【新唐人2014年03月12日讯】昆明事件3月1号发生后，中共领导人习近平和李克强，分别以“国安委主席”和“国安委副主席”的身份，出现在媒体上。而日前有消息传出，“中央国家安全委员会”的成员名单已经敲定，目前已经开始运转。有分析认为，“国安委”的正式启动，将彻底架空“政法委”。但法律界对于政法委的权力被削弱，态度并不乐观，因为即使政法委倒下了，但“国安委”会取而代之，权力虽然位移，但对司法的干预依旧。
据了解，去年中共十八届三中全会上决定设立的两大超级机构﹕“中央深改组”和“国安委”日前相继投入运作。
今年一月中共中央政治局决定，“国安委”由习近平出任主席，李克强、张德江担任副主席。张德江是新一届的全国人大委员长。
加拿大《星岛日报》报导，全国政协委员陈冀平透露，“国安委办公室”设在中共中央办公厅，由政治局委员，中办主任栗战书出掌。国安委常务委员包括中央政法委书记孟建柱等人。
陈冀平表示，国安委是中共党内机构，不会再成立国家机构，搞“一套人马，两块招牌”。陈冀平还说，“之前政法委干预个案的事多”。
据《德国之声》报导，《路透社》3月9号援引多名内部消息人士的话说，中共当局计划限制政法委权力，也就是“党的机关干预司法的权力”，今后，政法委对个案的影响力将会大幅减弱。
但法律界人士认为，虽然政法委的权力被削弱，并不能说明当局在司法治国上有了新的进步，也不等于中国的司法能够实现独立。
北京律师莫少平在接受《德国之声》采访时指出，无论政法委的权力是扩充还是缩小，都只不过是中共根据社会形势的变换而制定的不同策略而已，只是权宜之计，并不能解决根本问题。
原“北京大学”法学院讲师王天成则表示，中共当局在削弱政法委权力的实际运作过程中，能够多大程度上减少对司法的干预，他持怀疑态度。
原北京大学法学院讲师王天成：“我不认为它会改进中国的司法状况，因为它削政法委的权，它并没有同时确认中国要保证司法独立，共产党一贯是反对司法独立的，它认为司法系统需要在共产党的控制之下，也就是它所谓的党的领导。实际上以前共产党它们内部也不只一次说过﹕政法委不干预个案，但是它其实一直在干预。”
王天成还指出，在共产党一党专制的政治制度不变的前提下，司法不独立，法院必须接受共产党的“领导”，受共产党的控制，即使政法委权力真的被限制和削弱，也会有其他的途径和渠道继续干预司法。
据《美国之音》报导，“国家安全委员会”将在中共“两会”后召开第一次会议。
而陈冀平向《星岛日报》指出，“国安委”是一个综合性的机构，不光是政法系统，还包括军方、外事，及间谍等。他预计，“两会”后，“国安委”的细节肯定会逐渐对外公布。
对此，外界普遍认为，昔日凌驾于司法之上的“政法委”，将会彻底被新成立的“国家安全委员会”所取代。“政法委”所拥有的权力，也将在“国安委”得以延续，甚至进一步扩大。
王天成：“这个政法委削权呢，它一个大的背景就是成立了国安委。这样就是说，政法委的权削了，另外一个又起来了，它还是会干预。我相信有些事情，以前是政法委讨论的，现在拿到国安委来讨论了。”
据资料显示，“国安委”虽然不是政府机构，却由极为庞大的权力机构构成，其中包括公安、武警、司法、国安、军队、外交部、外宣办等部门，拥有的权力远远的超过了原来的政法委。因此法律界和民众担心，取代了政法委的“国安委”，将会使原本已经十分恶劣的大陆司法环境，变得更加恶劣。
采访编辑/张天宇 后制/李勇
Will the Political And Legislative Affairs Committee Be Replaced By The National Security Committee?
After the Kunming incident on March 1, Xi Jinping
and Li Keqiang’s names appeared in media coverage.
