【新唐人2013年12月19日訊】「北京大學」經濟學教授張維迎，最近被媒體授予「年度最具影響力經濟學家獎」。他在獲獎感言中說，經濟學家須有獨立的精神才能真正影響社會，他還說，「計劃經濟」導致了人類歷史上一個巨大的災難。這篇感言被中共宣傳部門封殺。他的微博帳號也消失無蹤。

「2014年網易經濟學家年會」12月16號在北京舉行，包括前美聯儲主席艾倫•格林斯潘、和諾貝爾經濟學獎得主託馬斯•薩金特，以及來自中國的經濟學家茅於軾、張維迎，和企業家宗慶後、任志強、劉永好等60多人，就十八屆三中全會後的中國局勢進行了交流。

同一天還舉行了「年度最具影響力經濟學家」頒獎，由「北京大學」經濟學教授張維迎獲獎。張維迎的獲獎感言「經濟學家須有真正獨立的精神」，目前遭到當局封殺。

18號，張維迎接受《新唐人》採訪時重申，經濟學家要有自己獨立的觀點來影響社會，但是堅持獨立精神，在中國尤其不容易。

北京大學經濟學教授張維迎：「在現實中你會受到各種誘惑。還有可能包括一些政治的問題，所以堅持獨立精神來講，尤其在中國，不是一件很容易的事情。所以這一點要特別的強調一下。我覺得很大一部分在中國還有言論思想的不自由，輿論的控制，好多的觀點，人們還是不能夠自由的表達。」

張維迎的獲獎感言說，在很長一段時間內，世界上有1/3的人選擇了一種經濟制度，這個經濟制度就叫「計劃經濟」。人們曾經以為「計劃經濟」可以為他們帶來最大的利益，可是現在知道，這是一個非常錯誤的理念。

張維迎：「那是因為計劃經濟本身剝奪人的自由，它不尊重人的權利，包括產權，包括人權，它也不能使人的創造力能夠發揮出來。所以等於扼殺了人的創造性。而我們人類的進步，我們生活的改善，其實都是依賴於我們人類的創造性。計劃經濟它把人的創造性，人的主動性，自主性，全部給扼殺掉了。所以它不大可能給人類帶來好處。」

在中國，「計劃經濟」處於長期壟斷的地位。張維迎指出，最初「計劃經濟」是出於一種錯誤的理念，因為人們追求平等，以為「計劃經濟」可以解決人的不平等。但事實上，人與人之間，因為「計劃經濟」，反而更不平等。

張維迎：「這種不平等不是基於市場自由交換造成的。而是基於某一種特權，某一種壟斷的權力導致的。那麼到後來，一旦這種錯誤的思想變成一種體制，變成制度之後，那就也會產生既得利益者。那既得利益者他們又積極性維護這種體制。」

張維迎表示，在「計劃經濟」下生活的人民都很貧困，甚至生靈塗炭。

張維迎：「像中國搞的這個大躍進，還有最後文化大革命，它造成數千萬人生命的損失。這當然是人類歷史上非常大的災難。像蘇聯這種體制也一樣，蘇聯人民長期生活在壓抑，不僅沒有自由，而且生活在一種食品、用品都高度短缺的情況下。我想相對於自由世界來講，當然它給人類帶來的災難是很大的。」

張維迎指出，「計劃經濟」跟專制獨裁密不可分。因為當權者實行「計劃經濟」，一定要剝奪個人的自由。

張維迎：「如果一個社會不剝奪個人的自由的話，那麼你是不可能去由政府的命令指揮個人，你讓他幹甚麼他就幹甚麼。如果每個人都有自由的話，他總是希望自己做出選擇。他可以自由的表達，或自由的選擇就業，自由的選擇開辦工廠、企業。那這個計劃經濟是不可能存在的。」

上世紀80年代，張維迎在國家體改委「中國經濟體制改革研究所」工作。1994年，擔任「北京大學」中國經濟研究中心副教授，1997年升職為教授。1999年，張維迎擔任「北京大學光華管理學院」副院長，2006年升任院長，至2010年卸職。

採訪編輯/秦雪 後製/陳建銘

Zhang Weiying was Banned for Criticizing the

Planned Economy after Award

Peking University Economics Professor Zhang Weiying, was

recently awarded, the “most influential economist of the year"

by the media.

