【新唐人2011年7月12日讯】据中国社科院统计资料，去年（2010年）新生代农民工人数已接近一亿人，这些新农民工在城市化大潮中屡遭排斥，收入差距大，心理失去平衡，使他们犯罪率不断上升，光是去年犯罪案件就占了全国城市刑事案件的三分之一。北京宪政学者陈永苗指出，这是城市化的矛盾，归根究底还是体制出了问题。
广西有一个被人称为“砍手党山村”的地方，因为村民曾经在闹市犯下数起“砍手”抢劫案件，而震惊社会。据说全村二千多人就有一百多人因抢劫入狱。才刚出狱的村民闭文星，接受媒体访问时说出他犯案的原因。他说，五年前他在深圳公明马田村工作时，因为老板拖欠他工资，扣押他的身份证，他一怒之下将老板给杀了。一时的冲动让他付出了五年的宝贵时光。
究竟是什么原因，新农民工难以融入城市，甚至铤而走险犯下一桩桩的刑事案件？
北京宪政学者陈永苗：“城市一直以来城市化，把农村里面的青年人挪到城市来，但是城市又没办法提供一个非常适当的职业，也没有提供发展机会给这些农村里面的人，所以他就变成要通过一个非法手段去绑架啊、砍手啊，去把农村里的人变成城市里的黑社会，有黑社会的处境，我觉得还是取决于贫富差距化和城市化矛盾。”
据《法制日报》报导，新生代农民工受教育程度普遍不高，也缺少一技之长，很多人只能从事保安、服务员、送快递以及建筑工等劳动力大，薪水又低的工作。他们的年收入大多在1万5千元到2万元之间，收入差距大导致心理失去平衡而犯罪。
报导中还提到，农民进城后，身份上的错位，使他们失去了参与社会活动的正式身份，长期游离在正式组织之外。当自己的权益受到侵害时，农民工要么忍气吞声，要么依靠自建的“老乡会”、“兄弟会”等组织，以暴力违法的手段维权。当这些自发组织也解决不了他们的问题时，就会转向黑社会组织求助，因此埋下犯罪的隐患。
陈永苗（北京宪政学者）：“这些进城的农民工结社、言论、出版自由等，各种政治权利是很重要的，这是我说第一，第二个，一个是我觉得要大规模提高中国农民工以及城市里的农民工收入，工资是需要大规模提高的，我觉得这二点非常重要。”
而造成农民工犯罪乱象的原因，大陆访民张先生认为，是法制不健全，造成城乡贫富差距过大。
访民张先生：“法律在党的领导下，一切由党说的算，司法不独立，能够解决这问题嘛。”
张先生说，要改变这个局势就要解决所谓“社会公平”的问题，和法治独立与健全的问题。
新唐人记者代静、李庭、周昕屹采访报导。
“Thief Village” Created by Urbanization
According to statistics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,
in 2010, the population of the new generation of migrant
workers is already close to a million.
They have been repeatedly excluded from
China’s great wave of urbanization.
There is a large income disparity between them and the urban residents.
As a result, some suffer from psychological problems,
so their crime rate keeps on rising. In 2010,
crimes committed by migrant workers accounted
for 1/3 of total urban crimes.
Beijing-based constitutional scholar Chen Yongmiao pointed out
that this is due to urbanization conflicts.
The underlying cause is the current system.
In Guangxi Province, there is a “hand-cut party village".
It is so named as many of its villagers have committed “cut hand" robberies that shocked the community.
Out of the 2,000 villagers, over a hundred have been jailed for robbery.
The recently released villager Bi Wenxing explained his motive in an interview.
Five years ago, he was working in Ming Ma Village in Shenzhen.
As his boss owed him wages and seized his identity card, he killed the boss in a rage.
This impulsive act sent him to prison for five years.
What causes the difficulty for the new migrant workers to integrate into the city, and to even commit crimes?
Constitutional scholar Chen Yongmiao: Urbanization has moved the rural youth to the cities.
However, the cities are unable to provide suitable jobs or development opportunities for them.
As a result, some of them tried to form underground societies in the cities through kidnapping, etc.
I think this is caused by the wealth gap and urbanization conflicts.
According to mainland Legal Daily,
the new generation of migrant workers generally doesn’t have a high educational level and also lacks skills.
Many of them can only work on low-pay menial jobs as security guards, waiters, construction workers, etc.
Their annual income ranges from RMB 15,000 to 20,000.
The income gap between them and the locals lead to their psychological problems and crimes.
Also, after migrant workers come into the cities, they lose their opportunities to participate in social activities.
They don’t belong to any formal organization.
When their rights are infringed,
they either have to suffer in silence or rely on self-created fraternities to protect their rights through violence and illegal means.
When these organizations fail to solve their problems,
they would turn to the mafia to ask for help, leading to future problems.
Beijing-based constitutional scholar Chen Yongmiao:
First, the political rights, such as the rights to association, speech freedom and press freedom are important to the migrant workers.
Second, I think we need to increase their income by a large amount.
Both points are very important.
Petitioner Mr. Zhang believes,
the reasons for chaos created by migrant workers are the imperfect legal system and the large rural-urban income gap.
Petitioner Mr. Zhang: The law is led by the party, which controls all.
The judiciary system is not independent, and it cannot solve the problems.
Mr. Zhang said that to change this situation, we must solve the issues of so-called “social justice", rule of law, and judiciary independence.
NTD reporters Dai Jing, Li Ting and Zhou Xin Yi
