【新唐人2011年10月6日讯】美国国会参议院星期一（10月3日）晚上投票通过了“2011年货币汇率监管改革法草案”，降低了因汇率问题惩罚中国的门槛，这个议案是否会损害中国老百姓的利益？业界人士及经济专家对此进行了分析。
根据议案，如果发现某国货币汇率“失调”，美国可以在90天内对这个国家征收惩罚性关税，相比现行法律要求提供被惩罚国存在故意操纵汇率的证据，这一法案降低了惩罚的门槛。另外，单个行业也可以向美国商务部提出正式申请，要求对竞争对手的产品征收惩罚性关税。
美国南卡罗莱纳大学艾肯商学院的谢田教授分析，如果这一议案成为法律，将使中共通过压低汇率造成的低商品价格恢复到正常的竞争价格，降低对美国企业和就业的冲击，因此会受到美国朝野的欢迎。但是，这一议案是否会损害中国老百姓的利益呢？
谢田教授：“它没有损害中国老百姓的利益。如果没有操纵货币的政策，和强制截流外汇的政策的话呢，实际上中国那些出口商啊，中国那些百姓啊，制造业的工人呢，本来早就应该从这个出口中获益了、受益了。但是他们获得的利益实际上没有得到，实际上是被中共当权、特权阶层给拿走了。”
大陆企业顾问何军櫵认为，美国政府奉行市场经济原则，保护本国国民和企业利益的行为是正当的。同时他指出，中共压低人民币汇率并没有真正让中国民众获得经济利益。
何军櫵：“这个出口增长所带来的国民财富并没有实际转化到人民的手上，反而使中国政府拥有了更多的外汇，通过这个外汇来购买美国等西方发达国家的债券，以及各种金融产品。通过这种金融输血的方式来维持了西方自由国家的一个相当高的生活水准。中华人民共和国政府在这一点上是做的及其不道德的。”
中共外交部周二发表声明指出，美国参议院通过的这一议案违背世界贸易组织(World Trade Organization)规则。
谢田教授：“这个说法也站不住脚。中国当年在进入世界贸易组织WTO的时候，作出明确的承诺，按WTO降低关税，不操纵货币，自由贸易等等的，按这个做法来做。那现在实际上是中国首先违反了WTO和世界贸易组织的协定。国际社会如果要求中共纠正它的错误做法的话，完全是符合这个国际惯例和国际准则的。”
何军櫵表示，中共人为压低人民币汇率违反了世贸规则，以此带来的经济增长模式是不能长久的。
何军櫵：“怎么可能长久啊？首先你违反了世贸规则，同时我们国内的老百姓，我们的购买力是非常之低的，我们的工资占国民GDP的总值的比重，也是全世界非常低的国家。由于购买力不足，那么只有通过基础建设投资，以及以出口导向为增长的这两架马车来拉动GDP，来保持较快的经济增长，但是这样一个模式是不可能长久的。 。”
参议院就“2011货币汇率监管改革法草案”投票时，美国财政部国际事务次长布雷纳德到访北京，重申人民币汇率问题。谢田教授表示，这次美国给出明确的信息，中共应该停止操纵货币，让人民币自由升值，让财富回到老百姓手中。
新唐人记者白梅、尚燕、朱娣采访报导。
Expert Analysis on U.S. Senate’s Exchange Rate Oversight Act
Anchor: On the evening of Monday October 3rd, U.S. senators voted to pass the Currency Exchange Rate Oversight Reform Act of 2011 which favored tough tariffs on the artificially depressed Chinese currency. Would this legislation impose any harm to the Chinese populace? Both industry sector and economic experts share their views.
News: According to the Act, the administration must impose duties on currency manipulators after 90 days of failure to adopt appropriate policies. In comparison to the current law requirement for deliberate manipulation, this new Act has lowered the penalty threshold. Meanwhile, the U.S.Dept. of Commerce can require an investigation into undervaluation by a government.
Assistant Professor of Marketing at University of South Carolina Aiken, Dr. Xie Tian analyzed that once this bill becomes the law, it will drive the CCP to restore the current low commodity prices to normal competitive prices, and reduce the stress on the US industry and employment. Therefore, it will be welcomed by the general public and the government. However, is it going to hurt the general interest of the Chinese?
Professor Xie Tian: “It would not hurt the general public’s interest in China. Without the manipulation of currency and export policy, in fact, the Chinese exporters, the general public, and the production line personnel, would have made profit and benefited from export. The reason why they have not been able to really obtain their benefits was because they have been deprived by the authority and the privileged.
Business consultant Mr. He Jun Jiao believed the legitimacy of the U.S. government to follow market and economic principles and to protect the public and business interests. He also pointed out that the depressed RMB exchange rate created by the CCP does not truly benefit the Chinese.
Mr. He Jun Jiao: “The wealth caused by export growth has not actually reached the hands of the general public. Instead, it only brought more foreign exchange reserves for the Chinese government to purchase more bonds and a variety of financial products from the U.S. and other developed western countries. Through this financial transfusion, it helped to maintain a high living standard in these free western countries. What the Chinese government does is rather immoral."
The Chinese Foreign Minister issued a statement on Tuesday that this Senate Bill gravely violates WTO rules.
Professor Xie Tian: “This statement will not hold. When China first entered the WTO, it clearly promised to reduce tariffs, not to manipulate the currency and to promote free trade. In fact, China has been violating the WTO agreement. It is entirely in line with international practice and standards to request the correction of the erroneous practice of the CCP."
He Jun Jiao indicated that the CCP has been violating WTO rules to artificially depress the Chinese currency. This type of economic growth will not last long.
Mr. He Jun Jiao: “How could it last? First of all, you have violated the WTO rules. Meanwhile the domestic purchasing power is very low. Our total wage share of national GDP is one of those relatively poor ones in the world. Due to lack of purchasing power, the GDP has been driven by two main carriages, that is, investment on infrastructure construction, and increasing export. That’s how economic growth has been relatively rapid. However, this model is not likely to last long."
The Senate vote coincides with a trip to Beijing by Treasury Under Secretary Lael Brainard who reinstates the undervalued Chinese currency. Dr. Xie Tian indicated that this is a clear message from America that the CCP should quit manipulating the currency, let the RMB appreciate freely, and return wealth to its people.
NTD reporters Bai Mei, Shang Yan and Zhu Di.
