【新唐人2011年10月6日訊】2004年，中國決定引進高鐵技術時，中國列車運行的最高時速約為160公里，七年之後，中國將高鐵的最高運營速度提升到了每小時380公里，並打算將這一速度在京滬高鐵上實踐。然而，近期高鐵、地鐵事故頻發，導致中國現在超過80%的在建鐵路項目已經全線「緩建」。專家認為，中國高鐵事故不斷，表面看是技術因素，背後是制度問題。

2009年9月8號，原鐵道部副總工程師張曙光宣佈：「我們用六年的時間完全掌握了高鐵技術的九大核心技術，實現了全面創新的目標。」

然而，今年七月兩列動車在東部城市溫州發生追尾，中共當局聲稱40人遇難，近200人受傷。

列車事故導致了對中國高鐵的懷疑：中國真的像媒體宣稱的「5年走完國際上40年高速鐵路發展歷程」，「集世界最先進的4種技術，中國人創造出獨一無二的中國高鐵品牌」嗎？

前大陸地鐵工程師詹先生指出，從2004年開始引進動車組的技術，到08年首列「自主智慧財產權」的高速列車的誕生，實際上核心技術並沒有掌握，都是國外專家到工廠去調試。所以，包括列車、信號系統，自動控制系統，核心部件都是採用國外的。特別在列車控制方面，調度系統完全沒掌握，所以頻出問題。

詹先生:「核心部件，像自動系統，和轉向架上等關鍵的部件，和車上專用的電氣零部件，實際上完全是進口的。然後只是在國內進行組裝，然後進行調試。」

詹先生揭示真實的中國高鐵發展之路。他說，2004年以前，中國搞了五次列車大提速，發現自主研發的技術滿足不了需求，危及機車行車安全的事故頻繁，後來停止了這些項目。以後採用技術合作的方式，或 「引進、吸收、國產化」方式發展。

詹先生:「在中國現有的鐵路工業的基礎上，想搞准高速160公里最終失敗了，沒有搞成。可是，到了2004年，通過3年的引進，就說完全掌握了高速列車的技術，基本上是不可能的。」

詹先生認為，中國領導需要政績，沒有耐心等待很長的研發週期，所以，沒有技術積纍。另外，49年後中國長期閉關鎖國，造成技術基礎差，加上現在搞研發的精力不是搞科研而是搞項目，導致目前狀況。

像今年七月溫州發生追尾事故，事故調查組承諾9月公開事故調查報告原因，直到現在也沒有公布。而最近，上海又發生兩車相撞的地鐵安全事故，官方也沒能給出滿意的解釋。

中南大學城市軌道交通研究所退休教授王成立表示，中國不講科學，又不講民主，是技術出現問題的主要因素。根本上還是體制問題。國內很多真相不能報導，許多記者採訪了也發表不了。

王成立:「動車也好、高鐵也好，都是國外學來的，有甚麼難的，難可以請外國人鑑定。上次那個溫州動車事故，日本都表態它願意參與事故調查。中國調查不清，請日本人來調查嘛。」

北京知名律師莫少平表示，國外一向批評中國對智慧財產權，也就是商標、專利和版權保護不力，盜版氾濫。莫少平認為，沒有宗教信仰，導致倫理的道德底線不斷降低，只要能賺錢甚麼底線都可以突破，加上地方政府的放縱，造成目前狀況。

新唐人記者梁欣、宋風、柏妮採訪報導。

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How Much of the Chinese Bullet Train Is “Made in China"?

When China decided to adapt high-speed bullet train technology in 2004, the highest train speed it could reach was 160 km/h (99.41 mph). In seven years, the bullet train reached its maximum running speed of 380km/h (236.12 mph. It is planned to reach this speed along the Beijing-Shanghai route. However, due to frequent bullet train and subway system accidents, 80% of China』s railway projects are proceeding at a slower pace. Experts say that these accidents seem to occur due to technical reasons, but they』re actually due to policy issues.

On September 8, 2009, former vice engineer of the Ministry of Railway, Zhang Shuguang, said, “In the past 6 years, we have completely adapted the nine-core technologies of bullet trains, and have reached complete success with this type of innovation."

However, the Wenzhou bullet train accident occurred in July of this year, killing 40 and injuring 200, according to official reports.

The train accident raised serious questions about Chinese bullet trains, two of them being: “Did China really obtain in five years what the rest of the world spent 40 years trying to obtain with regards to bullet train technology?” and “Did the Chinese really create the one and only bullet train which was later to become one of the four most advanced technologies in the world?"

Former Chinese subway engineer, Mr. Zhan pointed out that since China first imported its bullet train technology in 2004, giving birth to the first “independent intellectual property rights" of high-speed trains, the basic core skill of the technology was never fully adapted, as it was always foreign experts who would go to the factory to make adjustments. However, the body of the train, the signal system, the automatic control system, and core parts, were all foreign made. Chinese engineers were also not versed in the operation of the control coordination system, causing frequent difficulties.

Mr. Zhan: “Core parts such as the automation system and important parts of Steering system as well as components in the electric system, were actually all imported. Things are just being fabricated in the mainland and later calibrated."

Mr. Zhan revealed the real behind-the-scenes details of China』 bullet train development. He said that before 2004, China tried five times to increase train speed, then realized that self-developed technology cannot meet the requirement, resulting in frequent accidents which endangered the safety of motorcycle traffic. Therefore, these projects were terminated. After that, technical cooperation was deemed most important, moving towards “import, absorption, and localization.”

Mr. Zhan: “Based on the current Chinese railway system, increasing speeds to 160km/h (99.41 mph) ultimately failed. However, over the three-year period following 2004, claims were made suggesting that high-speed train technology had been fully grasped. That is impossible!”

Mr. Zhan believes that Chinese leaders seek achievements to show off their political worth. They have no patience to wait for long R&D cycles to mature, therefore, technical knowledge doesn』t accrue. On top of that, China was closed off to the world after 1949, resulting in poor technology fundamentals, plus, effort was not spent on R&D, but rather on the project itself.

An accident investigation unit is planning to release an investigative report in September 2011 regarding the July Wenzhou bullet train accident, but no firm date has been set. Also, officials are not giving satisfactory explanations about the two subway crashes in Shanghai.

I JUST FINISHED POLISHING THE BELOW PART.

Upon learning that the Governor of Calif. was coming to visit,

Wang Licheng, a retired professor of the Urban Rail Transportation Department of the Institute of Central South University said, “There is no science in China and people have no rights. This is the main reason behind these ongoing technical problems. It』s really an institutional issue. Truth cannot be reported in China and many reports are never published.”

Wang Licheng: “Train and subway technologies were all learned from foreigners. When we run across something difficult to handle, we can invite foreigners to investigate. Regarding the Wenzhou bullet train accident, Japan said it is willing to participate in the investigation, if the Chinese cannot find the cause of the accident. So why not just let the Japanese do it?”

Renowned Beijing lawyer, Mo Shaoping said, “China has been criticized abroad for not properly protecting foreign intellectual property rights such as trademarks, patents, and copyrights.” He believes that since Chinese have been reared on an atheistic belief system, the ethical and moral bottom line continues to plummet. As long as there』s financial gain, there is no bottom line. He said that loose government controls also play a role, making things the way they are, right now.

NTD reporters Liang Xin, Song Feng and Bo Ni