【新唐人2011年12月30日訊】曾經因為“漁舟唱晚”的風情而被譽為中國“五湖五嶽”之一的鄱陽湖，目前因為長期乾旱而面目全非。當地的漁民不得不依靠撿廢鐵來維持生活。
眼前這片乾涸皸裂的土地，就是曾經被古人稱讚為「源長雲共浮，望極天無際。」宋余靖《揚瀾》）的中國最大淡水湖－－鄱陽湖。
2011年江西省遭遇春夏連續乾旱，歷史上罕見。而長江上游來水也不足，鄱陽湖的主要水源之一－－贛江的水位自11月份不斷下降。12月24號，鄱陽湖都昌水文站水位跌到只剩8.3米，低於歷年同期平均值2.6米。
鄱陽湖水文局綜合室副主任 朱建平：「今天早上8時，這個水位所對應的鄱陽湖水面積是223平方公里。比正常年要偏低，偏小了182平方公里。」
《新華社》在此之前曾經報導說：三峽水庫對長江中下游旱區補水效益明顯。但中國地震局地質研究所研究員高建國指出，鄱陽湖是長江水域體系中重要的調節器，但由於長江三峽工程的運行，打破了鄱陽湖原有的吞吐規律。吞吐的紊亂，讓鄱陽湖及長江中下游流域出現汛時更洪、旱時更乾的局面。
面對罕見的旱情，長江中下游的居民也對三峽水庫表示失望。
浙江維權人士鄒巍：「現在三峽的情況，就是它的調節蓄洪的能力沒有像大家所期待的，就是在乾旱的時候，它並沒有起到能夠蓄水，緩解旱情的作用，那麼老百姓也怨聲載道。」
江西省南昌市大塘村有200多戶漁民靠水吃水，這場百年不遇的大旱耗乾了鄱陽湖的湖水，也奪走了他們「漁舟唱晚」的生活。100多艘漁船已經散亂的躺在乾涸的湖底很長時間，就像鳥兒失去了飛翔的空間。
大塘村漁民 張秋林：「百分之二，三十的漁民打魚的話，一天也就是兩千斤，一噸左右吧大概。往年一天能打五六噸。」
張秋林說，由於乾旱，要打魚就不得不到離村子20多公里的地方去，這麼一來開支自然增加，但是打到的魚卻越來越少。結果有些漁民只好放棄本行，在乾涸的湖底挖挖看廢鐵，掙些收入。
朱春平已經在湖底翻掘了一天了。
大塘村漁民 朱春平：「今天撿到的有兩百多塊。」
朱春平和一些漁民用磁鐵來尋找以前瀋到湖底的螺旋槳碎片，或者是船上的焊條等零件，以前撒網的手現在挖掘著湖底的淤泥，但這是他們目前能賴以生存的主要「工作」。
浙江維權人士鄒巍：「在中國的一些水利建設上，由於缺乏民主和科學的論證，往往跟中國的政治體制一樣，是一言堂。好多水利設施，就是先天不足，再加上由於政治上的腐敗，大批的水利設施失修。還有，近幾年中國的環保污染特別嚴重。用一句話可以說，是人禍和天災的複雜因素交織在一起了。」
今年長江中下游六省一市都出現罕見旱情，鄱陽湖，洞庭湖、洪湖乾涸，湖北、安徽等地農業和生態受到嚴重影響。中國古代文人騷客筆下的大江大湖已經面目全非。
新唐人記者唐睿、尚燕、薛莉採訪報導
Praised by Ancient Poets, Poyang Lake is no Longer the Same
Poyang Lake is one of the famous Five Lakes and Five
Mountains.
Once praised in the song 『A Fishing Boat Song At Dusk,』
Poyang Lake’d water levels are lowering, and it is drying up.
Local fishermen now make a living retrieving scrapping metal.
The lake is drying due to continuous drought.
Ancient poet Song Yujing praised Poyang Lake as the largest
freshwater lake.
“Endless water merges into the floating cloud,
the immense lake looks boundless as it melts into the sky.”
In 2011, Jiangxi Province faced the most serious drought in
history, as source water from the Yangtze River is insufficient.
Poyang Lake’s major water source is the Ganjiang River,
but it’s water levels have been decreasing since November.
On Dec.24, water levels at Poyang Lake Duchang Hydrological
dropped to 8.3 metres, far lower than the average of 2.6 metres.
Zhu Jianping, Deputy Director of Poyang Lake Hydrological
Office commented on this issue.
“The water area of Poyang Lake was 223 km 2 at 8 O’clock
on Monday, 182 km 2 smaller than its usual size."
Xinhua News Agency reports the Three Gorges Reservoir
made great progress refilling the Yangtze River drought area.
However, Gao Jianguo, researcher at the Institute of Geology,
China Earthquake Administration, highlighted contradictions.
Poyang Lake is a critical regulator of the Yangtze River, but
the Three Gorges Project, breaks the inflow and outflow.
This causes two extremes, with increased flooding during the
rainy season in Poyang and Yangtze River areas.
During the dry season, it also creates more extreme drought.
Facing serious drought, the residents of Yangtze River have
expressed their disappointed towards the Three Gorges Project.
Zou Wei, Human rights activist: “Three Gorges’ situation is
not able to control flooding.
During the dry season, it can’t supply enough water due to the
insufficient reserves, then the residents complain.”
There are 200 fishing boats in Datang village, Nanchang city.
Due to drought, half of the local fishermen had to give up
fishing, with over 100 fishing boats lying idle on the riverside.
Datang fisherman Zhang Qiulin: “20 to 30% of our fishermen
can only get about one ton of fish a day now. In the past, they could fish 5 to 6 tons a day.”
Zhang said that the drought has forced local fishermen to fish
up to 20km away from the village.
As a result, some have given up fishing and resorted to
retrieving waste iron from the water for scrap.
A local fishermen has worked all day on the lake.
Datang fishermen Zhu Jianping: “I got waste irons worth more
than 200 Yuan (US$32) today.”
Zhu, and the other fishermen now make livings using magnets
to retrieve scrap metal such as propeller fragments and welding rods.
Previously, this was something they did during
fishing off season.
Human rights activist Zou Wei: “Some of China’s water
conservancy facilities lack democratic and scientific evaluation.
It resembles the political system, it is a dictatorship.
Many water conservancy facilities are poor quality, and have
political corruption, so the facilities haven’t been repaired.
In China, serious environmental pollution, man-made
and natural disasters all come together to make this happen.”
In 2011, along Yangtze River’s six provinces and one city
faced serious drought.
Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake and Honghu Lake are all dry.
This severely affected agriculture and ecology in Hubei and
Anhui Province.
Praised by ancient poets, the original Rivers and Lakes are no
longer the same.
NTD reporters Tang Rui, Shang Yan and Xue Li
