【新唐人2014年02月20日訊】被視為自由派雜誌的北京《炎黃春秋》，2月18號舉行新春聯誼會，《炎黃春秋》社長杜導正發言說，現在改革的阻力極大，國家現正處於興衰的關鍵時刻，所有老同志都應站出來。
《炎黃春秋》新春聯誼會，有包括原中組部副部長李銳等共一百多人參加。前中共總書記胡耀邦的兩名兒子胡德平、胡德華也有出席併發言。發言者還包括李銳、前社科院美國研究所所長資中筠、著名學者錢理群、經濟學家茅于軾等人。
91歲的《炎黃春秋》社長杜導正發言說，現在解放思想有兩大阻力，一是陳舊觀念，二是利益集團，「現在深化改革的阻力極大極大極大，複雜複雜複雜，困難困難困難。」
杜導正19號在接受《新唐人》採訪的時候表示，改革的阻力主要來自於體制內。體制內又有兩個阻礙深化改革的力量。
北京《炎黃春秋》社長杜導正：「一個是思維，就是思想意識形態。思想意識形態的一種殭化的、凝固的，中國人講的左傾，他動不動就是社會主義，資本主義，資產階級，無產階級，馬列主義，毛澤東思想，甚麼資本主義思想，就是這種陳舊的，教條式的框框的、書本的，他們不問實際，甚麼東西來了，要先問一下你是資本主義還是社會主義，資產階級還是無產階級。」
杜導正說，殭化的思想意識形態在共產黨里根深蒂固，執政者當中就有一部分人是所謂的教條主義者。動不動就搞政治運動，動不動就把人抓起來，甚至殺掉。蘇聯這樣，毛澤東也是這樣。
杜導正：「第二個就是利益集團。現在這些貪官，這些做壞事的人，他們本身都是既得利益者，他壟斷了某個行業，支取高額利潤，他們和貪官搞在一塊，一貪污就是幾十億、幾百億，這個集團很厲害。」
與會的中國經濟學家茅于軾也對《新唐人》表示，中國改革的阻力就是來自既得利益集團，比如國企領導，還有共產黨掌管司法的那些人。
中國經濟學家茅于軾：「政法委這些人，他們的權力很大，再比如說國家計生委，你要取消計劃生育，他們肯定要反對的，他們有利益在裡頭，所以會反對改革。」
杜導正在聯誼會上表示，中國現正處於興衰的關鍵時刻。茅于軾也表示，中國現在處於十字路口，而中國往何處去的問題，中共高層還在爭論不休。
茅于軾：「朝哪個方向改？還是搞共產主義，還是搞資本主義？所謂的社會主義到底是甚麼意思？沒講清楚。這個也是一個問題。到底中國往何處去？這個個人的想法很不一樣的。到底我們朝哪個方向走？搞不清楚。到底往左還是往右？」
談到中國的未來方向，茅于軾認為，中國千萬不能再搞共產主義了、千萬不能搞計劃經濟，和階級鬥爭——鬥地主，分資本家的錢，都不行。茅于軾表示，他不懂中共所謂的社會主義。他認為，社會主義就是改良的資本主義。
已經97歲高齡的中組部前副部長，曾任毛澤東秘書的李銳在聯誼會上，感嘆自己生命有限，他朗誦了一首詩，「不久將投爐火中，為民作主未放鬆，何時憲政施行了，讓我靈魂有笑容！」
中共領導人習近平上週末在俄羅斯索契，接受俄羅斯電視臺主持人布里廖夫專訪時，談到中國當前正面臨的「改革」問題。習近平說，中國改革經過30多年，已經進入深水區，「容易的、皆大歡喜的改革已經完成了，好吃的肉都吃掉了，剩下的都是難啃的硬骨頭。」
外界普遍解讀為，習近平是藉機向既得利益集團放話：舊有的利益格局一定要動 ，同時還得小心遭遇「魚死網破」、「共同翻船」的結局。
採訪編輯/秦雪 後製/周天
Du DaoZheng Urges Senior Officers to Stand Out
Beijing’s Yanhuangchunqiu is regarded as a liberal magazine,
Feb. 18 a party was held celebrating Chinese New Year.