Titles such as Chairman and deputy Chairman
of the National Security Committee (NSC) were used.
Sources say that list of the NSC has been confirmed,
it has started working.
Analysts say that when the NSC becomes functional,
the Political and Legislative Affairs Committee (PLAC)
will completely collapse.
However, the legal circle isn’t optimistic
about the PLAC’s weakening power,
because although the PLAC is abolished,
the NSC can replace it.
The PLAC’s power will shift, but the continued intervention
in the judiciary system remains.
Sources say that the two major organs, Central Deepening
Reform and the NSC, which were established last year, now started operating.
In January, the Politburo appointed Xi Jinping as Chairman
of the NSC and Li Keqiang and Zhang Dejiang
as Deputy Chairmen.
Zhang Dejiang is the new Chairman of the National People’s
Congress Standing Committee.
Sing Tao newspaper in Canada reported that Chen Yiping,
member of the National Committee of the People’s Political
Consultative Conference (CPPCC) has revealed
that the NSC office is located in the Central General Office
and is being controlled by Li Zhanshu, head of General Office
and Meng Jianzhu, Secretary of the central PLAC.
Chen Yiping says that the NSC is a Communist Party organ,
there is no need to set up a stand alone one.
Chen says that “the PLAC has previously intervened
too much".
According to Deutsche Welle (DW), Reuters cited
insiders on March 9 who revealed that the central regime
limits PLAC’s power, which means the “party organs
intervened in judiciary power".
From now on, the PLAC will greatly reduce its influence
on individual cases.
However, legal experts comment that although
the PLAC’s power is weakening, it neither indicates
the regime has made progress with the judiciary system
nor means China’s judiciary will be independent.
Beijing lawyer Mo Shaoping told DW that no matter
whether the PLAC’s power has expanded or shrunk,
they are just different policies that were created according
to the needs of the social situation.
It won’t solve the fundamental problems.
Wang Tiancheng, former Lecturer of the Law School
at Peking University says that during the operation
of weakening the PLAC, it is unlikely that the regime
can reduce the intervention for judiciary in a large scale.
Wang Tiancheng: “I don’t think the regime can change
the current judiciary situation.
Because while it weakens the PLAC’s power, it doesn’t
ensure the independent of the judiciary system.
The communist party is always against
the judiciary’s independence.
It believes the judiciary should be under the communist
party’s control and under the party’s leadership.
Actually, the internal party has stated more than once that
the PLAC doesn’t intervene in cases, but it always does."
Wang Tiancheng points out that the judiciary
cannot be independent if the one-man rule’s political system
doesn’t change.
As the court must accept the party’s leadership,
and accept its control.
Even the PLAC’s power is really limited and weakened,
there will be another channel to continue its intervention.
According to Voice of America, the NSC will hold
its first meeting after the congress meetings.
Chen Yiping told the Sing Tao newspaper that the NSC
is a comprehensive organ.
It not only includes the PLAC sector, but also covers
the military, foreign affairs, spying, and more.
Chen estimates that after the congress meetings,
the details of the NSC will gradually be released.
Regarding this point, observers suggest that the PLAC,
which was above the law, will be completely replaced
by the newly established NSC.
The PLAC’s power will shift over to the NSC
and will be further expanded.
Wang Tiancheng: “Regarding the weakening of the PLAC,
it was under the condition of a new establishment of the NSC.
In other words, the PLAC’s power has been reduced,
meanwhile another one has been set up.
It still can intervene in the judiciary.
I believe that some issues have been discussed by the PLAC,
Now the NSC is discussing them again."
According to the sources, although the NSC isn’t
a governmental organ, it is formed by very large
constituted authorities.
It includes the Public Security, Armed Police, the Judiciary,
National Security, Military, Foreign Department,
Foreign Affairs Office and other departments.
Its power is far exceeded the PLAC’s.
Thus legal experts and the public are concerned
that the NSC replacement of the PLAC will likely
make the legislative environment, which is already very poor,
even worse.
Interview & Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/Li Yong
