【新唐人2014年11月29日訊】一名中共外交部官員日前聲稱，當局正在考慮追捕攜款外逃的中共貪官，但這一計劃受到西方法官的阻攔。海外律師認為，一黨專政統治下的中國和西方民主憲政國家，無論在政治體制、司法制度還是法律文化以及對反腐的認知方面，都存在巨大差異。西方國家拒絕與中共簽署引渡條約，是一種秉持法律良知、恪守法律底線的表現。

據大陸媒體綜合報導，11月26號中共外交部條約法律司司長徐宏在「反腐敗國際追逃追贓」大會上呼籲，希望美國、加拿大等西方國家，不再拒絕與中國簽署正式引渡條約，支持中共當局「反腐」行動。

徐宏指出，中國目前已經同全世界39個國家簽訂了引渡條約，但是這其中不包括美國和加拿大等中共貪官最常逃往的國家。徐宏承認，中國試圖說服美國同中國簽署引渡條約，但是美國似乎不準備這樣做。徐宏認為，一些國家的法官不允許遣返中國「逃官」，是因為「他們對中國法律系統缺乏了解，抱有偏見。」但是這種觀點遭到了輿論的駁斥。

時政評論員伍凡： 「西方國家拒絕和中國簽訂（引渡條約），原因在哪裏呢？我覺得有幾個方面。第一個，西方國家和中共政權的司法制度、原則、定義都不同。第二、 西方國家和中共政權對犯罪的定義和量刑是不同的。 最後一點，中國和西方國家的政治制度不同。」

伍凡還特別指出，西方國家對目前中共當局正在進行的反腐敗運動、已經定義「腐敗份子」的標準看法也不同。

伍凡：「因為中共這次反腐敗的目標是甚麼？它在保護這個政權、保護共產黨，並且也是用共產黨內派系鬥爭的形勢出現。你看，可以打『官二代』的人，但是沒有去打『紅二代』的人，『紅二代』不貪污嗎？貪污的更多，所以這個反『貪污』的對像和標準都不一樣，那麼這裏邊判刑就不公平。」

伍凡說，一旦西方國家同意簽署引渡條約，把中共定義的「犯人」遣送回國，等於變相幫助共產黨進行內部鬥爭。

此外，《紐約時報》援引人權組織觀點稱，美國等幾個西方國家拒絕與中國簽訂引渡協議，是出於對中國酷刑頻現、死刑以及不透明且政治化的司法體制的擔心。

美國華府人權律師葉寧對此表示贊同，他認為，西方國家不「配合」中共，並不是偏見，而是嚴格恪守法律底線，法律良知和法律文化的表現。

葉寧舉例說，聯合國《世界反酷刑公約》第三條明確規定，「任何人在另一國家將有遭受酷刑的危險，任何締約國不得將該人驅逐、遣返或引渡至該國。」葉寧認為，雖然中國表面上也是該公約的締約國，但與其它締約國不同的是，中國的濫用酷刑「舉世聞名」。

葉寧： 「中共不是法制國家，中共參加國際條約不過是為了欺騙國際輿論而已，它並沒認真在自己的國內法當中或者在國際關係當中，認真的遵守國際公約的規定和約束。所以即使簽署了雙邊引渡或者多邊引渡條約，因為中共存在人人詬病的普遍存在的濫用酷刑的這樣一種毛病，引渡也是沒法進行的。」

葉寧尤其指出，中共摘除和販賣人體器官，就屬於最為頂級的酷刑。

葉寧：「譬如講，掠奪、販賣人體器官，它就是一種酷刑達到頂峰造極，人類歷史上從來沒有過的、如此殘暴的酷刑行為。那麼這種酷刑行為現在昭然若揭，國際社會都已開始慢慢的、原來『揣著明白裝糊塗』的，現在也不得不出來偶爾表一下態，敷衍一下這種國際輿論。」

此外，葉寧還指出，聯合國《引渡示範公約》、《難民公約》都規定「政治犯不得引渡」，國與國之間不可逾越，而中共當局對於政治犯、經濟犯、刑事犯的定義一向模糊不清，那麼所謂反腐打出來的「老虎」，到底是經濟犯還是政治犯呢？西方國家難以鑑定。

因此，葉寧表示，非常慶幸全球200多個國家，只有30幾個國家與中共簽署了引渡條約。

採訪/朱智善編輯/張天宇後制/蕭宇

Why Does CCP’s Transnational

Anti-Corruption Encounter Setbacks?

A Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Foreign Ministry official

has claimed, the authorities are considering tracking down

those corrupted officials who escaped abroad, however,

this plan has been blocked by a western judge.

Overseas lawyer thinks, there are huge differences between

the one-party stated China and Western democratic

constitutional states in areas like the political system, the

judicial system, legal culture, cognition of anti-corruption.

Western countries have upheld law and conscience, followed

the bottom line, and hence refused to sign an extradition

treaty with the CCP.

According to mainland media, on 26 Nov, Xu Hong, the

director-general of the Department of Treaty and Law under

the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has urged the US, Canada and

other western countries during a news conference.

He urged them to no longer refuse signing a formal

extradition treaty with China, and support the CCP’s

“anti-corruption" campaign.

Xu Hong stated, China has signed extradition treaties with

thirty-nine countries around the world, but not including

the US, Canada and other countries where most corrupted

officials fled to.

Xu Hong admitted, China is trying to persuade the US to sign

an extradition treaty, but the US does not seem prepared

to do so.

Xu Hong felt, judges in some countries do not allow the

repatriation of Chinese “fugitives" due to “their prejudice

and lack of understanding of the Chinese legal system."

However, this view was refuted by public opinion.

Current affairs commentator, Wu Fan: Western countries

have refused to sign (an extradition treaty), why is that so?

I feel there are several reasons.

First, western countries’ judicial system, use its principle and

definition differently to the CCP’s.

Secondly, western countries have different definitions and

sentencing of crime.

The last reason is that China and western countries have

different political systems.

Wu Fan also highlighted, western countries have different

views on the CCP’s current anti-corruption campaign and its

standard definition of “corrupted officials".

Wu Fan: What is the CCPs target of this anti-corruption?

To protect its regime, and it is related to the

CCPs factional struggle?

People of ‘second official generations’ are tracked down,

but not ‘second red generation’, is this because the

‘second red generation’ is not corrupted?

They are even more corrupt, so this ‘anti-corruption’ has

alterable standards, hence its sentencing will be unfair.

Wu Fan pointed out, if the western countries agreed to sign

an extradition treaty and repatriate the “criminals" defined

by the CCP, this is in fact to help the CCP conduct

its internal struggles.

In addition, New York Times has quoted human rights

organizations’ views, US and other western countries have

concerns towards the frequent torture, death penalty,

non-transparent and politicized judicial system in China.

Hence they have refused to sign an extradition

treaty with China.

The US human rights lawyer Ye Ning agrees, he felt that

western countries do not “cooperate" with the CCP not because

of prejudice, but because of strictly upholding the legal

bottom line, conscience and legal culture.

Ye Ning cited, Article 3 of the United Nations Convention

against Torture clearly stated:

No State Party shall expel, return (“refouler") or extradite a

person to another State where there are substantial grounds

for believing that he would be in danger of being

subjected to torture.

Ye Ning felt that although China is also a state party, but

there is a difference between it and others, that is,

China is “well-known" for its abuse of torture.

Ye Ning: the CCP is not a State of law, it takes part in

global treaties to deceive international public opinion, it

never really abided by treaties’ requirements and constraints

in its domestic law or international relations.

Hence even bilateral or multilateral extradition treaties

could be signed, yet extradition still cannot be carried out

due to the CCP’s abuse of torture.

Ye Ning highlighted, the CCP’s live organ harvesting and

trafficking is the most brutal torture.

Ye Ning: Harvesting and trafficking in human organs is an

extremely high-end torture, human history never has had such

brutal torture before.

This brutal torture has been revealed and abundantly clear, so

even the previously ‘turn a blind eye’ states have to show

their stance occasionally.

This enables them to give a perfunctory react to

international public opinion.

Moreover, Ye Ning pointed out, both the UN’s “Model Treaty on

Extradition" and “Convention relating to the Status of Refugees"

state “political prisoners cannot be extradited".

It is impassable between countries, and the CCP has always

blurred the definition of political prisoners, economic crimes,

and criminal offender.

So are the “tigers" that are being hunted down in the anti-

corruption campaign political prisoners or economic criminals?

It is difficult for Western countries to identify.

As such, Ye Ning stated, it is very fortunate that among the

200 countries over the world, only more than 30 countries have

signed extradition treaties with the CCP.

Interview/Zhu Zhishan Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/XiaoYu