The magazine’s director Du Daobin addressed the party.
He said the current reforms have encountered heavy obstacles.
The nation is facing a critical moment, one of rising and falling.
All the former senior leaders should now stand out.
Over 100 people attended the new year’s party,
included was Li Rui, former Central Advisory Commission,
former communist leader Hu Yaobang’s sons, Hu Deping and Hu Dehua,
who also joined a meeting and gave a speech.
The speakers also included Li Rui, Zi Zhongjun, Qian Liqun,
economist Mao Yushi, amongst other people.
Du Daozheng aged 91, addressed there being two major
obstacles to the freeing of people’s minds.
One is of old notions, the second is the interest groups.
He stated, “Now the obstacle of deepening the reform is
very large, very complicated and very difficult.”
On Feb. 19, Du told NTD that the obstacles
mainly came from the internal communist system.
Within the communist system, there are two forces
that prevented further reform.
Du Daozheng: “One is the thought direction, an ideological
solidification and the leftist train of thought.
They frequently talk about socialism, capitalism, the bourgeoisie,
the proletariat, Marxism-Leninism
Also Mao Zedong Thought and the capitalist ideology,
which are a regular formality. They are not realistic.
If any issue occurs, they first ask you whether it is capitalist
or socialist, bourgeoisie or proletarian.”
Du says, due to the rigid ideology deeply rooted in the
Communist Party, some of the rulers are very dogmatic.
They frequently launch political movements,
arresting or killing people.
The Soviet Union was just like this, so was Mao Zedong.
Du Daozheng: “The second force preventing reform
is the interest groups.
The corrupt officials, who do wrong many deeds,
they are the interest groups.
They’ve monopolized certain industries, taking huge profits.
They are engaged in corrupt politics with corrupt officials.
They embezzled several hundred billion yuan. The interest groups are very bad now.”
Economist Mao Yushi told NTD that the obstacle of reform
comes mainly from the interest groups.
For example, the leaders of state-owned enterprises and officials,
those who are in charge of judiciary, those ones.
Mao Yushi: “People in the Political and Law Affairs Committee
have large and strong use of power.
Regarding the National Family Planning Committee,
if abolishing the one-child policy, they’ll certainly reject it.
Because there is profit they can gain from it,
thus they resisted the reform”.
Du Daozheng said at the New Years party, that China is in a
critical position, one of rising and falling.
Mao Yushi also said that China is now at a cross-roads,
where the direction is going, the high levels are still debating.
Mao Yushi: “Which direction should the reform go?
To remain in Communism or Capitalism?
What is the real meaning of the so-called Socialism?
It is not clearly stated.
This is one issue. Where do China’s morals lie?
There are different and various individual views.
Where indeed is the direction we should go to?
To the left or to the right? It is still unclear.”
Regarding China’s future direction, Mao Yushi says that
China must not carry on in a ocialist form,
nor carry on with the planned economy and class struggle,
or of splitting capitalists’ money.
He says that he doesn’t understand the communist regime’s
so-called socialism.
He believes that their socialism is a modified capitalism.
Li Rui, who is 97 years of age, was Mao Zedong’s secretary.
He lamented the limitations of his life and recited a poem:
“Soon tol be cast into the fire,
never stopped to serve the people,
when the constitutional system is implemented,
my soul shall smile.”
Xi Jinping was interviewed in Sochi, Russia last weekend.
Xi talked about the problems of the current reform
faced in China today.
Xi said that the reform has been ongoing for over 30 years,
which has now going ever deeper.
“The easy and cheerful part of reform is complete,
the good parts of the meat have been eaten,
the left over bits are hard to chew.”
Observers understood that Xi uses the opportunity to send
messages to the interest groups:
“The old structure must change, yet meanwhile to be alert,
alert about “fish breaking from the net”
and “boats sinking together”.
Interview & Edit/Qingxue Post-Production/Zhoutian