tactic, a method by which
the government can intervene.
This method is used to guide the economy in a good direction.
Meanwhile the focus is diverted away from internal conflicts."
In April, when the focus was on the case of Gu Junshan,
former deputy logistics chief in the army, German drug
maker GSK and other foreign firms faced a corruption
investigation.
Now, the anti-monopoly investigation into foreign firms
took place while the cases of Xu Caihou, deputy chairman of the military committee and Zhou Yongkang,
former Secretary of the Political and Legislative Affairs
Committee, was about to be announced in public.
In fact, increasingly more foreign firms
left China in recent years.
Google, Yahoo, Best Buy and Media Markt withdrew
from China.
The US cosmetic producer Revlon announced its withdrawal
of businesses in China and laid off 1,100 workers.
One of the world’s biggest cosmetic companies, France ‘s
L ‘Oreal, decided in January to pull its Garnier products in China.
Foreign companies remaining in China are struggling.
IBM says that their profits dropped 23 percent
last season in 2013.
French alcoholic beverage group Remy Cointreau
said that in the first three quarters of last year, Remy Martin sales had dropped over 30 percent.
Xinhua News Agency reported that five years ago in May,
when US businessmen faced the question of where to set up
a company next, nine out of 10 CEOs would respond
with China.
If faced with the same question now, as many as five CEOs
would answer America.
Within 10 years, about 200 American companies
have moved their factories home.
Interview & Edit/LiHui Post-Production/Chen Jianming
