【新唐人2014年06月11日訊】近年來，大陸高考棄考人數不斷攀升，今年更是達到了近百萬，其中大部分人選擇了出國留學和直接工作。評論認為，中共教育的失敗、和人才選拔不公平，是造成中國人才流失的主要原因。
據大陸官方數據顯示，近五年來，中國高考人數不斷下降，棄考率高達10%，人數多達百萬。致使很多省市都出現了招生計劃無法完成的現象。不僅如此，各地高校錄取後不報到的現象也越來越嚴重，據業內人士介紹，很多高職高專不報到率已經超過30%，本科不報到率超過10%。
另一方面，與這個現象呈明顯對比的是，大陸「出國留學」的高中畢業生，每年都以超過20%的速度在增長。據教育部門公布的數據顯示，在每年棄考的高中生中，除了因經濟條件和學習成績差等原因，而選擇直接就業以外，其餘的高中畢業生，尤其是名校「尖子生」全部選擇了出國留學。
遼寧瀋陽某高考培訓機構化學老師董老師：「這種情況很普遍，因為現在中國學生很多都願意出國留學的。像我們當地非常有名的學校吧，這個學校基本上前一百名考上世界名校的，就是還沒參加高考就已經被世界名校收走了。」
據大陸留學機構調查顯示，很多家長和學生都認為，大陸的教育存在諸多弊端，與西方發達國家存在巨大差距。大多數家庭希望通過留學，讓自己的子女接受更好的教育，並獲得在海外發展的機會，成為既有素質又有能力的實用型人才。
董老師：「首先我們這個教育制度已經整個落後於全世界的。而且呢比如說我們的理科類，無論是機械工程還是醫學類，還有律師到國外都是不承認的，你拿這個學歷到國外得從頭念起，所以很多人也是因為教育制度的問題去選擇出國。」
加拿大acadia university留學生小金：「總體來說還是國外教育比較自由一點，學術比較自由一點。」
高考棄考的另外一大原因則是出於「高考無用論」。近年來，大陸大學生就業形勢的嚴峻，以及不公平的人才選拔制度，使得很多人認為與其把精力、錢財、時間投入高等教育，倒不如及早就業。
董老師：「棄考是必然的。因為現在第一個是教育制度的問題，第二是中國社會制度的問題。你想活得好，那麼你必須得有一個特別好的家庭，或者你家庭能給你做一個鋪墊。因為現在我們有一句非常流行的話嘛——拼爹。你們家裏有勢力、有能耐，那你以後就有能耐。你家裏沒有勢力、沒有能耐，還不如老老實實的現在就上班。」
原「首都師範大學教育科學學院」副教授李元華認為，「高考無用論」以及高考棄考現象，一定程度上反映了中國教育失敗的現實。
原首都師範大學教育科學學院副教授李元華：「今天的高等教育的所謂發展只是一個數量的增長，它不是在培養人才，就是中共通過發展高等教育作為一種斂財。很長一段時間來，有十幾年了，它的擴招實際上是以損失質量，並不是追求高等教育全面發展教育，而是作為一種經濟運作手段，作為一種賺錢手段，或者作為一種產業來搞教育，所以使得今天中國的高等教育發展下來以後呢，出現了種種弊端。」
然而，中共教育失敗導致的人才流失，不僅僅體現在高考棄考、出國留學等方面，更多的大陸精英留學生選擇了畢業滯留不歸，使得中國流失頂尖人才數量高居世界首位。
李元華：「國外自由的一個環境對於頂尖的人才的發展更適合，因為那是一個公平競爭，憑著自己實力可以有發展的一個機會。而在中共控制的社會裏邊，更多的是一種錢權的交易，更多的是一種腐敗。所以呢真正有才華的人，未必能得到重用，所以這些人呢他（她）更願意在自由社會去發展。」
小金：「他們畢業留在國外蠻多的，因為他們覺得國外競爭比較公平，沒有太多的黑幕交易啊之類的。」
專家預測，在未來的幾年內，大陸將會有更多的高中生選擇棄考，更多的精英人才奔向海外。
採訪編輯/張天宇 後製/舒燦
A Million High School Graduates Abandon Entrance Exams
Increasingly more high school graduates are abandoning
the college entrance exams.
This year, a million new graduates have given up on the exam
and choose to either work or study abroad.
Critics say this trend of losing high caliber Chinese
is a consequence of the failing education system
and job market bias.
Official data shows that over the past five years, as many
as 10 percent of Chinese high school graduates have given up
on the college entrance exam, seriously affecting
many local recruits.
Consequently, colleges suffer from lack of enrollment.
Insiders revealed that registration at many vocational
institutes has declined by more than 30 percent
and colleges by more than 10 percent.
However, enrollment in the study abroad program increased
at a rate of 20 percent annually.
The education department revealed that students
with financial difficulties and poor academic performance
choose to join the work force.
However, top students of elite schools
all elect to study abroad.
Mr. Dong, high school chemistry teacher in Shenyang:
“It is very common.
The majority of students are willing to study abroad.
At one of our local elite high schools, the top 100 graduates
have already received admissions from foreign institutions."
A study abroad survey showed many families believe
there are numerous problems in China’s modern education.
A wide gap exists between education in China
and in the West.
Many parents hope their children will receive better education
and development opportunities abroad.
Mr. Dong: “First of all, our education system has fallen
behind the entire world.
Take our science as an example, whether it is mechanical
engineering, medicine or law, none are recognized abroad.
Our diploma is not recognized.
Students have to start from the beginning.
Many people have studied abroad because of the system."
Xiao Jin student at Acadia University, Canada:
“Overall, there is more academic freedom overseas."
There is another theory regarding the abandonment
of the entrance exam, “the useless entrance exam”.
Many people believe higher education is a waste of energy,
money and time due to the low employment rate
and the biased job market. It is better to join the work force.”
Mr. Dong: “The abandonment of the entrance exam
is inevitable.
The education system is the number one problem.
The social system is the second problem.
To survive well, a good family background is key.
There is a very popular saying—“The daddy competition”.
A powerful and capable family guarantees your future.
Without any background, might as well just join
the work force now."
Former Associate Professor at Capital Normal University,
Li Yuanhua, indicates that to some extent, the useless entrance
exam theory and the phenomenon of abandoning the entrance
exam reflects the failure of education in China today.
Li Yuanhua: “The development of higher education in China
today is just a growth in number.
Rather than developing talent, the Communist regime
uses higher education to profit.
For more than a decade, enrollment has become a means
of wealth at the cost of quality and higher education.
Education has become an industry, causing many drawbacks
in China’s higher education today."
The drain of talent is not only reflected in the abandonment
of the entrance exam or the study abroad program.
Many more high caliber Chinese students have remained
abroad after finishing study.
Consequently, China leads the world in loss of talent.
Li Yuanhua: “To develop top talent, a free society
is more suitable due to a level playing field and opportunity.
In China, under the control of the Chinese Communist Party,
there is more bribery as well as corruption.
True talent might be neglected.
That is why people are willing
to seek opportunities overseas."
Xiao Jin: “Many graduates have stayed abroad.
They feel the competition is fair.
There is not as many shady transactions as in China."
Experts predict that over the next few years,
more high school graduates will abandon the entrance exam.
More elite talent will emigrate overseas.
Interview & Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/ShuChan
