【新唐人2012年11月09日讯】世界媒体都在高度关注中共十八大的召开，不同国家的媒体不约而同的都把焦点放在中共的改革上，而中国老百姓心里，究竟对政治体制改革如何理解？
大陆官方媒体《环球时报》旗下的环球舆情调查中心，今年三月所作的民意调查显示，超过8成的受访者支持中国开展政改，不过，有超过7成的受访者表示，对政治体制改革的内涵不清楚或不理解，只有28.2%的受访者表示清楚政治体制改革的内涵。但他们理解的政改是什么，调查并没有给予询问。
《环球时报》旗下的环球舆情调查中心，在全国7个具有代表性的城市进行民意调查，在被问及应在哪些方面深化政治体制改革时，大多数受访者认为是“各级政府进一步接受群众和媒体的社会监督”，“反腐力度应进一步加强”，“政务信息更加公开、透明”，以及“政治决策过程应越来越民主科学”，《德国之声》报导说，“俨然政改就是对政府施政的改良”。
《德国之声》北京观察栏目提出，中共领导层所谓的政改是：不能威胁一党专政；而“中国式政改”或许只是“纸上谈兵”。
旅美民运人士蔡桂华向《新唐人》表示，胡锦涛在十八大上提出七点改革的方向，但都隐含着一条具体的内容，就是：必须先确定他在党内的地位，在他的理论框架下进行改革。
旅美民运人士蔡桂华：“至于说这七点真正要做到什么样，真正要做到落到实处，我就觉得这些是漂亮的口号，漂亮的言辞。中国的一部宪法和一部法律，真正…里面（规章）做到多少呢？可以说绝大部分 都做不到，完全都做不到，反过来说变成了一个绝对的权力，绝对的腐败。”
蔡桂华说，在一党专政的垄断下谈改革，都是空谈。因为一党操作的话，只是换汤不换药，没有多大改革的意义。
美国乔治梅森大学教授章天亮也表示，对于政治体制改革，官方的说法和民间不一样。中共也讲政改，但，实际上，在一党专政、党禁、报禁方面并没有改革。章天亮说，中共当局所谓的政改，其实是一些行政手续方面的变化，并没有触及中国根本的问题。
章天亮：“如果开放党禁、报禁、民间结社的话，那么就会出现一个在选举中打败共产党的团体，所以共产党是绝对不会放弃的，对他们来说权利不仅仅是谋取好处，更重要的是保证他们自身安全，保证他们犯的罪恶不会被民众所监督或者说审判。”
而蔡桂华还表示，中国真正的能够走上民主的道路，必须建立多党制、开放报禁、党禁，让民间的舆论有自由发挥的空间，让舆论能够起到监督的作用。
蔡桂华：“另外，民间社会有组党的自由，有成立独立工会的自由，成立民间组织的自由，确保这些自由的前提条件下我们再来谈改革，是确实可行的，确实有效的，真正给老百姓许诺了要进行改革了。反过来说，这些都不存在的话，谈改革都是是欺骗老百姓的一种幌子而已。”
《德国之声》的报导引述香港城市大学政治学教授郑宇硕的话指出：“新的领导层就算有意向去改革，也得有一些条件。第一，需要有一段时间去巩固他的权力，需要在党内建立共识，需要消化、打倒既得利益者的抗拒，所以要满足这三个条件后才能说新的领导人有办法、有魄力、有政治意志去推动政治改革。”
那么，目前国际社会都在关注中共的所谓改革，十八大上产生的新一代领导人习近平，他有没有这个胆量与魄力呢？全球目光已经聚焦在他的身上了。
采访/朱智善 编辑/周平 后制/萧宇
Political Reform Remains Difficult as CCP and Chinese Citizens have Different Understandings of its Meaning.
As the 18th National Congress draws great attention
from most global media,
the CCP’s political reform has become a hot topic.
On the other hand, what are the opinions of the Chinese
people themselves toward political reform?
