【新唐人2014年08月18日訊】中共最近公布了《不動產登記暫行條例》草案，並向社會徵求意見。中國大陸有人把它看成是「反腐利器」；還有人認為它能壓低房價，等等。不過，海外學者對此卻有不同的看法。請看報導。
8月15號，中共國務院法制辦公室在其網站公布了《不動產登記暫行條例（徵求意見稿）》，徵求意見截止到9月15號。
這份條例規定，由國務院國土資源主管部門牽頭，建立統一的「不動產登記資訊管理基礎平臺」，實現資訊即時共用。
不動產登記範圍，包括集體土地所有權；房屋等建築物、構築物所有權；森林、林木所有權；耕地、林地、草地等土地承包經營權；建設用地使用權和宅基地使用權等。
北京《國情內參》期刊首席研究員鞏勝利指出，不動產登記在中國大陸是多餘的。因為老百姓的不動產主要是房產。那麼，不動產登記與房地產證是「換湯不換藥」。如果原來的房地產證不取消，這種登記除了耗費國家大量的資源以外，沒有實際意義。
北京《國情內參》期刊首席研究員鞏勝利：「你既然出了個不動產登記，那你原來的房地產登記還要不要呢？我從去年就關注到，因為習李新政他把不動產作為他改革一個重要的方向。」
除了老百姓登記之外，官員當然也理應按照該條例，登記不動產，這樣是否就能抑制各地「房爺」、「房姐」、「房叔」之類的貪腐官員呢？
大陸國家行政學院教授汪玉凱對《新京報》表示，「不動產統一登記平臺」建立後，會對這些貪腐官員帶來壓力。
但實際上，仔細看新出臺的《不動產登記暫行條例（徵求意見稿）》，就可以發現，其中規定了不動產的「資訊公開程度」。
條例說，「權利人、利害關係人、有關國家機關可以依法查詢、複製不動產登記資料，但不得將查詢獲得的資料用於其他目的﹔未經權利人同意，不得向社會或者他人洩露查詢獲得的相關資料。」
美國南卡羅萊納大學艾肯商學院教授謝田：「這個登記草案看來，並不是真正公開的、透明的。老百姓還是不能看得到、公共媒體、輿論也不能看得到，也沒法知道這些官員到底是有多少人是擁有幾十棟、幾百棟房地產。」
謝田教授指出，不動產登記在正常社會是一項好政策，非常利於輿論、民眾監督官員，然而中共把它用歪了。
謝田：「在美國就是這樣的，每一塊土地我們都清清楚楚知道是誰擁有的，誰要負責要交房地產稅，政府也知道誰在住在上面或誰在擁有上面，向誰收稅。」
謝田表示，中共變了味的不動產登記制度，只能成為黨內派系內鬥、互相絞殺對方的證據。
美國《縱覽中國》網刊發行人兼主編、普林斯頓大學中國學社執行主席陳奎德認為，習近平無法在高層官員中推廣這項政策。
陳奎德對《美國之音》表示，雖然有傳聞說，習近平限制自己姐姐出境，可是他不會真正觸動其他高層官員，以及他們的親屬的斂財行為，不然整個政府就會垮臺。
其實，中共早在2007年頒佈的《物權法》中，就正式提出了「不動產統一登記制度」，去年3月國務院辦公廳更是規定，要在2014年6月底前出臺「不動產登記條例」。
但直到現在，這一政策出臺還遙遙無期，也顯示出黨內各派的絞殺激烈。
除了抑制貪腐官員，大陸還有人期待這項政策能夠降低房價。
鞏勝利：「房地產漲勢已經連續漲了改革開放的36年了，再繼續漲下去，老天爺也知道是不可能的事情。」
謝田也表示，房價下降是必然趨勢。如果不動產登記還依然不透明，它對房地產降價趨勢不會有絲毫影響。
採訪/陳漢 編輯/宋風 後製/肖顏
Will Real Estate Registration Resolve Corruption
And Cut Housing Prices?
CCP recently published a draft, “Provisional regulations on
real estate registration," and sought feedback on the provision.
Some refer to it as the anti-corruption weapon, while some
believe it can drive down housing prices.
But, overseas academics have different views.
Please see the coverage.
On Aug. 15, the State Council Legislative Affairs Office
website announced the “Provisional regulations on real estate
registration" is seeking opinions by September 15.
The regulations are led by the land resources department
of the State Council.
It aims to establish a unified real estate registration
and management platform for real-time sharing of information.
The range of real estate registration includes collective land
ownership; houses and other buildings and structures;
forest, forest land; contract and management rights of farmland,
woodland, grassland, and etc; ownership of construction land
use rights and land use right and so on.
Chinese finance researcher Gong Shengli indicates that
real estate registration in China is superfluous.
People’s main real estate is the house.
Real estate registration is the same as housing registration.
Without canceling housing registration, another real estate
registration is only a waste of national resources.
Gong Shengli: “With a new real estate registration, will the
(old) housing registration be revoked?
I have noticed since last year that Xi and Li have intended
to go after real estate reform."
Following the regulations, officials should also register
their properties.
Will this provision restrict corrupt officials in real estate?
Professor Wang Yukai, China National School of Administration,
told Beijing News that unified real estate registration
will put pressure on corrupt officials.
But in fact, a close look at the “Provisional regulations" will
reveal the level of information openness on real estate.
It said, “The owner, interested parties, relevant national
authorities may lawfully query and duplicate the real estate
registration information, but the information can not be used
for other purposes.
Without the consent of the owner,
relevant information shall not be disclosed."
University of South Carolina Aiken School of Business
Professor Frank Xie: “This draft means it is not really public
or transparent. No one can see it, not the people nor the public
media.
People will never know how many properties the officials have."
Professor Frank Xie points out that in ordinary society,
real estate registration is a good policy and is very conducive
to supervision of officials. But the CCP has distorted its purpose.
Frank Xie: “We know clearly the land ownership and who is
responsible for property taxes in the United States.
The government also knows who owns what and
who to get the taxes from."
Frank Xie indicates that the CCP has manipulated the real
estate registration system and turned it into evidence
to attack its opponents.
China in Perspective publisher and editor, Chen Kuide, is also
the Executive Chairman of Princeton China Initiative.
He does not believe Xi Jinping will be able to promote
this policy to the senior officials.
Chen Kuide told Voice of America, even though Xi Jinping
has restricted his own sister leaving China, but he will not
touch other high officials or the money-making behavior
of their relatives.
Otherwise, he is risking the collapse of the entire regime.
In fact, the CCP proposed a unified real estate registration
system as early as 2007 when Property Law was promulgated.
Last March, the State Council also ruled to introduce
the Real Estate Registration Ordinance by the end of June.
But to this date, this ordinance is still yet to see.
It shows the intense struggling among factions within the party.
Other than targeting corrupt officials, there are also people
hoping the policy will bring down housing prices.
Gong Shengli: “The price of real estate has continued to rise
for the past 36 years since the reform and opening up.
Even gods know it’s impossible to continue this price rise."
Frank Xie also says that the decline in housing prices
is inevitable.
Even if real estate registration remains opaque,
it won’t stop the real estate price from going down.
Interview/ChenHan Edit/SongFeng Post-Production/XiaoYan