【新唐人2013年04月24日訊】前中共中央軍委主席江澤民掌管軍隊期間,軍隊日益腐敗。習近平上臺後,下令開展整頓軍隊運動。日前又傳出最新舉措,要求軍隊領導「下連當兵,蹲連住班」,與士兵同吃同住,一起操練和勞動。習近平的各種新招能解決江澤民遺留的軍隊腐敗問題嗎?他對軍隊的控制能否如願?請看我們的報導。
中共中央軍委主席習近平去年11月接掌黨、軍大權後,實施一連串的治黨、治軍舉措。日前,解放軍總政治部再下發《規定》,要求全軍和武警部隊中,55歲以下的團級以上領導和機關幹部、以及沒有在基層任職經歷的幹部,和連職以下的機關幹部,必須「當兵」。
《規定》中,旅團級單位的機關幹部,每3年應安排當兵或「蹲連」1次。而軍師級單位的是每4年、總部和軍區級單位的則每5年。《規定》還強調,當兵和「蹲連」人員要自備個人生活用品,按標準交納伙食費,不得接受宴請,不得遊山玩水,不得收受禮品,不得插手基層敏感事務。
針對軍隊腐敗問題,去年12月,中央軍委下發通知,要求執行《中央軍委加強自身作風建設十項規定》。其中禁止中高層軍官送禮、飲酒、辦大型宴會。
《大紀元》新聞網報導,在中國,軍隊成了中共謀取一黨私利的工具。中共前軍委主席江澤民,因為在軍中毫無威望,「腐敗牌」成了他收買官、商、學、兵各界的工具。
早前有不少軍中高級將領被爆出醜聞。其中包括海軍副司令王守業中將、和總後勤部副部長谷俊山中將,他們被控道德敗壞、包養情婦、濫用職權、貪污受賄。報導說,目前,中共的軍心渙散、腐敗嚴重、缺乏戰鬥力。
此外,江澤民縱容各軍種的走私貪污行為,導致軍中分贓不均而互相殘殺。
外界分析,習近平希望通過整軍,來解決江澤民在軍隊中所遺留下來的腐敗問題,並藉此鞏固自己對軍隊的控制。那麼,習近平的各種新招,真的能如其所願嗎?
美國「哥倫比亞大學」政治學博士王軍濤表示,這些做法都是傳統的共產黨作風,對軍隊現代化,並沒有太多的好處。
美國「哥倫比亞大學」政治學博士王軍濤:「在中國現在這個情況,有兩個原因導致習近平這個政策,他很難在軍隊有效的實行,一個是如果軍隊已經爛了,你用這種方式只會走形式,還有另外一個原因,軍隊中像有些專業思想的,想搞好軍隊的人來說,他也會有抵觸情緒。」
畢業於「復旦大學」的美國僑界人士——「中國基督徒民主黨」發言人陸東則認為,這種方式只能起到軍隊幹部和士兵打成一片的宣傳作用。
美國「中國基督徒民主黨」發言人陸東:「不管它施行的如何,從宣傳效果來講,給老百姓會造成一個印象,好像現在軍隊幹部應該跟士兵打成一片,它起這麼個宣傳效果,至於它真的能實行怎麼樣,很多事情都是個未知數而已。」
王軍濤認為,雖然習近平「上有政策」,但是中共官員仍「下有對策」。
王軍濤:「中央發了文件說不許大吃大喝,但是我們可以看到,他可以用一些小吃小喝替代大吃大喝,到一些所謂的外表簡樸的小餐館或者私家餐館,這些你沒有辦法監督的地方,或者表面上把飯局搞的標準不高,但是實際上仍然還是一種變相的吃喝。在這種情況下,還有他們的車,說不可以掛甚麼車牌,但是可以掛別的牌子。」
中國雖然作為全世界軍隊數量最大的國家,但中共軍隊在最新的「全球性國防建制腐敗指數」中的得分,卻是「高風險」。
採訪編輯/常春 後製/君卓
Xi Jinping Tries Hard To Clean Up Military Corruption Left By Jiang Zemin
The Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) military became
increasingly corrupt during the rule of Jiang Zemin,
former Chairman of the Central Military Commission.
After taking over as military chief, Xi Jinping launched
measures to make changes in the military.
