【新唐人2014年03月01日讯】去年12月，中共废除了一直备受国际社会指责的劳教制度，不过在废除劳教之前，当局早已准备了《社区矫正法》，现在已经送往国务院审议，并在提交审议之前，各地已经实施。日前有律师团指出，《矫正法》违背宪法，比劳教更加邪恶，呼吁当局停止审议。
去年12月28号，中共人大常委会通过了废止劳教制度的决定。12月29号，大陆媒体发文指出，2003年，中共就开启了社区矫正试点，不过立法过程非常曲折，一直都在等待一个重要的日子让《社区矫正法》出台，而劳教制度退出之日，正是让《社区矫正法》出台之时。据了解，现在司法部已经提请国务院审议。
2月27号，大陆超过百名的律师和公民，发表《公民呼吁书》要求国务院，停止审议《社区矫正法》。他们认为当中的第四十四条、和第五十条规定违反宪法、侵犯人权。
《矫正法》第四十四条规定，社区服刑人员行使言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由权利等，应当经社区矫正机构批准。而被社区矫正的对像则包括﹕被判处管制、宣告缓刑、假释、暂予监外执行的罪犯，以及法律规定的其他罪犯。
《公民呼吁书》指出，《矫正法》剥夺了《宪法》赋予公民享有的言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威自由的权利。这类罪犯，大多数并没有被剥夺政治权利。
《公民呼吁书》还指出，《矫正法》第五十条规定的“进行心理干预”、和“社区矫正场所可以对矫正对像进行30天以下的集中管理”，则是侵犯人权。
大陆维权律师唐吉田：“一定程度上就相当于劳教的复活，黑监狱或者是洗脑班，把它们用非法的东西，表面上形式合法化了。”
在西方社会，社区矫正是一种非监禁的刑罚执行活动，是对罪犯的宽容和人格的尊重，有利于罪犯回归家庭和社会，体现的是刑罚执行中的人道主义关怀，但还是由司法机关监管。
而《社区矫正法》第7条规定，各级人民政府及其派出机构，居民委员会、村民委员会等群众自治组织，配合专门的国家机关，开展社区矫正。
另外《矫正法》的第八条规定，县级人民政府、司法行政部门、和社区矫正机构，负责执行社区矫正，承担社区矫正日常工作。
南京东南大学法学教授张赞宁：“这个法规是违犯《宪法》的，它扩大了行政权，行政权不应当包括有司法权，如果一旦滥用的话，就有可能把全国变成一个大监狱。”
实际上在废除劳教之前，大陆媒体报导，司法部已经将《中华人民共和国社区矫正法》纳入立法规划。全国各地也早已开始实施。据司法部统计，目前有66.7万人正接受社区矫正。
张赞宁：“没生效之前就已经执行了，这也是违法的。”
南京“东南大学”法学教授张赞宁还指出，《矫正法》中的第六条，规定的司法行政机关、监狱管理机关、审判机关、检察机关、公安机关等，作为承担社区矫正任务的专门国家机关，造成职责混乱。
另外《矫治法》第十三条规定，审判机关应听取检察机关、辩护律师、司法行政机关、公安机关、监狱管理机关的量刑建议。
张赞宁：“审判机关他是中立的，一边是控方、一边是辩方，你又把司法行政机关、公安机关、监狱管理机关加进来，要听取他们量刑意见，违犯了我们的刑罚和刑事诉讼法了。”
大陆《权利运动》创始人胡军指出，中共的《矫正法》是把社会变成监狱，可能会像“城管”一样，雇佣一些临时工来管理，不但增加了民众的税收负担，出现命案和社会混乱时，中共又会说是临时工干的。
采访编辑/刘惠 后制/萧宇
Lawyers: Community Correction Law Is Unconstitutional
Prior to the abolition of the Labor Camp system in China
last December, the Marxist regime had already prepared
the abhorrent Community Correction Law.
While the law is still being reviewed by the State Council,
this law had been implemented in a number of places before
it was delivered to the State Council.
