【新唐人2013年10月15日讯】英国知名杂志《经济学人》，拥有全球广大的读者群，其中包括具有巨大影响力的各国决策者和企业家。最新一期的《经济学人》刊登文章表示，中国北方缺水，补救计划饮鸩止渴。文章大大的批评了中共当局所开展的南水北调工程，以及三峡水坝和河川污染问题。接下来请看报导。
最新一期的《经济学人》报导，中国有雾霾、生态环境破坏等问题，但只要询问任何一个环境问题专家，他们都会回答说，中国面临的最严重问题是“水”。
英国广播公司《BBC》13号引述《经济学人》的文章说，中国的水资源五分之四分布在南方，但全中国有一半的人口和三分之二的耕地却集中在北方。中国每年用水6000亿立方米，人均用水量每年400立方米。但北京的缺水堪比沙特阿拉伯，人均每年只有100立方米。自1970年代以来，北京的地下水位已经下降了300米。
大陆民间水利专家张峻峰：“按照人口比例来说，人均用水量严重缺乏，拿北京做例子，北京人均用水量大约在110立方米每人每年，相当于世界用水量的十分之一。”
据中共喉舌媒体《中新社》报导，中共科学院院士刘昌明，9月参加一个论坛会议时表示，河北省近年来地下水下降速度惊人，上世纪50-60年代，地下水在2-3米左右，现在下降到20-30米。
《经济学人》说，由于过分用水，中国的很多河流干涸消失。更为雪上加霜的是，中国还在继续污染所剩不多的水资源。2007年，黄河水利委员会沿着13000公里的黄河调研，结果发现黄河沿岸建了4000个石化工厂，三分之一的黄河水甚至都不适用于灌溉。
而中共环保部8月20号公布的《2013年上半年全国环境品质状况》中也披露﹕今年上半年在全中国的地标水控断面中，出现了22次的重金属超标现象，严重的汞污染超标九倍、砷次之﹔地区中天津海河流域最为严重。
张峻峰：“工业的污染还是局限于具体的河流，生活污染和工业污染几乎都是属于线状的，农药的污染属于面状这样一个状况。”
2010年，由中国地质调查局进行的一项研究表明，中国华北平原75%以上的地下水，未经适当净化，无法直接饮用。
今年，中国地质调查局发布了另一份关于中国地面污染的报告，最新的数字显示，中国90％的地下水受到污染，其中很大一部分受到了严重污染。
《经济学人》的文章还指出，中共领导人应对水资源问题的办法，就是兴建水利项目。但文章警告，三峡水库以及更大规模的南水北调工程，对环境的破坏将是巨大的。
时事评论员 林子旭：“中国目前的环境危机完完全全就是中共一手造成的，中共夺权初期，他们抱着改天换地的可笑思想胡作非为，到了今天中共的官员为了政绩、为了个人利益更加变本加厉的破坏着中国的环境。”
中共的三峡工程、南水北调工程投资几千亿，却备受争议。大量资金投入是否能解决水灾及北方干旱的问题﹖是否会给地质带来意想不到的破坏﹖尤其2008年发生汶川大地震后，更引发了大陆内、外水利专家要求拆除三峡大坝的浪潮。
而2010年中国西南大旱、2011年长江中下游干旱，这些都引发大众对南水北调工程的质疑。南方是否有足够的水资源可以调配给北方﹖当面临气候变化时，南水北调工程是否对长江流域的生态环境产生深远的影响﹖都令百姓担忧。
英国杂志最后结论说，水危机让中共当局“病急乱投医”，但却根本于事无补。
采访编辑/田净 后制/钟元
The Economist: Questions Over Northern China Water Shortage Project
Prominent UK publication The Economist
has a large global audience, including
influential policy-makers and entrepreneurs.
The latest issue published an article criticizing
water shortage remediation plans in northern China.
It criticized the Chinese authorities carrying out
the south-to-north water transfer project, as well
as the Three Gorges dam and river pollution.
Let’s look at the report.
The latest issue of The Economist reported on China’s
dense pollution haze and environmental destruction.
It also indicated environmental experts consensus that
the most serious problem facing China is it’s water .
On October 13, the BBC quoted The Economist article.
It said that four-fifths of water sources
are distributed in the South of China.
However, half of the population, and two thirds of
the arable land are concentrated in North of China.
China has 600 billion cubic meters of water usage per year,
and 400 cubic meters water consumption per capita per year.
Beijing’s water shortage is now comparable
to Saudi Arabia’s, with 100 cubic meters
of water consumption per person per year.
Since the 1970s, Beijing’s water
table has dropped 300 meters.
Zhang Junfeng, China water expert: “China is suffering
from severe shortages of water available for consumption
per capita, according to the proportion of the population.
For example, Beijing has 110 cubic meters
of water per capita per year for consumption.
This is equivalent to one-tenth of the world standard."
State-controlled Chinese media reported that Liu Changming,
who is an academic from the Chinese Academy of Sciences
attended a forum meeting in September.
He said that Hebei groundwater has declined
at an incredible speed during recent years.
The groundwater was 2-3 meters deep in the
50’s and 60’s, and is now 20 to 30 meters deep.
The Economist reported that due to excessive
water use, many rivers have disappeared.
It is even worse that China continues
to pollute it’s few remaining water sources.
In 2007, the Yellow River water resources committee did
research along the 13,000 kilometers of Yellow River.
It found that around 4,000 petrochemical
factories were built along the river system.
Almost a third of the Yellow River water
was now not useable for irrigation.
On August 20, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Environment Ministry announced it’s “national
environment quality report for the first half of 2013″.
It indicates that safety levels have
been exceeded with 22 heavy metals.
Severe mercury pollution has exceeded safe levels
by nine times, and is closely followed by arsenic.
Tianjin’s Haihe River Basin is most
severely impacted by pollution.
Zhang Junfeng: “Industrial pollution
is still limited to specific river pollution.
Domestic pollution and industrial pollution are linear
trends, while pesticide contamination is planar."
In 2010, China Geological Survey conducted a study.
It showed that more than 75% of groundwater under the
North China Plain cannot be used because of impurity.
This year, the China Geological Survey issued
another report on ground contamination levels.
Latest figures show 90% of China’s groundwater is
contaminated, with a large proportion severely polluted.
The article went on to say that the CCP leaders have
reacted to water problems by building engineering projects.
The Three Gorges dam and South-North Water Diversion
Project could cause enormous damage to the environment.
Lin Zixu, current affairs commentator: “The current
environmental problems are entirely caused by the CCP.
A fundamental CCP ideology is to
control and change heaven and earth.
Nowadays, CCP officials want to show off their
achievements, and to obtain personal interests.
Therefore, it intensifies the destruction of the environment."
The CCP has invested several hundred billion dollars in the
Three Gorges Dam and South-North Water Diversion Project.
This has aroused many controversies.
Can investment of a great amount of money solve
the problems of flooding and drought in the North?
Or could it bring some unexpected geological damage?
After the Wenchuan earthquake took place in 2008,
water experts both inside and outside China raised
demands for removing the Three Gorges Dam.
In 2010, Southwest China was hit by severe drought.
In 2011, midstream and downstream
of the Yangze River were in drought.
This provoked the public to question
the South-North Water Diversion Project.
Is there sufficient water resources in
the South to be diverted to the North?
When the climate changes, will the South-North
Water Diversion Project impact the Yangtze River’s
ecological environment? People are very worried.
The Economist concludes that this water crisis is driving
China to desperate, but ultimately unhelpful measures.
