【新唐人2014年05月31日訊】中國是世界上兒童自殺率最高的國家，出於學習壓力自殺的兒童比例高達近50%。尤其近年來，大陸中小學生自殺已經成為一個越來越嚴重的社會現象，甚至民間將每年的三到六月稱為「學生自殺黑暗季」。眼看一年一度的大陸中、高考又將來臨，接二連三的學生自殺事件再現各地校園。
據大陸媒體報導，近期浙江溫州市發生一起離奇的高中生投河事件。5月23號凌晨2點，溫州市平陽中學高三學生小峰（化名），從學校監控錄像顯示，他離開了宿舍，隨後失蹤。30個小時後，他的屍體在學校附近的一條河裡被發現，經法醫鑑定為溺水身亡。
小峰失蹤後，同學在他的課桌上發現一張紙條，上面寫著：「我拋棄了我的肉體。放棄了我的靈魂……」後面還附有一串神秘的數字（9 1 13 9 14 23 1 20 5 18）。
據小峰的同桌說，出事前，小峰曾告訴他，用數字對應英文字母是最基本的密碼破譯方法。而這串數字對應的英文字母是「I am in water」，漢語意思是「我在水裡」。種種跡象表明，小峰是死於自殺。
小峰為甚麼會投河自盡？他的老師、同學、鄰居都無法解釋。但小峰選擇在高考前自殺，讓輿論很難不將他的死因與大陸備受詬病的高考制度聯繫到一起。
「21世紀教育研究院」在5月13號發佈的2014年教育藍皮書中，收錄了去年79例中小學生自殺案例研究報告。研究發現，學生自殺根本的原因在於高度應試的教育制度。
大陸文化評論家葉匡政：「因為中國目前中小學的教材是7、80年代來確定的，那個時候的方針就是以科技來興國，當時有這樣一個政策。所以導致現在中小學的整個數、理、化都是非常難的。比如講，中國大陸初中生的數學水平，有人做過比較，就相當於美國高中生的這種數學水平，包括物理、化學都是學的很多複雜的知識。其實這些知識呢，除了未來從事科技工作以外，大部分人其實是用不上的，這就導致學生的負擔越來越重。」
那麼，在巨大的學習壓力下「挺」過來的學生們，是否能實現了他們「前程似錦」的夢想呢？據中科院對30年來1,000多位「高考狀元」的跟蹤調查顯示，這些昔日備受矚目、令人驚羨的「高考狀元」們，沒有一個成為國家精英級的人物或行業領軍人物。其中有七成在畢業後便銷聲匿跡。
畸形教育制度下的「高考狀元」們尚且如此，普通大學生的處境就更加艱難。據官方數據顯示，2013年中國高校畢業生已達699萬，被稱為「史上最難就業年」。而2014年的畢業生人數將達到727萬人，成為「更難就業年」。
但值得關注的是，並不是「人才過剩」造成的供大於求導致了中國大學生的就業難。據大陸就業仲介機構調查顯示，超過7成的企業為找不到實用的人才而苦惱。而造成這種「人才荒」與「就業難」現象並存的根本原因，就是大陸高校的教育與現實嚴重脫節，培養出了一批又一批「紙上談兵的秀才」。
葉匡政：「大陸的這種教育方式和西方有很大的不同。它一方面只重視技術教育，就是將知識視為工具，然後用知識的灌輸來取代對知識的理解，包括創新。其實中國現代教育的一個核心的問題就是：它的本質就是要把人教育成工具。另一方面就是它忽視人格教育，包括人文教育。它這種教育中，更多的是強調你對知識的記憶，但是它很少的讓你去發展，就是培養你的思維能力，或者思考力，更多的是強化對權力的服從和接受。」
更為嚴重的是，除了逐年遞增的未成年人因為學習壓力而自殺外，近年來，越來越多的「高學歷人才」畢業後，因為找不到工作而抑鬱自殺的事件也開始在中國大陸頻繁上演。
採訪編輯/張天宇 後製/李勇
Middle School Student Commits Suicide
China has the world’s highest youth suicide rate.
Nearly 50% of the youth suicide occurred for
heavy school loads.
School children suicides have become
a serious social phenomenon.
In China, between March and June it is considered the
‘dark suicide season’.
With annual entrance examinations approaching,
youth suicides are seen at schools throughout China.
A Wenzhou City high school student was reportedly to have
committed suicide by jumping into the river.
According to the school surveillance video, Wenzhou City High
School student Xiao Feng (pseudonym) had been missing since
he left the dorm at 2 AM on May 23.
His body was found in a nearby river 30 hours later.
Forensics confirmed he died of drowning.
His schoolmate found a note on his desk that read:
I abandoned my body. I gave up my soul …
This was followed by a series of mysterious numbers:
9, 1, 13, 9, 14, 23, 1, 20, 5, 18.
A classmate said that Xiao Feng had said the most basic
code-breaking finds the corresponding letter of the alphabet.
According to the method, the corresponding letters are
I, A, M, I, N, W, A, T, E, R.
That means, I am in water.
It suggests that Xiao Feng died of committing suicide.
Why would Xiao Feng commit suicide?
None of the teachers, classmates or neighbors could explain.
However, his decision came right before the entrance exam,
it is natural to connect his act to the much criticized
entrance exam in China.
In the 2014 Education Blue Book published by the 21st
Century Education Research Institute, 79 cases of middle
school student suicides were analyzed.
The research found that the intensive exams of the education
system were the fundamental reason for the suicides.
Ye Kuangzheng, mainland cultural critic: The current
textbooks were materials determined during the 1970s and
1980s when technology was the state policy to develop China.
It has caused the entire middle school math, physics and
chemistry to be on the difficult side.
Take middle school math as an example.
It is as difficult as high school math in the United States.
The physics and the chemistry are also very complex.
In fact, this knowledge is useless to majority of the people
other than to those who engage in technology.
However, they increase the burden on the students.
So, what happened to those who made it through
the tough pressure of study?
Have they achieved their dreams?
According to a survey by the Chinese Academy of Sciences
out of more than 1,000 top students having passed the college
entrance exam over the past 30 years, none of them became
the so-called national elite or leaders of industry.
About 70% of them have disappeared after graduation.
Comparing to those top students, the situation is even tougher
for other students.
Official data showed more than 6.99 million college graduates
in 2013 had the toughest year to find a job in history.
There will be 7.27 million graduates in 2014, it is anticipated
to be even harder than the 2013.
However, the employment difficulty was not caused by
oversupply of talents.
According to the mainland employment agency’s survey,
more than 70% of employers complain that it is hard
to find practical talents.
It is the serious gap between the college education and
industry needs that has created batches of college graduates
with a diploma but without any real capabilities, and thus
the phenomenon of “lack of talents" and “lack of jobs".
Ye Kuangzheng: Mainland China’s education is
very different from the West.
In mainland, techniques are the focus.
Knowledge is just a tool.
They instill the knowledge, but ignore the understanding of
the knowledge and innovation.
The modern education problem in China is to train people
to become tools.
It also lacks education on personality and humanities.
They focus more on memorization, rather than the
development and cultivation of logic thinking.
There are more demands on obedience and acceptance to power.
In addition to the increasing annual suicide rates among
the youths over school work pressure, recently, more and more
Chinese college graduates also took suicide as the final
resort over depression of not being able to find a job.
Interview & Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/Li Yong
