【新唐人2013年02月16日訊】2013年中共「中央一號文件」提出：發展家庭農場，鼓勵和支持承包土地向專業大戶、家庭農場、農民合作社流轉。不過專家認為，「家庭農場」的概念不合時宜，而且「土地可以向專業大戶流轉」，是共產黨正式向農村掠奪土地的開始。一旦土地集中流轉以後，眾多失地農民將像當年工人下崗一樣，沒有其他謀生手段，隨時都會一無所有。

所謂「中央一號文件」，已經成為中共中央針對「農村問題」的專有名詞。

2013年的一號文件首次提出「家庭農場」概念，鼓勵和支持農民承包土地並且向「專業大戶、家庭農場、農民合作社流轉」。有網民擔憂，土地轉讓集中後，誰來維護眾多失地農民的權益？

美國「南卡羅來納大學艾肯商學院」教授，中國問題專家謝田博士表示，「家庭農場」概念，和世界農業現代化的趨勢，顯然背道而行。

美國「南卡羅來納大學艾肯商學院」教授謝田：「因為中國農業實際上如果真向現代化發展的話，必須走大農場的概念，走向機械化的概念，走向美國農業的概念，而大農業機械化土地必需連在一起，它現在以家庭成員作為主要勞動力，不是像地主一樣的可以大量的僱用農業工人來作，所以這實際上是很荒唐的，和世界農業現代化的趨勢顯然是相違反的。」

據農業部官員解釋，「家庭農場」是指以家庭成員為主要勞動力，從事農業規模化、商品化生產經營，並以農業收入為家庭主要收入來源的農業經營主體，主要在推進現代農業的發展。

謝田：「中共每年的一號文件，都是關於農業的，過去大概十幾年來都是這樣，那今天可能改頭換面，提出家庭農場的概念，從農業現代化的趨勢上是落後的，從法律制度上是反動的，實際上是給權貴階層以機會，可以大量的去截取農民的土地，一號文件也好，家庭農場也好，實際上就是一個……共產黨的最後一次掠奪正式的開始。」

謝田進一步介紹，所謂「土地可以向專業大戶流轉」的後果。

謝田：「但是它又提到說，這些家庭農場承包的土地可以向專業大戶流轉，我覺得這實際上就是給中共新的權貴階層開了綠燈，給他們創造了大量吞併這樣一個方便之門，房地產業的發展，實際上就是把城市周邊的土地，農田變成城市的土地，而大量的蓋房子，讓中共的貪官賺了一大筆錢，現在等於把他們的觸角伸向廣大的真正的農田，農村的土地。」

據統計，中共當局已在上海松江、湖北武漢、吉林延邊和浙江寧波等地建立6,670多個家庭農場。

北京《國情內參》期刊首席研究員鞏勝利：「這項政策…你想想看，一個政策，一個國家的法律，連續二、三十年都不能到達位置，而且今天變明天變，變來變去，這個國家怎麼不紊亂啊?據資料統計，中國到2012年底，中國城鎮化程度已經達到……這是中國官方的數據，達到了51%，我估計中國城鎮化可能要達到70%以上。」

有網民指出，當局催生「家庭農場」，實際上是通過土地流轉，將農村土地逐步轉讓給種植大戶，貌似可提高生產效率，問題是，將土地轉讓出去，為數更多的農民怎麼辦？土地流轉真正是為了誰的利益？也有網民認為，重要的是讓農民分流，或成為農業工人，或成為技術工人，千萬不能像當年工人下崗一樣，沒有其他謀生手段，隨時都會一無所有。

北京《國情內參》期刊首席研究員鞏勝利認為，一號文件越多，對中國的穩定性越麻煩，因為說明國家作不了主，讓黨的文件來作事，鞏勝利說，這些文件出籠，中國基本上無法真正法治化。

採訪/劉惠 編輯/周平 後製/孫寧

The Last Communist Plunder Starts

Document No. 1 issued by the Chinese Communist Party’s

Central Committee advocates family farms in China.

It encourages and supports the resale of contracted lands to

large farming contractors, family farms, and to farmer co-ops.

Experts say that the family farm policy is improper in China.

The permission for concentrated land resale to large farming

contractors signals the CCP’s plundering has started in rural areas.

Landless peasants will soon face the same plight as

laid-off urban workers, deprived of a means of living.

The term “Document No. 1 issued by the CCP Central

Committee" refers to the specific Party policy on rural issues".

The 2013 Document No. 1 for the first time puts forth

a concept of the “family farm".

It encourages and supports farmers to contract lands and

to “resell them to large professional farming contractors, family farms, to farmers co-ops.”

Some netizens asked, after high volumes of land resale,

who will safeguard the rights and interests of landless peasants?

Dr. Xie Tian, professor at University of South Carolina-Aiken,

says that “family farm" is a notion contradicting the trend of agricultural modernization.

Prof. Xie Tian: “The modernization of China’s agriculture

has to take the path of large-scale mechanized farming, like that in the U.S..

But that should be based on stretched lands.

Now China encourages family members to serve as

primary farm labor forces.

They cannot hire as many farm laborers as landlords did

in the past.

So the policy is ludicrous, it’s clearly against the trend of

agricultural modernization.”

The CCP agricultural authorities define the “family farm" as

referring to family members who form the main labor force

to scale up agricultural commercial production and operation.

The authorities call such households farm business entities,

with farming income as their major source of income.

They are established with the goal of advancing the

modernization of agriculture.

Xie Tian: “Each year, the Document No. 1 is about

agricultural policy, the CCP has done this all these years.

Now it puts forward the concept of a family farm.

The policy is backward in terms of agricultural modernization.

Legally, it’s reactive but creates chances for the privileged

strata to grab land on a large scale.

So either it’s Document No. 1 or in the name of family farm,

in essence, it marks the beginning of CCP’s last plunder.”

Xie Tian analyzes the aftermath of the policy of

“reselling lands to large professional farming contractors”.

Xie Tian: “It also advocates resale of family contracted lands

to large professional farming contractors.

I view it as a green light given to CCP newborn top strata.

This helps corrupt CCP officials to get large-scale land

acquisitions to make big money.

That is, turning peri-urban farmlands into urban lands to

build a lot of houses.”

Reportedly, the CCP authorities have established

over 6,600 family farms in Songjiang, Wuhan, Yanbian, Ningbo, among others.

(Chief researcher, China Realities Insight Journal)

Gong Shengli: “The CCP’s policy has been subject to change

For over 20 years, how can this country not be disordered?

The official data shows that by the end of 2012, China has

51% urbanization, the actual figure is over 70%, I think.”

Some netizens have questioned the Family Farm policy.

They said that the authorities’ advocacy of land resale to

large planting contractors seemingly helps improve production efficiency.

Yet the problem is, with vast land resale,

what is to be done for all those landless farmers?

Who are the real beneficiaries of the land resale?

Some have commented that it’s important to resettle

farmers, to make them become farm or skilled workers.

Otherwise, they’ll be like laid-off urban workers, without any

other means of living, and so living on almost nothing.

Gong Shengli said that the longer Document No. 1 is issued,

the more unstable China will become.

Since the practice indicates that only Party documents

have the decisive say on state affairs in China.

These Party documents have actually made the rule of law

impossible in China, Gong remarks.