【新唐人2014年03月08日訊】中共國務院總理李克強在他的首份政府工作報告中表示，生態文明建設關係人民生活，關乎民族未來。霧霾天氣範圍擴大，環境污染矛盾突出，是大自然向粗放發展方式亮起的紅燈。不過，李克強卻在他的政府工作報告中，希望把GDP增速維持在7.5%。在當今的中國，抑制環境污染和GDP發展能共存嗎？請看報導。
李克強在3月5號的中共第12屆全國人大會議上強調，要像對貧困宣戰一樣，堅決向污染宣戰。
李克強說：「必須加強生態環境保護，用硬措施完成硬任務。他表示，今年要淘汰燃煤小鍋爐5萬臺，推進燃煤電廠脫硫改造1500萬千瓦、脫硝改造1.3億千瓦、除塵改造1.8億千瓦，淘汰黃標車和老舊車600萬輛等整治污染源措施。」
李克強的講話是中共政府有史以來就空氣污染髮表的最強硬表態，而且使用了「霧霾」這個很少被官方提及的措辭。
不過，李克強在他任內首份政府工作報告中也指明，今年的經濟增長目標是7.5%左右，與去年持平。
北京「達爾問環境研究所」所長赫曉霞認為，中共政府在很長時間內都會實施「把GDP放在首位」的政策。
北京達爾問環境研究所所長赫曉霞：「在很大程度上也的確是，經濟發展的代價，一個是環境的破壞、一個是一些人的身體健康是代價，的確是這樣。」
赫曉霞認為，從長遠來看，經濟發展和環境保護不會永遠呈現矛盾。
不過，大陸《財經網》也承認，除新疆、西藏等個別省區外，中國大陸絕大多數省區市的環境污染都已經相當嚴重。而且，治理環境至少面臨兩大難題：一個是高污染，高耗能產業難以向外轉移；另一個是能源結構難以改變。
中國民間環境保護人士張峻峰表示，目前，在中共上層和學術界對環境保護的理論不清楚，導致了中國處在經濟發展與環境污染和生態惡化，這樣一個怪圈之中。
中國民間環境保護人士張峻峰：「他們沒有認識到，GDP所追求的數值，和這種環境的惡化，是一種必然的關係。從現實的角度來看，現在的發展模式和追求的這個目標，是有點造成我們現在這樣的整體的環境，會造成極大的惡化。」
最近，中國大陸出現了最嚴重的霧霾天氣，部分地區空氣品質為「極重污染」或「危險」級別。
而中共官方發佈的《國際城市藍皮書：國際城市發展報告（2014）》中也認為，北京污染已接近不適合人類居住的程度。
實際上，在去年，由「亞洲開發銀行」與北京「清華大學」眾多專家，完成了《中國環境分析》報告。報告是根據對城市大氣中的總懸浮顆粒物、二氧化硫、和二氧化氮這3種完全污染物的濃度來測定。報告指出，在全球「10大污染城市」中，中國有7個城市入榜，他們是：太原、北京、烏魯木齊、蘭州、重慶、濟南和石家莊。
前中共總書記胡耀邦之子胡德平在去年撰文指出，三十年來中國GDP增長67倍，但人均國民收入只增長12倍。
而國家統計局對十幾萬戶居民家庭的調查也發現，從1978年到2012年，扣除物價上漲因素後，全國城鎮居民人均可支配收入實際增長10.5倍；全國農村居民人均純收入實際增長10.8倍。
新加坡《國立大學東亞研究所》研究員陳剛在「英國廣播公司《BBC》」撰文，他提出，在中國現有的權力和經濟結構中，每年創造出來的新增財富有90%以上歸了一小部分人口，那麼大多數人對8%還是7%的GDP增速是毫無興趣的。
陳剛指出，大城市的「住房夢」在GDP的呼嘯聲中離民眾越來越遠，交通、醫療、子女教育甚至就業，都在經濟的快速增長中變得越來越困難；人際關係、親情、友情也在經濟發展中變得日益冷漠；社會治安、食品安全、人們的道德水準都呈下滑趨勢。
陳剛認為，如果政府陷入追求GDP的瘋狂遊戲中，只能會令民眾的生存「雪上加霾」。
採訪/張天宇 編輯/宋風 後製/李智遠
The CCP＇s dilemma: Haze control or GDP growth?
In the State Council＇s annual work report, the
Chinese Communist Party＇s (CCP) premier Li Keqiang said the
improvement of the ecological condition is critical to
China’s future and its people＇s life.