In his acceptance speech he said economists must have an

independent spirit, which can really have a social impact.

He also said that a “planned economy" has resulted in a

great disaster for human history.

This speech has been forced-out by the

Chinese Communist Party’s CCPs propaganda department.

His Weibo account has also disappeared.

On the 16th December, the 2014 economists Annual Meeting

from NetEase was held in Beijing.

Former Chairman Alan Greenspan, Nobel laureate Thomas

Sargent, economist Mao Yushi, Zhang Weiying from China, and

entrepreneur Zong Qinghou, Liu Yonghao in total, 60 people

exchanged idea regarding China’s situation after the Third Plenary

Session of the eighth CPC Centre committee.

On the same day, Peking University Economics Professor

Zhang Weiying was awarded the most influential economist

of the year.

Zhang Weiying’s acceptance speech, “economists need real

independent spirit" is currently banned by the authorities.

18, Zhang Weiying reiterated during a New Tang Dynasty TV,

(NTD TV) interview that economists should have their own

views to influence society, but it is especially hard to

insist upon the independent spirit in China.

Peking University Economics professor Zhang Weiying:

there is a variety of temptations in reality

including some political problems.

So I specially stressed that it is not easy to insist

upon having an independent spirit in China.

I think the biggest reason that people can’t express

themselves freely is because of repressed opinion and speech.

In Zhang Weiying’s acceptance speech, he said that a third of

the population in the world is running under a planned economy

system for the long term.

It was once thought that a planned economy can bring the

greatest benefit for people; but it is quite a wrong idea as

we know now.

Zhang Weiying: It is because the planned economy itself

deprives of human freedom.

It does not respect human rights, including property rights and

strangles people’s creativity.

In fact, our human development and life improvement

all rely on creativity.

The planned economy killed off people’s creativity,

people’s initiative and motivation.

So it is unlikely to benefit human beings.

In China, the planned economy has been monopolized

for the long-term.

Zhang Weiying pointed out that the initial planned economy

was born out of a wrong idea that people pursued equality and

believed that planned economy could solve inequality.

But in fact, there is more inequality between people,

because of a planned economy.

Zhang Weiying: Such inequality is not result of a free trading

market, but of privilege and a monopoly on power.

Later, once an erroneous idea becomes a system, it will

generate some vested interests.

So those vested interests will try to maintain such

a system rigorously.

Zhang Weiying said under a planned economy, people are living

below the poverty line and even in great misery.

Zhang Weiying: the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural

Revolution in China resulted in thousands of people,

losing their lives.

For sure, it is a very big disaster in human history.

The same as in the Soviet Union, people lived in a subdued

atmosphere with food and supplies in high shortage

and nothing was free.

It’s a big disaster for humans comparing it to the free world.

Zhang Weiying noted that there is an inextricable connection

between a planned economy and dictatorship because

implementing a planned economy must deprive personal freedom.

Weiying: It’s impossible to direct an individual by government

without depriving his liberty.

People always want to make their own choices freely.

If one is free to express, seek employment, open a factory or

enterprises, the planned economy will not exist.

In the 1980s, Zhang Weiying was working at the Institute of

China Economic System Reforms which belongs to the state

commission for structural reforms.

In 1994, he was the Peking University Associate Professor

of the China Economic Research Center,

in 1997 he was promoted to professor.

In 1999, Zhang Weiying was at the Peking University

Guanghua Management School as vice president and was

promoted to president in 2006 and stepped down in 2010.

Interview & Edit/Qin Xue Post-Production/Chen Jianming