【新唐人2012年12月22日訊】繼「反腐藍皮書」被批評為「不具備真實性和權威性」之後，「中國社會科學院」再次公布《公共服務藍皮書（2012）》。這次的報告提出，中國民眾有4成深夜不敢外出，但是市民安全感排名，西藏拉薩位居首位，觀眾朋友﹗你相信嗎﹖
「中國社會科學院」等單位調查並公布的《公共服務藍皮書（2012）》披露，中國38個城市的市民，有39.91%的人表示﹕深夜不敢外出，38.69%的人表示﹕如果長時間離家，會擔心家裏財產安全。
導致安全感不足的原因有哪些呢﹖藍皮書的調查認為，社會深度變革和結構轉型，導致不確定性增加，風險增多。利益分配深度調整，引發兩極分化、分配不公、利益衝突和社會心理失衡，部分收入較低的人群基於對分配不公的敵意，恣意釋放這種敵意，引發治安事件增多。
不過，「深圳當代社會觀察研究所所長」劉開明認為，中國治安不好的地方，多數是因為老百姓的工作無著、生存困難等深沉的原因造成的。
深圳當代社會觀察研究所所長 劉開明﹕「確實社會治安非常的不好，表面的原因，搶劫、偷盜、偷竊，這種現象非常的多，那深層的原因，實際上是社會的貧富不公，貧富差距越來越大，社會不公平的問題越來越多，同時，官場的腐敗日益嚴重，導致很多中下層的，特別是底層的民眾生活無著，經濟困難，才會出現那麼多治安事件。」
上海楊姓市民認為，部分外來人口造成的治安問題也不能排除，但是政府的管理經費是否運用妥善﹖也值得探討。
上海市民 楊先生﹕「還有就是社會的管制問題，政府花了錢，花在甚麼地方﹖不是在加強老百姓的安全感方面，可能投入的更多的是其他方面，譬如說，監控一些民主人士，不是把錢用在老百姓希望你用的地方，這也是重要方面。」
南京陳女士也向《新唐人》談了她的親身感受。
南京市民 陳女士﹕「一般像小偷或幹嘛的，偷完了抓來好像沒犯太大的…覺得法規還是不是那個…丟了認倒霉了，你去報案也沒用，我們也都報過案，結果抓來沒兩天就放出來了。」
藍皮書披露，「市民安全感」排名前十名的城市是拉薩、上海、廈門、寧波、杭州、南京、長春、重慶、天津和大連。北京排在第十七名。
南京市民 陳女士﹕「所有下崗的還有一些失業的，確實沒有人關心他們，因為現在關注都是甚麼事業單位的啦﹗還是公務員。就是好大一批這些人沒辦法生存，好多冤枉的事情，沒辦法﹗」
劉開明還表示，那麼高的維穩經費，和公安的力量，實際上只解決維穩和防堵的問題，不是從根本上來解決老百姓的生活問題、或老百姓向上發展的空間問題、以及社會不公平的問題。
劉開明﹕「如果這個問題不能解決，那麼再多的維穩費都沒辦法來消除社會的不公，來彌補、縮小貧富的差距，來疏通社會底層民眾上升的通道，這樣的話，就會有各種各樣的治安事件、搶劫事件就會發生，那麼老百姓的安全問題就不能得到改善。」
對於西藏的拉薩作為2012年中國「市民安全感城市」排名第一，也有人提出懷疑。由於中共政府長期對藏區實施高壓政策，不但向藏區派駐有大量軍警，還對當地進行軍事管制。
採訪/朱智善 編輯/周平 後製/孫寧
Deeper Reasons Behind China’s Increasing Public Insecurity
The newly released China’s Anti-Corruption Blue Book
has been criticized for “lacking authenticity and authority”.
The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences just released
another Blue Book on China’s Public Service (2012).
This annual report stated that nearly 40%
of Chinese citizens dare not go outside late at night.
Lhasa also tops the list as China’s safest city.
The Blue Book of China’s Public Service (2012)
reveals that 39.91% of residents in China’s
39 cities dare not go outside late at night.
38.69% of citizens say they would worry about home
burglary if they were on long-term out-of-town travel.
What causes have led to this public insecurity?
The Blue Book survey states the following reasons.
Social structural transformation has
caused increased uncertainty and risk.
Distribution of wealth policies have triggered
rich-poor polarization, unfair wealth distribution,
conflicts between interest groups,
and psychological imbalance.
Partial low-income groups’ hostile actions
have created increasing criminal incidents.
Liu Kaiming, director of a Shenzhen-based civil
think tank, says that primary reasons behind
a disorderly situation in China are due to local
unemployment, and people’s life of hardship.
Liu Kaiming (Director, Institute of Contemporary
Observation): “It’s true that social order is very bad.
The commonly overt reasons are robbery and theft.
But deeper reasons are income inequality,
widening rich-poor gap, increased social injustice issues, and growing officials’ corruption.
As a result, the middle and lower classes,
especially the grassroots, are living in hardship.
That’s why there occurred so many public security cases.”
Shanghai resident Mr. Yang thinks that some non-native
migrant workers contributed to criminal incidents.
Another issue worth considering is how the government
spent money for public administration, he says.
Mr. Yang: “One more reason is official administration.
How did the government spend this money?
It wasn’t used to improve the public sense
of security, but more so, it was used for other things.
For example, on surveillance of some pro-democracy
activists, rather than for the public interests.”
Ms. Chen from Nanjing reveals her personal experiences.
Ms. Chen: “Usually, when finding my things
stolen, I would think I simply had bad luck.
It’s useless to report it to the police.
We did report our case, but the thief
was soon released from custody.”
In the Blue Book, Lhasa tops the
list of safe Chinese cities of 2012.
It is followed by Shanghai, Xiamen, Ningbo,
Hangzhou, Nanjing, Changchun, Chongqing,
Tianjin and Dalian. Beijing is ranked 17th.
Ms. Chen: “No one pays heed
to the jobless, that’s the situation.
Now the focus is on public sector, civil service jobs.
In reality, a great number of these unemployed
people have no way to make a living.
There’re so many injustices happening, we’re just helpless!”
Liu Kaiming adds that tremendous money has been used
on maintaining stability and on public security forces.
Yet, no money is spent on helping
solve problems for ordinary people.
No creating space for the unprivileged masses
to move up, and to deal with society injustices.
Liu Kaiming: “If this problem isn’t solved, no amount
of maintaining stability can help eliminate social injustice.
Nor can it reduce the rich-poor gap, nor
create upward channels for the grass-roots.
As a result, criminal incidents in varied forms
would occur, as do local public safety concerns.”
Lhasa’s Number 1 ranking has reportedly been questioned.
Over the decades, Tibet has been put under
the CCP’s tightening control, where there has been stationed a large number of troops and police.