Recently, rumors said that new issued orders requested military
leaders to “live, eat, train and work with junior soldiers.”
Can Xi’s various methods resolve the corruption problems
that Jiang Zemin has left over?
Can Xi control the army as he wishes?
Let’s take a look.
After Xi Jinping took over the military in November, 2012,
he implemented a series of measures to change
the CCP and the military.
Recently, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General
Political Department issued new “Orders”.
The “Orders” request that leaders be under 55 years old,
above regimental level in the military, armed forces,
and that cadres, as well as those cadres
who have no work experience,
serve as the lowest-ranking soldiers, as an essential rule.
After Xi Jinping took over military in November, 2012, he
implemented a series measures to change the CCP and military.
Recently, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General
Political Department issued new “Orders”.
The “Order” requests that leaders under 55 years old, above
the regimental level in the military, armed forces and cadres,
as well as those cadres who have no work experiences,
serve as the lowest-ranking soldiers as an essential rule.
The “Orders” say that leaders of regimental and Brigade–
level have to serve on the front line once every 3 years.
Division and army-level commanders
must serve once per 4 years.
Top leaders from army headquarters and
military districts will do so once per 5 years.
The “Orders” stressed that “they need to provide
for themselves and pay for their own food.
They must not accept any banquet invitation, join any
sight-seeing tours, accept gifts or interfere with local affairs.”
In order to resolve military corruption problems,
in Dec. 2012, CMC issued a notice.
It requests the implementation of CMC’s 10 rules to
strengthen the military’s discipline construction.
One of the rules is that senior officials above
middle-level in the military,
are not allowed to send gifts, neither are they allowed
to drink and hold banquets.
The Epoch Times website reported that, in China, the military
has become a tool to serve the CCP’s interests and gain.
Jiang Zemin initially had no respect from the military,
but used corruption as a tool to bribe officials,
also to bribe entrepreneurs, scholars,
and officials at a military command level.
Earlier, many senior army generals’ scandals
were exposed.
Including those of Wang Shouye,
deputy commander of the Navy;
and Gu Junshan, vice minister of the
General Logistics Department.
They have been accused of moral turpitude, improper
relations with women, abuse of power and bribery.
The report said that, at present, military morale
is too loose, severely corrupt, and not capable of fighting.
In addition, Jiang Zemin indulged in smuggling,
corruption and other crimes,
causing military personnel to fight each other
over inequality in interests and illicit gains.
Outsiders have analyzed that, Xi hopes,
via changing the military,
to solve the corruption issues that Jiang Zemin
left behind him.
Xi has seized his chance to strengthen his
control of the military.
Can Xi’s goal be achieved as he wishes
by using different methods?
Dr. Wang Juntao, in political science at
Columbia University, US, has made comments.
He said that these measures are the CCP’s
traditional strategy.
He says that they won’t benefit the
military’s modernization too much.
Wang Juntao: “In the current situation in China,
there are two reasons that have led Xi Jinping
to make such moves.
These moves will be difficult to
carry out effectively in the military.
One reason is, if corruption in the military
has reached serious extremes,
these moves will be nothing more than
a mere formality.
Another reason is that, some people in the military
have professional thinking, and want to do a good job,
they will have the mentality to resist Xi’s efforts.”
Overseas Chinese Lu Dong, spokesman for the Chinese
Christian Democratic Party believes that
these changes can only play a propaganda role,
to show unity among cadres and military personnel.
Lu Dong: “Regardless of how it is implemented,
from the propaganda effect on the public,
it will seem to say that military cadres and soldiers
should merge together.
It will just have the effect of propaganda. In reality,
whether it can be implemented or not is still not known.”
Wang Juntao believes that, although Xi Jinping has issued
highest level orders, CCP officials will have their own way of dealing with it.
Wang Juntao: “The central CCP has issued document
saying that no luxury eating and drinking are allowed.
However, we know that they can hold small scale dinners
to replace the big ones.
They will go to small or private restaurants in which surface
decoration is very plain, and that are beyond supervision.
On the surface, the dinner served might be below standard,
although it is still a disguised form of banquet.
Under the same ruling, no military license plates
will be allowed on officials’ cars.
However, they can use other official license plates instead.”
Although China has the world’s largest military forces,
its score in the Global Defense Sector Corruption Index
is in a “high risk” band.