【新唐人2011年9月16日訊】中共總理溫家寶9月14號在大連出席達沃斯論壇時，再度高調呼籲政治體制改革，重提當年胡耀邦、趙紫陽時代的「黨政分開」，明確要改變「以黨代政」，他並提出政改五大要點，包括司法獨立等等。海內外學者悲觀的指出，目前溫家寶所提出的政改只能是「空話」，但講總比不講要好。

溫家寶14號兩度提到政改，《新華網》作了報導。他先在上午的開幕式上致辭，提到推進經濟和政治體制改革，「堅決破除體制機制障礙」。

下午溫家寶與企業家座談會上，世界經濟論壇主席施瓦布(Klaus Schwab)說，溫家寶上午的演講是「一場重要的政治宣言」，並問怎樣才能實現政改的目標？

溫家寶接著提出了政改五大要點：第一、依法治國，改變「以黨代政」，把權力絕對化和過分集中的現象，改革黨和國家的領導制度；第二、推進社會公平正義；第三、維護司法公正獨立；第四、保障人民的民主權利，最主要的是選舉權、知情權、監督權和參與權；第五、反腐敗。

中國社科院政治研究所首任所長嚴家祺：「溫家寶只是講一講而已，就是給他以後不當總理了，留下一個比較好的名聲。另外，他這些話本身是對的，他真要推動政治改革的話，也不是這麼簡單講幾句而已，要必須通過實際的步驟來推動中國的變化，但他講比不講要好。」

中國人民大學政治系教授張鳴對香港《明報》表示，溫家寶是首次將政改提得如此深入，但他也認為只是一種「表態」，中共官場現在是「表態文化」，溫家寶的策略就是「能說就說」。

溫家寶提到，維護司法公正獨立和社會公平正義，是早在30多年前十一屆三中全會就提出來的。「黨政分開」也是鄧小平在30年以前就提出來的，他認為在今天尤為緊迫。

去年8月深圳特區成立30週年，溫家寶也提出「黨政分開」，這是1980年8月鄧小平在中共中央政治局擴大會議上發表的《黨和國家領導制度的改革》講話中提到的。

嚴家祺：「1986年到1987年，當時趙紫陽是中央政治體制改革5人研討小組的負責人，溫家寶也參與了這個研討小組的工作，而且溫家寶的主要工作是領導研究『黨政分開』問題，所以溫家寶對『黨政分開』問題應該說是非常熟悉。而且寫到了十三大的趙紫陽的政治報告裡面去。」

胡耀邦、趙紫陽主政時期著手改革「黨政不分」，當時取消了一些部委的黨組，但1989年六四事件之後，就全面回到了高度集權、以黨代政，現在弊病越來越大。之後的十四大到十七大，「黨政分開」再沒有在報告中出現。

今年3月，中共人大委員長吳邦國高調重申「五不搞」，強調「一切法律法規都必須有利於加強和改善黨的領導」。

著名憲政學者和維權人士張祖樺表示，溫家寶意識到「以黨代政」問題嚴重，黨委在各個領域管得非常細，乃至可能管到互聯網上某個人發的帖子，但根本制度不變，老說空話不能解決問題。

張祖樺80年代曾任團中央常委、中央國家機關團委總書記，是胡錦濤、李克強的前同事，他目前在北京被監視居住。

對於溫家寶在座談會上提出的基層選舉和黨內擴大民主，張祖樺批評中共打壓基層人大參選人，以及現在很多做法，都是侵犯人權、違憲違法。

《北京之春》雜誌主編胡平：「與此同時，中共當局在各地亂抓、亂判，很多維權人士、律師、異議人士被失蹤，對維權人士、對自由信仰者、對法輪功、對民運人士的迫害比以前還更嚴厲，所以從這裡可以看得出、也多少反映一些上層的內部矛盾。」

9月號香港《開放》雜誌發表時政評論家陳破空的文章《新四人幫主宰中國政局》，內容指出，溫家寶在中共高層陷於孤立，江澤民派系的四大官僚：吳邦國主管人大、李長春主管中宣部、周永康主管司法、賈慶林主管政協，這四人以左為榮，成為政治改革最大的絆腳石。

新唐人記者梁欣、李元翰、李若琳採訪報導。

Wen』s Political Reform

On September 14th, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao attended the Davos Forum in Dalian. and gave another high-profile appeal to the political system.

