【新唐人2013年08月28日訊】近日，美國一家媒體發表評論文章指出，通過對中國農業近期狀況的調查發現，中國的農業正在崩潰。文章批評，當局片面追求工業化發展帶來的一系列環境問題，已經威脅到了整個糧食生產體系，使10多億中國民眾陷入了糧食短缺的危機，從而影響到了全球經濟體系。
美國大西洋傳媒公司旗下財經媒體《Quartz》，8月23號刊登了姊妹網站《The Atlantic》發表的評論文章《為甚麼中國農業正在崩潰》。文章分別從中國農業中的耕地面積、土壤污染、糧食生產和化肥污染等方面進行了調查分析，證實中國農業已經處於崩潰狀態。
文章指出，在1997到2008年之間，中國有6.2％的耕地被工廠及城市蔓延所吞噬。由34個市場經濟國家組成的經濟合作與發展組織（OECD）的報告顯示，中國人均只有0.22英畝的耕地，不到全球平均水準的一半，是經合組織成員國平均水準的1/4，美國的1/6。
廣州花都農民黃先生：「我們的土地肯定不夠用了，現在有很多違規用地，政府把有些地租來租去的，我們村裡面有些地也已經荒廢了很久但是也不讓種田。我們現在沒有多少土地，我一家五口人，才有幾分地，不到一畝地。」
中國農業研究員（匿名）：「大片的比較平坦、適合機械化的土地被壓縮，為甚麼呢？大規模的在搞工業，侵佔耕地。」
文章認為，造成中國耕種土地減少的另一個主要原因之一是土地品質的下降。中國土壤污染到底有多嚴重？中共當局一直將這一問題視為「國家機密」。
中國農業研究員（匿名）：「第一個方面就是所謂的土地數量，中國的統計向來不太靠譜，這個數據如果要全面透明的話，不好向人民交差。第二是土地的污染狀況，不能透露。還有第三個問題，我們的農村，現在這種半非法的土地使用狀況，如果一公開的話，那也是一個很可怕的事情。它都是說出來了以後，用政府的話說，社會不穩定的因素，所以它要成為機密。」
雖然在2006年進行過全國土壤污染調查，當局卻拒絕公布調查結果。而經合組織的報告發現，中國國40％的耕地已經被侵蝕、鹽鹼化或酸化，近20％被工業廢水、污水、農藥超標或採礦徑流等污染。而土壤裡的有毒元素，正在進入食品供應，危害著中國百姓的身體健康。
中國農業研究員（匿名）：「還有一個就是污染，現在鎘大米事件還有鉻大米事件，都是證明我們的土地已經出現了大規模的污染，這些土地雖然在，但是它不適合耕作，已經變成農業無法使用的土地，實際上連人居住都不適合了。」
另一方面，由於中國的糧食生產一直靠大量使用合成氮肥，這些氮肥造成了土壤中的PH值下降，使土壤酸化，降低了生產能力。文章列舉了2010年發表在《自然》雜誌的一項對中國耕地的全國性調查發現，在某些地區，土壤酸化已導致農作物產量減少了30-50％。
黃先生：「我們以前產量是比較高的，但是現在污染比較大，農作物生產量也不大了。比我們以前的產量減了一半。」
中國一名不願透露姓名的農業研究員向《新唐人》表示，除了上述與土壤和環境相關的原因之外，中國的政治因素和當局的錯誤決策也是造成農業崩潰的原因之一。
他指出，由於社會資源分配的不公和當局的重工輕農，使得農業技術人才、農業勞動力出現巨大缺口和斷層，農業生產難以為繼。此外，還有分贓式的農業補貼，都在無形中破壞著中國的農業生產和經營。
採訪/ 陳漢 編輯/ 張天宇 後製/鍾元
China’s Agriculture Collapsing
U.S. media has published an article stating that a recent
survey of China’s Agriculture indicates it is collapsing.
The report criticizes that the Chinese Communist
Party (CCP) authority has a one-focus pursuit.
They are focused on industrial development,
bringing a series of environmental problems.
This has become a threat to the entire food production system.
More than one billion Chinese people are in a food
shortage crisis, and it has affected the global economy.
On August 23, Quartz, U.S. Atlantic Media Company’s
financial publication, released an article on The Atlantic site.
The article was called, “Why China’s Farmers Are Falling."
It analyses that from the perspective of farm land,
pollution, food production and fertilizer runoff,
evidence suggests China’s agriculture is collapsing.
The article highlights that between 1997 and 2008, China
saw 6.2 percent of farmland engulfed by factories and sprawl.
The report was produced by the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the UN (FAO), and the Organization
for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
It states that China has just 0.22 acres of arable land
per capita, which is less than half of the global average.
It is a quarter of the average for OECD
member countries and 1/6 of U.S.
Farmer Mr. Huang, from Huadu, Guangzhou:
“It is certain our land is not enough.
There are many cases of the law being broken
for use of land.
The government leases the lands again and again.
Lots of farmland in our village has become
isolated, and we are not allowed to plant anything.
We have five people in our family and
less than 1mu (1/6 of an acre) of land."
Chinese Agricultural Researcher:
“Large and flat land that is good for machinery
farming has reduced due to industrialization."
Another main reason for farmland decline
is the declining trend in soil quality.
How serious is soil pollution in China?
CCP authorities hide it as a “national secret."
Chinese Agricultural Researcher:"The
first issue is the so-called farmland size.
China’s Statistic Bureau’s number is far from the
truth. The truth would be hard for people to accept.
The second issue is pollution, which cannot be
revealed. The third issue is land usage in villages.
From the regimes point of view, if this was published,
it would be an unstable social factor, and so is a secret."
Chinese authorities conducted a national investigation
on soil pollution, but they refuse to publish the results.
OECD’s report finds 40% of China’s farmland
suffering from pollution, salinization or acidification.
Nearly 20% is polluted by industrial waste
water, sewage, pesticides, or mining runoff.
Toxic elements in the soil have entered the food
supply, endangering the health of Chinese people.
Chinese Agricultural Researcher:
“Another issue is pollution.
There is rice with heavy metals such as cadmium,
indicating our land has been polluted on a large scale.
The land is not suitable for farming,
nor even for human residence."
On the other hand, China’s grain production has been
relying on extensive use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer.
This causes soil PH values to decrease, soil
acidification, and production capacity reduction.
The report cited a 2010 Nature article on
a national survey of the nation’s farmland:
“The acidification has already lessened crop
production by 30-50 percent in some areas."
Mr. Huang: “Our production in the past was relatively high.
Now with these serious pollution issues,
the production has been reduced by half."
An agricultural researcher, who wanted to
remain anonymous, spoke to NTD Television.
China’s political factors and the CCP authorities’
mistakes are also reasons that lead to the collapse.
He points out that unfair distribution of social
resources and the authorities’ focus on industry
caused a huge gap in the agricultural labor force.
In addition, agricultural subsidies went to corrupt officials.
All these are virtually destroying China’s
agricultural production, and it’s operations.
