【新唐人2013年01月19日讯】近年来，在中国号称所谓“国考”的国家公务员考试热的烫手，报考人数逐年攀升。而最近一则硕士生应聘哈尔滨环卫工的新闻，也是热的烫手。对于具有专业知识的研究生，却立志于月收入仅仅1500元的环卫工人职位，是就业的压力﹖还是硕士生贬值了。有分析指出，其实环卫工作是跳板，当官才是目地。事实果真如此吗？让我们听听社会专家和学生他们怎么说。
落选哈尔滨环卫工招考的硕士生王洋说，“就算是死，我也要死在编制里。”死在编制里，成为最近最热的网络流行语之一。
落选研究生的一句话引起千层浪，中国高学历研究生的就业问题再度浮出台面。有人质疑，难道十年寒窗苦读，一切就是为了“扫大街”？事实上，很多高学历的学生眼里，只要是带编制的工作，即使是做清洁工，也在所不惜。
据调查，2013届毕业生最愿意去的单位是国有企业。
深圳当代社会观察研究所所长刘开明：“这确实反映了现在非常大的社会问题，那么多的精英都往体制跑，原因在于体制，还有机关公务员，有些编制的事业单位的人员，他们的工资福利非常好，而且还有很多灰色、甚至黑色的收入，这样就导致了很多的年轻人趋之若鹜，从个案来说，确实是很严重的，因为他所受的高等教育完全是荒废了。”
“深圳当代社会观察研究所”所长刘开明认为，这个现象反映了中共官员选拔方面有问题，整个体制内的政府和事业单位，各种管理阶层人员的提拔，实际上是不对社会上开放的，而是通过体制内部提拔，这才是编制的最大诱惑！
刘开明：“实际上也是他进了这个编制，他受过高等教育硕士学位的人，很容易能够升迁，他做环卫工人不会超过三年，就有机会升到基层的领导，甚至中高层领导，这样的话，他所谓死要死在编制里，显然不是死也要做编制内的环卫工人，而是要进入里面做官。”
网路转载“武大学长的一封信”，信中提到，就业一直是中国大学生的敏感话题，而现在充斥校园的是，对中国教育的反感，对中国体制的漫骂，对自己前途的没有信心。
大陆应届研究生陈先生：“研究生的学费也挺贵的，但是整个对社会来说，价值都没体现出来，应该有一个规划，我感觉应该制订一个详细的规划，每年大概能需要多少，然后我招多少，就业的时候怎样去分配，怎样去刺激这些人去就业。”
这位大陆陈姓应届研究所学生说，政府没有规划，每年录取这么多的研究生，既浪费国家资源，又浪费学生的时间，连带整个社会的生产能力和运作能力都下降。
陈先生：“你看有的人学马克思主义哲学，这种专业研究生，你说这种专业能干嘛﹖什么样的企业需要你这种专业研究生？或者社会主义建设，这样的研究生除了考公务员，你还能干嘛﹖国家就是为了收学费，然后死命死命招，基本上想考的话，你随便都能考上，然后就业时候就不一定了，真的没什么工作。”
根据统计显示，从1994年到2000年期间，累计参加公务员考试的人数大约4万多人。自2009年以后，中国每年参加公务员考试的年轻人超过100万人，2013年报考人数更是达到156万人。
据了解，哈尔滨市举行环卫系统公开招聘人员，录取的448名环卫工人当中，共有7名是研究生学历。
网友感叹：为了一个研究生，人们起早贪黑的苦读书，而等拿到了研究生，又要起早贪黑去扫地，知识就这么被灰尘淹没了……。
采访/朱智善 编辑/黄亿美 后制/郭敬
China’s Postgraduates: “Dying for Getting Government Jobs"
In recent years, the civil service exam in China is become
very popular, with a growing number of applicants yearly.
This was also seen in the recent recruitment
of sanitation workers in the city of Harbin.
This low paid job has seen heavy competition,
even among graduates with Masters’ degrees.
Is this a reflection of employment pressures
or is it the devaluation of Master’s degrees?
Observers think that the sanitation
worker job acts as a springboard.
The goal of the well-educated
applicants is to become officials.
Let’s look at what is happening in today’s China.
Wang Yang, an excluded candidate for Harbin’s
sanitation worker recruitment, is a Master’s graduate.
He said, “I would even die to become
a government institution employee.”
Thus, a new term was created, that
of “dying for getting government jobs".
Nationwide public concern is growing towards employment
issues for China’s well-educated job seekers.
Some question why graduates, after years of hard
study, are competing to be street sweepers?
In reality, lots of well-educated applicants in China think
it is worthwhile to get any public service job, even a cleaner.
Reportedly, the most attractive workplace for 2013
college graduates are state-owned enterprises.
Liu Kaiming, Director of a civil think tank in Shenzhen:
“It really mirrors a big social problem.
So many elites are seeking government jobs
now, and the root cause is the political system.
Another reason is that these civil servants earn enviable
salaries and benefits, plus gray and under-the-table incomes.
That’s why state jobs can attract so many young people.
In this recent case, I think being a street cleaner
makes the young man discard his good education.”
Liu Kaiming says this fact reflects a flawed
mechanism for the regime’s official selection.
In China, public service job openings and opportunities
for managerial promotion are actually behind closed doors.
All are internally selected, which is the greatest attraction.
Liu Kaiming: “If he enters a government institution,
he can easily get promotion with his master’s degree.
He’ll work as a cleaner for no more than three years.
But he’ll gain a chance to be promoted as a grass-roots
leader, or even to a middle-level or high-level leader.
So his claim of dying for getting a government job
refers to the chance of being a leader.
It is not for being a cleaner forever.”
A letter from a Wuhan University graduate
is being widely circulated on the internet.
It said that employment issues have long been
a sensitive topic among China’s college students.
Now college campuses are filled with resentment toward
China’s education, and abuse of China’s political system.
Students are despairing at their own future.
Mr. Chen, Masters student in China:
“Postgraduate tuition fees are quite high.
However, the value hasn’t
really been recognized in society.
I think the authorities should make a detailed plan on
graduate student enrolment and their job placements.”
Mr. Chen says the flood of unplanned graduate student
enrolment wasted national resources, and students’ time.
This has resulted in low social
productivity and operating capability.
Mr. Chen: “Such as enrollments
to study the philosophy of Marxism.
What kind of enterprise needs graduates with such a major?
Another example is the major in Socialist Construction.
Besides applying for civil service employment,
what else can these graduates do after graduation?
In order to collect money, the authorities’ graduate
student enrollment has been over subscribed.
It’s easy to get enrolled, but once a student
has graduated, no jobs await them.”
Public data shows that in the period 1994-2000, over
40,000 people in China sat civil service examinations.
Since 2009, the number of applicants soared to over 1 million.
In 2013, over 1.5 million people applied for civil service jobs.
Media reported that among Harbin’s 448 sanitation
worker recruits, there are seven graduate students.
A netizen commented in a post, “In order to get a
Master’s degree, students have to toil in their studies.
But when they have it, they’ll toil again to sweep the
streets. Their knowledge, in this way, is buried in dust…”
