【新唐人2011年3月23日訊】日本大地震和海嘯觸發了核危機，同時這場災難將正計劃增建數10個核電站的中國，置於世界的聚光燈之下。中國日前決定暫停審批核電專案，不過這並沒有打消人們對中國核安全的擔心

日本地震引發福島核電危機後，世界各國紛紛表示重新審視自己國內的核電政策。而被稱作“核電大躍進”的中國，在最近幾天內，官方的態度卻呈現兩極反應：3月12號，國家環保部副部長張力軍態度堅決的表示：“發展核電的決心和發展核電的安排是不會改變的。”

但16號，國務院常務會議卻做出決定，立即對全國核設施進行全面安檢，調整完善核電發展中長期規劃，暫停審批核電專案。

不過，中國是否真會放緩核發展進程，仍然受到懷疑。

美國麻省理工學院核科學與工程學院院長哈欽森（IAN HUTCHINSON）教授在奧地利《標準報》的專訪中表示：中國和印度都對核能非常感興趣，肯定不會因為日本的災難而放棄的，這是一個戰略上的長期決策，要想避免環境污染，他們沒有其它選擇。

那麼，中國如何安全發展核能呢？國務院發展研究中心研究員馮飛對《美國之音》表示，中國將採用更新的核技術。不過，他說，借鑒這次日本的教訓，中國應該會加強應急狀況的處置能力。

哈欽森教授的觀點是，中國的核反應爐大部分是由西方設計的，很新。但安全不僅取決於技術，同時取決於規章和工作進程。至於這些在中國如何，他表示：無法判斷。

馮飛則認為，為了確保安全，中國需要培養足夠的高素質人才。“人才現在是瓶頸之一。現在我認為最重要的事情是核的人才的培養，包括運行人員、高素質的建設人員以及監管人員的培養。”

但世界核協會在有關中國核工業的報告中說：核技術人員培訓需要4到8年，而安全文化的建立需要更長時間，這在中國更進一步放大，那裏工作人員的薪水低於業內水準，且人數相對較少。

中國核工業不僅缺乏規範和技術人員，核領域腐敗醜聞，更使人們對中國管理核電廠的能力，信心下降。

BBC中文網3月21號刊文：中國核安全為何成為公眾的心病？。文章認為：在資訊不透明與政府企業都缺少社會責任感的中國，核電工程運作過程中的安全令人擔憂。體制下滋生的腐敗滲透在核電領域中，品質與安全問題經常讓位於成本控制、利潤，甚至腐敗行為。自2007年底以來，中國核電系統就發生3次高層腐敗事件，這種情況下，核電工程品質是否能夠確保，成為核電中最重要的問題。

新唐人記者宋風、黃容綜合報導。

“Nuclear Great Leap Forward"

Japan’s nuclear crisis triggered

by the large earthquake and tsunami

put China under the spotlight. China is planning

to build dozens of nuclear power plants.

Although China temporarily suspended the plans

it has not reduced concerns about nuclear safety.

After Japan』s Fukushima nuclear crisis took place,

many countries plan to re-examine nuclear policies.

Having a so-called “Nuclear Great Leap Forward",

the Chinese regime』s attitude has been polarizing.

On March 12, the Environment Protection Ministry』s

Vice Minister Zhang Lijun said,

“Our nuclear development determination

and arrangement will not change. “

On March 16, the State Council decided to conduct

a comprehensive security inspection

of nuclear facilities, to adjust long-term

nuclear power development plans,

and to suspend the nuclear power project reviews.

However, China』s intention to slow down

its nuclear development is still doubted by others.

Dean Ian Hutchinson at MIT Department

of Nuclear Science and Engineering,

told Austrian Der Standard: “China and India

are very interested in nuclear energy. They won』t

abandon their plans because of Japan』s crisis.

This is a long-term strategic policy making.

To avoid pollution, they have no other choices.”

State Council Development Research Center』s

researcher Feng Fei told Voice of America

that China would use a more advanced

nuclear technology. However, drawing

on the lessons from Japan, China should

strengthen its crisis management ability.

Professor Hutchinson said, as most nuclear reactors

in China are designed by the West,

they are very new. Security depends on technology,

regulations and processes. One cannot judge

the regulations and processes in China.

Feng Fei believes that to ensure safety, China

needs to develop sufficient qualified personnel:

“Talents are one of the current bottlenecks.

The most important issue is the development

of nuclear talents, including operators,

high-quality constructors and supervisors.”

World Nuclear Association wrote in its report:

“It takes 4 – 8 years to train nuclear technicians.

The establishment of a safety culture takes longer.

In China, staff salaries are lower

than industry standard, and the number of nuclear

personnel is relatively small.

Lacking standards and technicians,

the nuclear industry』s corruption scandals

also reduce people』s confidence

in China』s nuclear reactor management ability.

Chinese BBC Online posted an article on March 21:

『Why is China’s nuclear safety a public concern?』

The article said that in China where info is opaque

and the government and enterprises

lack social responsibility, nuclear power plants』

operational safety is of concern.

System-bred corruption causes quality

and safety issues. Since the end of 2007,

there have been 3 high-level corruption cases

within China’s nuclear power system. The quality

of nuclear power is the most important issue.

NTD reporters Song Feng and Huang Rong