【新唐人2012年1月10日訊】美國奥巴马政府宣佈將美軍戰略重點向亞太地區轉移，引起中共外交部和媒體強烈反應，連日來高調指責美國的新軍事戰略瞄準中國和伊朗。亞太地區關於領土主權的紛爭和衝突一直持續不斷，美國強調美軍戰略轉移是為了維護亞太的安全與繁榮。
美國國防部1月5號公布新的國防戰略報告，把重點轉向亞太地區，並表示在財政緊縮背景下需要更謹慎的使用武力和制定適中的外交政策目標。
報告指出，美國必須有效反制中國、伊朗的反介入能力。中國的「反介入」通常是指以反艦導彈攻擊美國航空母艦，阻止美國介入臺海或南海衝突。報告還提到了伊朗和朝鮮的核威脅。
英國BBC指出，這是冷戰後美國最大的戰略調整。美國在戰略報告中重新定義中國威脅，等於在亞太地區吹響了集結號，擺明著把中國作為最重要的敵人之一，讓其他亞太國家看著辦。
北京大學國際關係學院教授朱鋒在接受BBC中文網的採訪時說，這是自去年11月美國發動的「中國攻勢」的延續。當時，奥巴马總統在APEC峰會上，強調亞太是美國未來全球戰略的軸心。
中共外交部發言人9號反駮美國新戰略報告中針對中國的指責。連日來中共媒體展開攻勢，《環球時報》社論說，美國的戰略調整提醒人們伊朗對中國的重要性。《新華社》國際時事評論說，亞太正處於謀求和平發展合作的時代，美國此舉會擴散緊張氛圍，加劇地區對武力的焦慮。
原「中國體改研究所」綜合研究室主任程曉農表示，中共軍事擴張才是亞太和平的威脅。
程曉農：「中國確確實實在亞太地區表現出了一種軍事上的對外擴張的態勢，就是中國不斷的擴大海軍，特別是開始引入航空母艦，誰都知道航空母艦是一種進攻性的海軍武器，並不是防守性的。另外，中國在戰略導彈的部署上，也在不斷的試驗怎麼樣能夠對美國構成威脅，同時中國也在太空和美國進行爭奪。」
《人民日報》7號發表海軍少將楊毅的文章，楊毅指責美國是亞太安全的「麻煩製造者」。
時事評論員文昭表示，美國重返亞洲遏制了中共的擴張。而中國與周邊國家的領土主權爭端，歷史久遠，不是近期才有的。
文昭：「其實你看到的都是在意料之中的，包括它的一些媒體作一些指責性的評論。中國大陸它和周邊國家有直接的領土主權的糾紛，比如說跟日本有釣魚島和東海的主權糾紛，跟越南、菲律賓等國家在南海的主權糾紛。」
德國波恩大學全球研究中心主任辜學武認為，鑒於中國將南海、臺海、東海等領土爭端，視為本國勢力範圍內的事務，反對外部力量介入，因此未來中美在亞太地區衝突的風險會增加。
辜學武：「包括南海問題比如說，很多小國都不希望再按照中國的方式『擱置爭議、共同開發』，把它推向未來。所以在這樣一個背景下面，美國亞太戰略調整把重心轉向亞洲地區，會加劇中美之間未來衝突風險的程度，尤其是在台灣海峽地區，但現在比較明確的是在南海地區。」
清華大學當代國際關係研究院院長閻學通認為，未來中美關係將更趨緊張，雙方的衝突也是不可避免的。美國新的戰略報告則表示，美中兩國必須建立合作關係，確保東亞和平穩定。
英國《衛報》評論指出，中美在21世紀冷戰不是不可避免的，對民主、開放、價值、宗教信仰等價值觀的根本差異，加上政治和經濟上的競爭，或許最終會影響雙方的合作。
新唐人記者常春、李元翰、李月採訪報導。
The Obama administration’s announcement of a decision to
shift the U.S. military
focus to the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region has caused
strong reactions from Chinese Communist Party (CCP) media.
CCP media recently complained loudly that
U.S. military strategy is aiming at China and Iran.
