【新唐人2013年02月16日讯】2013年中共“中央一号文件”提出：发展家庭农场，鼓励和支持承包土地向专业大户、家庭农场、农民合作社流转。不过专家认为，“家庭农场”的概念不合时宜，而且“土地可以向专业大户流转”，是共产党正式向农村掠夺土地的开始。一旦土地集中流转以后，众多失地农民将像当年工人下岗一样，没有其他谋生手段，随时都会一无所有。
所谓“中央一号文件”，已经成为中共中央针对“农村问题”的专有名词。
2013年的一号文件首次提出“家庭农场”概念，鼓励和支持农民承包土地并且向“专业大户、家庭农场、农民合作社流转”。有网民担忧，土地转让集中后，谁来维护众多失地农民的权益？
美国“南卡罗来纳大学艾肯商学院”教授，中国问题专家谢田博士表示，“家庭农场”概念，和世界农业现代化的趋势，显然背道而行。
美国“南卡罗来纳大学艾肯商学院”教授谢田：“因为中国农业实际上如果真向现代化发展的话，必须走大农场的概念，走向机械化的概念，走向美国农业的概念，而大农业机械化土地必需连在一起，它现在以家庭成员作为主要劳动力，不是像地主一样的可以大量的雇用农业工人来作，所以这实际上是很荒唐的，和世界农业现代化的趋势显然是相违反的。”
据农业部官员解释，“家庭农场”是指以家庭成员为主要劳动力，从事农业规模化、商品化生产经营，并以农业收入为家庭主要收入来源的农业经营主体，主要在推进现代农业的发展。
谢田：“中共每年的一号文件，都是关于农业的，过去大概十几年来都是这样，那今天可能改头换面，提出家庭农场的概念，从农业现代化的趋势上是落后的，从法律制度上是反动的，实际上是给权贵阶层以机会，可以大量的去截取农民的土地，一号文件也好，家庭农场也好，实际上就是一个……共产党的最后一次掠夺正式的开始。”
谢田进一步介绍，所谓“土地可以向专业大户流转”的后果。
谢田：“但是它又提到说，这些家庭农场承包的土地可以向专业大户流转，我觉得这实际上就是给中共新的权贵阶层开了绿灯，给他们创造了大量吞并这样一个方便之门，房地产业的发展，实际上就是把城市周边的土地，农田变成城市的土地，而大量的盖房子，让中共的贪官赚了一大笔钱，现在等于把他们的触角伸向广大的真正的农田，农村的土地。”
据统计，中共当局已在上海松江、湖北武汉、吉林延边和浙江宁波等地建立6,670多个家庭农场。
北京《国情内参》期刊首席研究员巩胜利：“这项政策…你想想看，一个政策，一个国家的法律，连续二、三十年都不能到达位置，而且今天变明天变，变来变去，这个国家怎么不紊乱啊?据资料统计，中国到2012年底，中国城镇化程度已经达到……这是中国官方的数据，达到了51%，我估计中国城镇化可能要达到70%以上。”
有网民指出，当局催生“家庭农场”，实际上是通过土地流转，将农村土地逐步转让给种植大户，貌似可提高生产效率，问题是，将土地转让出去，为数更多的农民怎么办？土地流转真正是为了谁的利益？也有网民认为，重要的是让农民分流，或成为农业工人，或成为技术工人，千万不能像当年工人下岗一样，没有其他谋生手段，随时都会一无所有。
北京《国情内参》期刊首席研究员巩胜利认为，一号文件越多，对中国的稳定性越麻烦，因为说明国家作不了主，让党的文件来作事，巩胜利说，这些文件出笼，中国基本上无法真正法治化。
采访/刘惠 编辑/周平 后制/孙宁
The Last Communist Plunder Starts
Document No. 1 issued by the Chinese Communist Party’s
Central Committee advocates family farms in China.
It encourages and supports the resale of contracted lands to
large farming contractors, family farms, and to farmer co-ops.
Experts say that the family farm policy is improper in China.
The permission for concentrated land resale to large farming
contractors signals the CCP’s plundering has started in rural areas.
Landless peasants will soon face the same plight as
laid-off urban workers, deprived of a means of living.
The term “Document No. 1 issued by the CCP Central
Committee" refers to the specific Party policy on rural issues".
The 2013 Document No. 1 for the first time puts forth
a concept of the “family farm".
It encourages and supports farmers to contract lands and
to “resell them to large professional farming contractors, family farms, to farmers co-ops.”
Some netizens asked, after high volumes of land resale,
who will safeguard the rights and interests of landless peasants?
Dr. Xie Tian, professor at University of South Carolina-Aiken,
says that “family farm" is a notion contradicting the trend of agricultural modernization.
Prof. Xie Tian: “The modernization of China’s agriculture
has to take the path of large-scale mechanized farming, like that in the U.S..
But that should be based on stretched lands.
Now China encourages family members to serve as
primary farm labor forces.
They cannot hire as many farm laborers as landlords did
in the past.
So the policy is ludicrous, it’s clearly against the trend of
agricultural modernization.”
The CCP agricultural authorities define the “family farm" as
referring to family members who form the main labor force
to scale up agricultural commercial production and operation.
The authorities call such households farm business entities,
with farming income as their major source of income.
They are established with the goal of advancing the
modernization of agriculture.
Xie Tian: “Each year, the Document No. 1 is about
agricultural policy, the CCP has done this all these years.
Now it puts forward the concept of a family farm.
The policy is backward in terms of agricultural modernization.
Legally, it’s reactive but creates chances for the privileged
strata to grab land on a large scale.
So either it’s Document No. 1 or in the name of family farm,
in essence, it marks the beginning of CCP’s last plunder.”
Xie Tian analyzes the aftermath of the policy of
“reselling lands to large professional farming contractors”.
Xie Tian: “It also advocates resale of family contracted lands
to large professional farming contractors.
I view it as a green light given to CCP newborn top strata.
This helps corrupt CCP officials to get large-scale land
acquisitions to make big money.
That is, turning peri-urban farmlands into urban lands to
build a lot of houses.”
Reportedly, the CCP authorities have established
over 6,600 family farms in Songjiang, Wuhan, Yanbian, Ningbo, among others.
(Chief researcher, China Realities Insight Journal)
Gong Shengli: “The CCP’s policy has been subject to change
For over 20 years, how can this country not be disordered?
The official data shows that by the end of 2012, China has
51% urbanization, the actual figure is over 70%, I think.”
Some netizens have questioned the Family Farm policy.
They said that the authorities’ advocacy of land resale to
large planting contractors seemingly helps improve production efficiency.
Yet the problem is, with vast land resale,
what is to be done for all those landless farmers?
Who are the real beneficiaries of the land resale?
Some have commented that it’s important to resettle
farmers, to make them become farm or skilled workers.
Otherwise, they’ll be like laid-off urban workers, without any
other means of living, and so living on almost nothing.
Gong Shengli said that the longer Document No. 1 is issued,
the more unstable China will become.
Since the practice indicates that only Party documents
have the decisive say on state affairs in China.
These Party documents have actually made the rule of law
impossible in China, Gong remarks.