Chinese lawyers point out that the Chinese Community Correction
Law violates the Constitution, and is more loathsome and
terrifying than the Labor Camp system.
Lawyers call on the authorities to stop the review.
The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress
adopted a decision on the abolition of the Labor Education system
on Dec. 28 last year.
On the next day, Chinese media revealed that pilot stations of
Community Correction have been implemented since 2003.
The tortuous legislative process has slowed down the
introduction of the Community Corrections Law.
The day of abolition of the Labor Camp system has thus become
the day to start the Correction Law.
The Ministry of Justice has submitted the law to the State
Council for review.
On Feb. 27, more than 100 lawyers and citizens issued a
“citizen appeal" to the State Council, demanding to stop
reviewing the Community Correction Law.
They believe that Articles 44 and 50 are particularly
unconstitutional and violate human rights.
Article 44 provides:
that while exercising the rights of speech, press, assembly,
association, procession and demonstration, approval shall
be obtained through the Community Correction center.
Those who breach this Article are offenders to be detained,
on probation, parole, and temporary probation.
The “citizen appeal" stated that this Article abolishes rights of
speech, press, assembly, association, procession and
demonstration provided by the Constitution.
Criminals listed in the Article are those who still keep their
political rights.
The “citizen appeal" also noted that Article 50 of the
Correction Law provides “psychological intervention" and
“centralized detention of 30 days or less", as a violation of
human rights.
Human rights lawyer Tang Jitian: “To some extent, the damage
is greater than the labor camp.
The illegality of the labor camp is easy to identify.
However, in the name of Community Correction Law,
all the illegal measures of the Labor Camp will become legalized."
In Western society, Community Correction is a non-custodial
Sentence.
There is a tolerance and respect for the offender.
It provides opportunities for the offenders to return to family
and society, reflecting humanity in the punishment, and is
regulated by the judiciary system.
The Chinese Community Correction Law Article 7 stipulates
that Local Government
and its mass organizations such as the Neighborhood Committees
and Village Committees will collaborate with specialized state
agencies in developing the Community Corrections.
In addition, Article 8 regulates, that the county level government,
judicial and administrative departments, and Community
Correction agencies are responsible for implementing
Community Corrections and its tasks.
Law professor Zhang Zanning, Nanjing Southeast University:
“This legislation is a violation of the Constitution.
It expands the executive power over the jurisdiction.
This abusive regulation will turn the entire state into a big prison."
In fact, before the abolition of labor camp, Chinese media had
reported that the Justice Department has adopted the Community
Correction Law into the legislative plan.
The implementation has already begun across the country.
According to Justice Department statistics, there are currently
667,000 people receiving Community Correction.
Law professor Zhang Zanning: “Implementation before it’s
effective is also violating the law."
Law professor Zhang Zanning points out, the Article 6 in the
Community Correction Law provides,
that the judicial and administrative authorities, prison authorities,
judicial and procuratorial organs, and public security organs,
take over the Community Correction tasks. This is causing
confusion of state organs’ duties.
In addition, Article 13 regulates that the judicial organs should,
pay attention to sentencing recommendations from the
procuratorate, the defense counsel, judicial and administrative
authorities, police authorities, and prison authorities.
Law professor Zhang Zanning: “The judiciary organs should
be neutral towards both sides, the prosecution and the defense.
Including the opinions on sentencing from the judiciary,
administration, police, and prison, violates the process of law."
Human Rights Campaign in China founder Hu Jun indicates,
the CCP’s Correction Law is turning the society into a prison.
It is very likely to develop like the City Urban Administrative
and Law Enforcement Bureau, commonly known as Chengguan.
Temporary workers will be hired to manage the correction centers.
It will not only increase the tax burden of the people,
but also allow the CCP to escape the responsibility when murders
and chaos occur, blaming those temporary workers as the culprits.
Interview & Edit/Liu Hui Post-Production/Xiao Yu
