【新唐人2014年12月09日訊】從1994年開始，每年的12月13號，中國江蘇和南京都會舉行哀悼儀式，祭奠在南京大屠殺中的死難者。與往年不同的是，今年的南京大屠殺紀念日前夕，中共當局表現出了異常高調的態度，中國民間的祭奠活動以及向日本索賠的消息登上了中共的各大媒體。而此前的幾十年，民間對日本索賠一度遭到當局打壓。
據《新華網》12月7號報導，中國民間對日索賠聯合會致函日本政府及日本首相安倍晉三，要求日本向南京大屠殺中的30萬死難者及遺屬「誠懇謝罪」，並作出「相應賠償」。報導還強調，這是中國民間機構首次以函件方式要求日本政府就南京大屠殺謝罪。
隨後，中共各大主要媒體也對這一消息進行了報導，與以往當局對大屠殺事件和索賠問題上的低調，完全不同。
但據了解，在中日關係較好的年代，民間對日索償一直被視為「破壞兩國關係」，而受到中共當局打壓，民間「對日索償聯合會」更是被當局當作「維穩對像」嚴加控制。
中國民間對日索賠聯合會會長童增：「比如說過去吧，也不讓我們開新聞發佈會，很多事情到日本去打官司，可能也受到一些阻撓。比如日本律師來取證吧，我們的受害者到了酒店裡面，那麼可能（當局）發現以後，就把他送回去了，送回老家去了，日本律師來就找不到人了。有的受害者來，為了跟律師見面，我們都得把他藏起來，藏到地下室。」
1972年，中共當局為了與日本建交，放棄了對日本的戰爭索賠，一度引發了民間不滿，那個時候，中國民間對日索賠聯合會會長童增帶著親筆寫下的索賠「萬言書」，輾轉20多家媒體，卻沒有一家敢為他發表。
童增：「它可能有的時候考慮到維護穩定啦，中日關係會破壞了，這方面對我們就有一些限制。」
目前，大陸對日索償群體主要有勞工和慰安婦兩大類，幾十年來，這些受害者一直堅持狀告日本，要求賠償，卻無一勝訴，有的被拖到不了了之，有的含恨離世。而中共當局不但沒有對他們的索賠行為表示支持，反而一直從中阻攔。
中國勞工聯誼會副會長趙宗仁：「日本不講理，中國政府不給這些勞工做主。中國政府不支持這些事情，當時就是派出所時不時的找我，我算算⋯⋯一個多月就找了我三次。」
然而今年以來，在對日立場上，中共當局的態度發生了截然不同的轉變。先是在今年2月，當局通過立法將12月13號的南京大屠殺紀念日，定為「國家公祭日」。3月，中共總書記習近平在訪問德國期間的一次記者會上提及南京大屠殺，並點名批評日本。日前，黨媒又高調報導民間對日索賠。種種異常，引發了外界猜測。
中國歷史學專家、原首都師範大學教育科學學院副教授李元華：「中共一直就是把對日當作一個轉移國內矛盾的很好的出口，因為周永康案剛公布以後，從公布的時間來講，就是希望大家不過度的討論，它實際上拿周永康案在跟江派作鬥爭，就是甚麼候公布是有設計的。」
中國歷史學專家、原首都師範大學教育科學學院副教授李元華認為，在一些政治敏感期，中共把所謂的日本問題拿出來的時候，基本都是以轉移國內民眾視線為主。
採訪/易如 編輯/張天宇 後製/葛雷
China’s High-profile Media Coverage on Claims
of Compensation against Japan.
Since 1994, on Dec. 13 each year, a memorial ceremony for
Nanjing Massacre victims is held in Nanjing and Jiangsu.
Unusually, before the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Day this
year, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) showed an
abnormally high-profile attitude, towards activities to pay
homage to and claims of compensation against Japan.
However, during past decades, peoples’ claims of
compensation were always suppressed by the CCP.
According to a Xinhuanet report on Dec. 7, the Claims of
Compensation Against Japan Federation sent a letter to
the Japanese government and Japanese Prime Minister
Shinzo Abe.
They asked Japan to “sincerely apologize" to the 300,000
victims and survivors of the Nanjing massacre.
They want “appropriate compensation".
The report also stressed this is the first Chinese NGO to
ask Japan to apologize for the Nanjing Massacre by letter.
Later, the CCP major media also reported this news.
This is completely different from the authorities’ low-profile
stance regarding massacre and claims issues in the past.
However, it is understood that in the era of better Sino-
Japanese relations, claims of compensation against Japan
have been regarded as “the destruction of bilateral relations",
and suppressed by the CCP.
The NGO “Claims of Compensation Against Japan Federation"
is even treated as “stability maintenance object".
It is strictly controlled by the CCP.
China Claims of Compensation against Japan Federation
Tong Zeng, “For example, in the past, they did not allow
us to have open press conferences and a lot of things were
interfered with when we went to court in Japan.
When the Japanese lawyers came to obtain evidence, and
when our victims arrived at the hotel, if the (authorities)
found them they will send them back home, so the lawyer
cannot find anyone.
We had to hide some of the victims in the basement so
they could meet with lawyers."
In 1972, to establish diplomatic relations with Japan, the CCP
gave up the war compensation claims against Japan.
This triggered discontent of the people.
Then China Claims of Compensation against Japan Federation
Tong Zeng went to over 20 media with the “manifesto".
But none of the media dared to publish it.
Tong Zeng, “It may sometimes be consider maintaining the
stability and the Sino-Japanese relations might be destroyed.
So there are some restrictions for us."
Currently, groups claiming compensation against Japan are
mainly laborers and comfort women,.
For decades, they have been the victims of Japan and insisted
on suing for compensation, but none of them have won.
Some cases were dragged to nothing in
the end, some passed away vengefully .
The CCP did not express support for the behavior of claiming
compensation, but has always been blocking them.
China Labor Association vice president of Zhao Zongren,
“Japan is not reasonable,.
The Chinese government does not give these workers a shot.
The CCP does not support these things, at that time the
police came to me from time to time;
Once they came to see me three times in a month."
But from this year, the CCP attitude underwent a distinct
change regarding Japan.
First, in February, the CCP passed legislation that Dec. 13
is the anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre.
It has become “the National Mourning Day".
In March, the CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping referred to
the Nanjing Massacre.
He criticized Japan during his visit to
Germany in a press conference.
Recently, CCP media reported in high-profile coverage on
civil claims against Japan.
All sorts of anomalies trigger speculation from the
outside world.
Chinese history expert, former Associate professor of
Educational Science School, Capital Normal University,
Li Yuanhua, “The CCP always usees Japan as a good door
to transfer domestic conflicts over.
After the Zhou Yongkang case was released the CCP does
not hope people have too many discussions.
It actually uses Zhou Yongkang to fight with Jiang Zemin’s
faction, which means, it is designated when to announce."
Li Yuanhua believes, in some politically sensitive period,
the CCP uses the Japan issue.
Its basically to divert the citizens’ view.
Interview/YiRu Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/GeLei