【新唐人2013年02月15日讯】美国总统欧巴马2月12号在美国首都华盛顿国会山庄，发表国情咨文演说。欧巴马在讲话中强调网络安全问题，当天并且签署行政命令，帮助保护关键的美国行业电脑网络，免于网络攻击，并催促国会立法采取进一步措施。专家分析欧巴马在向中共发出强烈警告。
欧巴马在一年一度的国情咨文里说，美国的敌人在“寻求破坏我们的电网，我们的金融机构和我们的空中交通控制系统的能力。” “现在，国会必须立法，给予我们政府更大的能力来保卫我们的网络以及阻遏攻击。”
欧巴马的行政命令，要求在关键的经济领域，比如银行、电力和交通行业，建立一个保护电脑系统的自愿标准。他也指示美国国防部和情报机构跟这些公司分享机密的威胁数据。这个命令将允许监管基础设施，比如大坝、电网和金融机构的公司，加入一项实验性计划，政府将向承包商提供有关网络威胁的即时报告。
“纽约城市大学”政治学教授夏明介绍欧巴马的国情咨文内容，他说，欧巴马首先谈到美国面临的挑战和威胁。他先点了三个国家，一个是北韩，一个是伊朗，指出他们在核武器上的挑衅，威胁国际和平。然后谈到俄国，他希望加强核武器方面的合作。然后，欧巴马很快转入美国网络安全问题。
纽约城市大学政治学教授夏明：“（欧巴马）提出美国现在受到的国家安全最大威胁来自于网络入侵。而且谈到网络对美国政治，经济，金融，和美国个人生活都形成巨大威胁的国家安全问题。虽然没有点中国的名，但是我们都知道，就在国情咨文之前，在过去的几个星期，美国的媒体主要谈的网络攻击主要来自于一个国家，就是中国。”
夏明分析说，欧巴马总统有关网络安全的讲话，就像是在进行全国动员令，他认为，中美网络战争已经开战。
夏明：“当美国总统今天又签署了网络安全行政命令，我觉得这点就非常清楚了。他们认为，第一，网络安全现在是对美国的国家安全形成的最大挑战。第二，显然这个挑战来自于中国。第三，现在他们要进行全国一种协调，要在国家层面协调私营企业和美国各部门。”
据《纽约时报》报导说，黑客越来越利用安全缺失，得以进入美国最重要的基础设施。根据国土安全部的报告，国土安全部已经以“惊人的频率”，处理了对石油管道和电网组织的入侵。去年国土安全部收到198次针对美国关键基础设施系统的攻击报告。有几次攻击成功进行。黑客去年侵入几个天然气管道系统，并盗窃了“可能方便远端非授权操作”的数据。
夏明分析说，在接下来的行动当中，美国需要把所有公司、大学、个人用户受到的网络攻击信息汇总，评估中国对美国全方位网络攻击的规模、深度和频率。除了加强防御，美国或许也会主动进攻。
夏明：“现在我们看到，各个部门尤其国防部大量招募黑客，由他们进行网络安全方面的工作。因为美国有世界上最优秀的创新人才，我觉得美国也会采取适当的措施对中国的网络进行反击，甚至进行攻击。尤其像中国的防火墙，美国恐怕也不会被动的让中国对美国进行攻击，我想美国恐怕会协调行动，对中国采取的破坏网络开放性和自由性的基础设施，我想恐怕也会进行攻击。”
夏明分析说，美国政府一直在帮助开发突破防火墙的软件，包括“自由门”等。此外，夏明认为，中美要博弈的话，需要让对方相信自己掌握有更高的技术制高点，美国一定要在网络战争上显示出实力，不能输给中国。
采访编辑/秦雪 后制/肖颜
US to Strengthen Network Security
US President Barack Obama had the State of the Union (SU)
speech in Capitol Hill in Washington DC, on February 12.
Obama stressed the issue of network security in his speech,
and signed an executive order to help protect critical US industrial computer networks against cyber-attacks.
Obama urged congressional legislation to take further measures.
Experts analyze that Obama issued a strong warning
to China’s Communist Party (CCP).
Obama said in his annual SU address: “Now our enemies are
also seeking the ability to sabotage our power grid, our financial institutions, our air traffic control systems.”
“Now Congress must act, as well, by passing legislation
to give our government a greater capacity to secure our networks and deter attacks.”
The executive orders and requirements establish a voluntary
standard to protect the computer system in key economic areas, like banks, power grids and transportation industries.
Obama also indicates that the US Department of Defense
and intelligence agencies share confidential data with these companies.
These orders allow companies regulating infrastructures,
like dams, power grids and finance, to join an experimental program.
The government will provide the contractor
with instant reports about network threats.
New York City University political science professor
Xia Ming discussed Obama’s State of the Union speech.
Xia said, Obama firstly talked about the challenges
and threats the US is facing.
Obama discussed North Korea and Iran, and their possession
of nuclear weapons, which threatens international peace.
Then, Obama talked about Russia and his hopes
to strengthen cooperation in nuclear weapons’ efforts.
Later, US’ network security issues were brought up.
Xia Ming: “(Obama) pointed out that the US’ largest
national security threat comes from network intrusion.
He talked how this has brought a big threat to national
security, including politics, economy, finance, civilian lives.
Though China was not mentioned, in the past few weeks US
media talked about cyber-attacks from one country. China.”
Xia Ming analyzed Obama’s speech about network security,
saying it was like a national mobilization order.
Xia believes the cyber war between China and US has started.
Xia Ming: “Today the US president signed the network
security executive order, I think this is very obvious.
Firstly, they believe network security is the largest challenge
of US national security.
Secondly, obviously this challenge comes from China.
Thirdly, now they want to carry out nationwide coordination
to coordinate the private enterprises and departments at the national level.”
According to reports from The New York Times, the hackers
increasingly use the lack of security to get access to the most important infrastructures in the US.
Department of Homeland Security (DHS) reports, invasions
of the oil’ and power grid’ systems has been happening with “alarming frequency.”
Last year DHS received 198 reports regarding cyber-attacks
towards key US infrastructure systems, with several of those attacks being successful.
Hackers invaded several natural gas pipeline systems in 2012,
and stole data to “facilitate remote unauthorized operation.”
Xia Ming believes that the US needs to collect cyber-attacks’
data from all the companies, universities and individual users.
This will be used to assess the scale, depth,
and frequency of the cyber-attacks from China.
In addition to strengthen its defense,
the US may also take the initiative to attack.
Xia Ming: “Various departments, especially the Department
of Defense are recruiting hackers on a grand scale, who will carry out work on network security.
Because the US has the world’s best creative talents,
I think the US will also take appropriate measures to fight back against China, and even attack.
Especially the firewall of China,
the US will not passively allow China to attack.
I think the US will probably coordinate actions, and attack
the infrastructures which are used against network openness and freedom in China.”
Xia Ming said. the US government has been helping develop
breakthrough firewall software, including “Freegate”.
Xia believes, if China and the US start this game, they need
to let the other believe they own higher technical capabilities.
The US must show it’s strength in network battles,
and cannot lose to China.