Worsening haze and pollution problem are “nature＇s red-light
warning" against the model of inefficient
and blind development.
On the other hand, Li set the GDP growth target to be 7.5%,
unchanged from last year.
In present China, is it possible to control pollution simultaneously
whilst seeking GDP growth?
Let＇s look at the following report.
On 5th March, Li Keqiang presented a report at the CCP＇s 12th
National People’s Congress.
He claimed that the party will fight pollution in the same
way it fought poverty in previous decades.
Li said it is a must to strengthen environmental protection.
The task has to be accomplished with mandatory measures.
According to Li＇s report, the CCP authority plans to shut
down 50,000 small coal-fired furnaces, install
desulphurization facilities in thermal power plants with a
capacity of 15 million kilowatt (kW), install denitrification
facilities in plants with a capacity of 130 million kW,
install dust control device on those with a capacity of
180 million kW, ban 6 million old vehicles from the road and
take other measures of pollution control across China.
Li＇s report makes the strongest voice across the party＇s
history in fighting air pollution.
He also mentioned the word “haze", which was rarely
seen in official statements.
On the other hand, in his first government work report as
premier, Li said the target for economic growth in 2014 is
still 7.5%, unchanged from last year.
Hao Xiaoxia, director of Darwin Institute for Environment in
Beijing, said the CCP authority would stick to its
“GDP comes first" policy for a long period of time.
Hao Xiaoxia, Director of Darwin Institute for Environment:
It is largely true that the cost of economic growth causes the
destruction of nature and health problems of many people.
It is indeed like that.
Hao believes that, in the long run, economic development will
not always contradict environmental protection.
Chinese online financial media Caixin.com admitted that except
in a few provinces such as Xinjiang and Tibet, pollution has
become extremely serious in most parts of China.
In addition, there exist at least two difficulties in
pollution control: Firstly, it is hard to move those polluting
industries with high energy costs;
Secondly, it is hard to change China＇s
current energy structure.
Chinese environmental activist Zhang Junfeng said, the CCP’s
leadership group and leading scholars still know little about
the theories of environmental protection.
That is why China is trapped in a dilemma between economic
growth and pollution/ecological problems.
Zhang Junfeng, Chinese environmental activist: They have yet
to realize that there is a necessary link between seeking a
nice number for GDP growth and environmental deterioration.
Realistically speaking, the current model of development and
the economic target have resulted in serious problems in the
overall environmental condition in China.
In recent years, mainland China frequently sees extreme levels
of heavy haze.
In some regions, the air quality was identified to be at the
level of “extreme pollution” and “dangerous" to human health.
The CCP has officially released the 2014 annual report
of international municipal development.
The report also said that the pollution in Beijing has been
so serious that the city is no longer suitable for
humans to live in.
Last year, Asian Development Bank and a group of scholars from
Tsinghua University completed a report of
“Analysis of China＇s Natural Environment".
The report evaluated pollution by measuring the air
concentration of three kinds of pollutants: suspended
particles, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.
The report said, there are seven Chinese cities in the list of
top ten polluted cities in the world.
They are Taiyuan, Beijing, Urumqi, Lanzhou,
Chongqing, Jinan and Shijiazhuang.
Hu Deping, the son of former CCP general secretary Hu Yaobang,
wrote in 2013 that China＇s income per capita only increased
by a factor of 12 in the past three decades, compared to
GDP growth factor of 67.
The CCP’s State Statistics Bureau made a survey among
over 100,000 families.
It found that, after adjustment by inflation factors, China＇s
disposable income per capita has increased by 10.5 times
from 1978 to 2012;
the income per capita in rural areas has increased
by 10.8 times.
Chen Gang, a researcher at the East Asian Institute at the
National University of Singapore, wrote an article
for the BBC.
Chen said, under China＇s current political and economic
structure, over 90% of new wealth created every year would
flow into the pockets of a very small group of families.
Therefore, most Chinese have no interest in China＇s GDP
growth ratio, being like 7% or 8%.
Chen said, “GDP comes first" has made “buying a house" in big
cities a dream too far away for most Chinese people.
Transportation, medical care, education and job hunting, every
aspect of life has become more difficult in the
so-called “economic development".
Furthermore, seeking money makes people more indifferent to
others, even their family members and friends.
The public security, food safety and social morals continue
to become worse.
Chen believes that, if the CCP continues its crazy game of
seeking GDP growth, the Chinese people ＇s living conditions
will become even worse.
Interview/Zhang Tianyu Edit/SongFeng Post-Production/Li Zhiyuan