He repeated 『separation of party and government』 in the era of Hu Yaobang and Zhao Ziyang, making it clear to change 『the party on behalf of government』 situation.

He proposed five key points of political reform, including judicial independence. Scholars in China and abroad are pessimistic about Wen』s proposal, taking it as empty talk, but some feel that something is better than nothing.

Wen mentioned political reform twice, Xinhua reported. He gave a speech in the morning opening ceremony, where he mentioned promoting economic and political reform by “resolutely getting rid of structural and institutional obstacles."

In the afternoon, Wen went to an entrepreneur’s forum. The World Economic Forum President Klaus Schwab (Klaus Schwab) said Wen』s morning speech was 『a major political declaration』, which put forth the question of how to achieve the goal of political reform.

Wen put forward political reform with five main points: First, the rule of law, change 『the party on behalf of government』, change absolute power and excessive concentration of power, and reform the party and state leadership system; Second, promote social fairness and justice; Third, maintain judicial impartiality and independence; Fourth, safeguard the people’s democratic rights, most notably the right to vote, right to information, supervision and participation; Fifth, anti-corruption.

Yan Jiaqi (The 1st director of China Institute of Political Studies):

“Wen Jiabao simply talked about it, trying to leave himself a good reputation after his term of PM. His words were right. If he really wants to promote political reforms, it is not that simple to say a few words.

It has to go through practical steps to promote the changes in China.

But he spoke out, it』s better than speaking nothing. “

Professor Zhang Ming in the political science department of Renmin University of China, said to Ming Pao in Hong Kong, it was the first time that Wen mentioned political reform at such a depth. But he also believes it』s only a 『statement』. Chinese officialdom is now 『a statement culture.’ Wen』s strategy is to “speak out when possible."

Thirty years ago Wen said maintaining judicial independence,

social justice, and fairness had already been proposed in the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). “Separation of party and government" was also proposed 30 years ago by Deng Xiaoping. Wen found it particularly urgent today.

Shenzhen Special Economic Zone had its 30th anniversary in August 2010, when Wen also put forward the 『separation of party and government』, which was also mentioned by Deng Xiaoping in the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of CCP Central Committee.

Yan Jiaqi: “From 1986 to 1987, when Zhao Ziyang was a leader of the central discussion of political reform, where Wen also got involved in the discussions.

Wen』s focus was on 『separation of party and government』,

so he is very familiar with this issue. His research had also been included in Zhao』s political report to the Thirteenth National Party Congress.

Hu Yaobang and Zhao Ziyang started the political reform, eliminating party organizations in some ministries. After the June 4, 1989 Massacre, the CCP went back to a highly centralized form, and the party spoke on behalf of the government, which displayed more and more problems. After the 14th congress to 17th congress, 『separation of party and government』 no longer appeared in the report.

In March 2011, Chairman of Chinese National People’s Congress Wu Bangguo reiterated the 『Five Don』ts’ and stressed that “all laws and regulations must be conducive to strengthening and improving CCP』s leadership."

Zhang Zuhua, a well-known constitutional scholar and activist said Wen was aware of the serious problem caused by 『the party on behalf of the government.』

CCP』s management committees in all areas were very detailed,

they even monitored individuals’ posts online.

When CCP』s system remains unchanged, the talk can not solve the problem.

Zhang Zuhua was a member of Central Committee of the CCP, General Secretary of Communist Youth League in central state organs in the 1980s.

He was a colleague of Hu Jintao and Li Keqiang. Zhang is currently living in Beijing under monitoring.

Wen had put forward the primary election and expanding democracy within the party.

Zhang Zuhua criticized the CCP to suppress

grassroots people’s congress election. He said many practices now are violating human rights and constitutional law.

Hu Ping (Beijing Spring magazine editor- in- chief): “At the same time, the Chinese authorities arrested and sentenced people at their will. Many activists, lawyers, and dissidents are missing. Persecution is more serious for human rights defenders, religions, Falun Gong, and democracy activists. These show internal contradictions at high levels of the CCP."

In September, critic Chen Pokong published an article in Open Magazine, 『New Gang of Four to Dominate Politics in China』. He points out that Wen was isolated in the high level CCP, leftist officials in Jiang Zemin』s Group are the major block to political reform. This includes Wu Bangguo controlling the People’s Congress, Li Changchun in charge of the Promotion Department, Zhou Yongkang, head of the Judiciary, and Jia Qinglin, director of the CPPCC

NTD reporters Liang Xin, Li Yuanhan and Li Ruilin