The “Global Investigation Center on public opinions” which is
an affiliated agency of the CCP’s mouthpiece media Global Times, carried out a survey this March.
About 80% of people said they supported some kind of
political reform in China,
meanwhile over 70% of people also acknowledged that
they knew little about what political reform should include.
Only 28.2% said that they understood what
political reform really means.
However, the survey did not tell us what are the
understandings of that 28.2% of people.
An affiliated agency of Global Times,
the Global Investigation Center on public opinions,
once carried out a poll on public opinions of political reform
in 7 major Chinese cities.
When asked about what should be included in the reform,
most people answered that:
“Different levels of governments should
be subject to public supervision”,
“Anti-corruption needs to be strengthened”, “Information on
political affairs should be more open to the public”,
and “More democracy should be introduced into the decision
making procedure in China’s politics”.
The Deutsche Welle remarked that, “Obviously, the Chinese
believe that political reform is equivalent to reform of CCP governmental policy”.
Deutsche Welle’s “Observation of Beijing” channel also
remarked that, in the CCP leaders’ opinion,
“political reform” cannot be allowed to threaten
their one party dictatorship;
therefore the CCP’s political reform will probably only
end with empty talk.
Chinese democrat Cai Guihua told NTD that,
there is an implicit prerequisite behind all the seven points
mentioned by Hu Jintao in the 18th National Congress.
That is, his leading role inside the party has to be established
and the reform can only be carried out under the instructions to be found in his theoretical framework.
(Cai Guihua): ”Talking about what real changes
Hu’s “seven points” will bring to China, I personally regard them as pleasant but empty talk.
Just think of this, how much of the CCP’s constitution and
it’s laws have been really implemented?
It’s safe to say the vast majority of them are being
violated on a regular basis in China.
So on the other hand, we only see absolute power
which leads to absolute corruption.”
Cai remarked that, any political reform subject to one-party
dictatorship regime can only be empty talk because
it won’t bring real changes this of course will mean very little
to the Chinese people themselves.
Professor at George Mason University, Zhang Tianliang
pointed out that,
the CCP authority has different understandings of the term
“political reform” from those of the Chinese people.
In fact, the CCP’s political reform does not touch one-party
dictatorship, ban on political parties and ban on the press.
Zhang Tianliang remarked that, the CCP’s political reform
only includes some changes of administrative procedures,
which does not touch the fundamental problem
of China’s politics.
(Zhang Tianliang): ”If the bans on political parties,
the press and civil political groups were lifted,
some of them might stand up and
defeat the CCP’s organizations in the elections.
Therefore the CCP will never do that. To the CCP members,
their power is not only a resource of profits,
but also ensures their life safety so that their crimes
won’t be known by the public or brought to justice.”
Cai Guihua believes that, a multi-party framework has to
be established as a real democratic regime in China.
In addition, the ban on the press and political parties must
be lifted and more space has to be given
to non-official media to ensure the efficiency of
their role of social supervision.
(Cai Guihua):”Furthermore, citizens should have
freedom and the right to build political parties, unions and civil organizations.
Any political reform is only real and doable and
can benefit the Chinese people when those rights are under absolute protection.
On the contrary, any reform can only be deceptive without
those changes taking place.”
A recent Deutsche Welle report cited words from Zheng
Yushuo, a politics professor from City University of Hong Kong:”
Even if the new CCP leader group has the will to push
the reform, several conditions have to be satisfied first.
Firstly, they need some time to consolidate their power.
Secondly, they need to establish consensus inside the party.
Thirdly, they need to resolve the resistance from
vested interest groups.
These three problems have to solved before the new leader
is able to push through any political reform with his courage and political will.
As the CCP’s political reform becomes a hot topic in global
society, the question is whether the new CCP leader Xi Jinping
who will take his position after the 18th National Congress
has the courage to bring some real changes to China.
The whole world has focused on Xi to see what his answer is.