With ongoing territorial sovereignty disputes and conflicts in
APAC, the U.S. stressed that
the shift of its military strategy is intended to safeguard
the security and prosperity of the APAC region.
On January 5, U.S. Department of Defense announced the
new national defense strategy report,
which states that shifting its focus to the APAC region,
being more careful with the use of force,
has the goal of developing moderate foreign policies in
the context of financial constraints.
The report states that the U.S. must effectively counter
China and Iran’s anti-access capabilities.
China’s “anti-access" usually refers to anti-ship missile attack
on U.S. aircraft carriers to stop U.S.’ involvement
in the Taiwan Strait or the South China Sea conflicts.
The report also mentions Iran and North Korea’s
nuclear threats.
The BBC points out that this is the most significant strategic
adjustment of U.S military strategy since the Cold War.
In the report, the U.S. re-defines China’s threat.
It is like blowing a gathering alarm, obviously noting
China as one of the most important enemies, and asking other APAC countries to decide for themselves.
Zhu Feng, professor of The Institute of International Relations
at Beijing University, said
during an interview with the BBC, this is a continuation of
the U.S.’ “Confront China” policy since November, 2011,
when Obama stressed during the APEC summit that
APAC is the future focus of U.S.’ global military strategy.
Jan. 9th of 2012, Spokesman of Chinese Regime refute in the
American new strategy report in view of China’s accusation.
Recently the CCP media started their attacks.
China’s Global Times published an editorial comment stating
that the U.S.’ adjustment of strategy is to remind people of
the importance of Iran to China.
Xinhua News Agency’s international department comments
that APCA is at a stage of peaceful development, and
that the U.S. strategy will spread tension and
concern over the possibility of war.
Former dean of The China Institute for Restructuring the
Economy Chen Xiaonong expressed the view that
the CCP’s military expansion is the real threat to
APAC’s peaceful development.
Chen Xiaonong: “China has indeed shown a trend of
expansion at APAC.
It keeps expanding its navy, especially with
the introduction of aircraft carriers.
Everyone knows that aircraft carriers are offensive,
not defensive, in nature.
In addition, China has been testing how to tackle the threat
from the U.S. in missile deployment.
Meanwhile, China is competing with the U.S.
over space travel.
People’s Daily published Chinese Navy Insignia Rear admiral
Yang Yi’s article on Jan, 7.
Yang Yi accuses the U.S. Of being a “trouble-maker”,
threatening the safety of the APAC region.
News commentator Wen Zhao expressed that the U.S.’s returning
to Asia is aimed at curbing China’s expansion.
China’s territory disputes with neighboring countries
have a long history. It is not a recent problem.
Wen Zhao: “In fact, what you see is to be expected,
in the media’s accusatory comments.
China and neighboring countries have territorial disputes,
for example, with Japan over the Diaoyu Islands and
East China Sea, and with Vietnam, the Philippines and
other countries over the South China Sea.
Gu Xuewu, dean of The Global Research Center at The
University of Bonn in Germany thinks that
given that China regards territorial disputes in the
South China Sea, Taiwan Strait, East China Sea and other areas as matters within China’s influence,
and is against the involvement of external forces, the risk of
conflicts between the U.S. and China will increase in the future.
Gu Xuewu says: “Take the conflicts in the South China Sea
for example,
many small countries no longer want to follow China’s strategy,
wanting to ‘settle disputes and to develop together.’
Under this circumstance, the U.S. has adjusted its strategy and
shifted its focus to Asia.
This will increase the risk of conflicts between the U.S.
and China, especially near the Taiwan Strait.
Currently the imminent issues are in the South China Sea.
Yan Xuetong, Dean of the Institute of Contemporary
International Relations of Qinghua University, thinks that
the U.S.-China relationship will likely be more tense in
the future, and that conflicts between the two are inevitable.
The new U.S. Strategic report shows that the U.S. and China must
establish cooperation to ensure the peace and security of East Asia.
The British Guardian commented that the Cold War between the
U.S. and China is inevitable in the 21st century.
The fundamental differences between the two nations are of
attitudes toward issues of democracy, openness, values, religion, etc.
In addition, political and economic competition may
ultimately affect their co-operation.
NTD reporters Chang Chun, Li Yuanhan and Li Yue