【新唐人2013年08月14日讯】丹麦赫尔辛格市议员亚朗（Fuat Yalan）最近脱口说出，“希望高温烧死中国人”，此举不但在丹麦引起轩然大波，也引发中国网民的挞伐，亚朗事后也提出道歉。目前，中国遭遇盛夏高温，至少超过40个城市，气温超过摄氏40度，老百姓叫苦连天。到底是什么原因导致了这次罕见的高温天气呢？有不少网民认为，创新的高温恐怕与“三峡”大坝拦水和南水北调有关。我们来看专家的分析。
7月以来，中国南方上海、浙江、湖南、贵州等多个省份，高温热浪强度为1951年以来最高。与此同时，平均降水量仅为99.2毫米，较常年同期偏少一半以上，为1951年以来历史同期最少。其中，浙江省奉化市最高气温已经突破摄氏43度，连续一周蝉联中国“高温之冠”。
持续高温让中国素有“水乡泽国”之称的长江中下游地带，呈现一大片干旱，创新的高温记录已经给民众带来了灾难性的影响。据统计，截至8月8号，湖南、贵州、湖北、江西、浙江、重庆、安徽等大约有4682.5万人受灾，直接经济损失263.9亿元。
高温烤焦了西湖龙井茶树、浙江大量干枯的蔬菜，重庆10万亩农作物受灾，各地频频传出灾情。有专家认为，大陆高温天气的出现是由于北亚地区的副热带高压系统阻碍了云团的形成。但专家同时指出，城市化进程加快以及全球气候变暖也导致高温现象加剧。
另外，不少网民提出，真正原因恐怕与“三峡”大坝拦水和南水北调有关。
水利专家王维洛：“重庆按照中国（共）政府当时做的三峡工程环境评估报告来看的，重庆应该起码能够在最高气温降低4度，那么就是说，重庆最高气温是不能超过38度，而今年重庆的气温已经达到42度，现在这个事实，就是推翻了中国政府所说的三峡工程对气候的影响很小的这个结论。”
旅居德国的水利专家王维洛2006年曾撰文指出，1986年三峡大坝的第一次环评报告结论是：三峡工程对环境的影响是弊大于利。不过，对这个结论中央决策层表示不满意。1991年中共国务院三峡工程审查小组否定了这个报告。原生态与环境组副组长方子云出任环境二组组长后，负责重新编写环评报告。最后拍版定案的结论是：三峡工程对环境的影响是利大于弊。
方子云在1992年发表了三峡工程系列丛书的《生态与环境》，预测极端最高气温可下降约4摄氏度，极端最低温度增高3摄氏度左右。当时中共当局把他的观点进行大肆宣传，推销三峡工程是一个天然空调机。
水利专家王维洛：“三峡工程送上马以后，在今年重庆就多次突破它的最高气温，突破历史最高气温，所以三峡工程也没有发挥它的所谓的空调机的作用，没有使最高气温下降4度，而是最高气温还有所增加。”
事实证明，三峡工程并没有使重庆冬暖夏凉，反而成为一个大火炉。大坝成为人工屏障，水汽无法正常进出四川盆地循环交替，高温就随之而生。
重庆成了现在中国极端恶劣气候的代表，干旱时可以连续两个月高温无雨，50天气温超过40度﹔暴雨时也可以两天之内降下300mm，占全年降水量的1/4。
王维洛指出，当年提出三峡大坝工程“利多于弊”主张的所谓专家，终身享受政府的特殊津贴，不用为环评报告的错误结论承担任何责任，但工程的费用却由全中国的老百姓买单。
采访/陈汉 编辑/黄亿美 后制/郭敬
Rare High Temperature in China Comes from Three Gorges Dam
Fuat Yalang, a Denmark city council member,
recently blurted out,
“I hope the Chinese people get burned to death
by the high temperature."
Yalang’s remark caused an uproar in both Denmark
and China, and he had to apologize afterwards.
Currently, China is experiencing a hot summer.
The temperature in more than 40 cities exceeded
104 degrees, causing people to suffer a great deal.
What caused such unusually hot weather?
Many netizens believe it has something to do with
the Three Gorges Dam. Let’s look at the experts’ analysis.
Since July, a heat wave in Southern China’s Shanghai,
Zhejiang, Hunan, Guizhou and other provinces was the strongest since 1951.
Meanwhile, the average annual rainfall was only half
of the same period of the year, the lowest since 1951.
Among them, Fenghua City in Zhejiang Province
reached 109 degrees, becoming “the hottest city in China" for an entire week.
Continuous high temperatures brought a large drought
to the middle-lower Yangtze River area, the well-known water and flood region.
Record high-temperatures have brought disastrous
effects to the public.
According to statistics, as of August 8, 46 million
people from various provinces were affected and the direct economic loss was 26.39 billion yuan.
Due to the high heat, Longjing tea trees in West Lake
were scorched and a large amount of dry vegetables appeared in Zhejiang.
1.6 million acres of crops were affected in Chongqing.
Some experts believe that China’s hot weather resulted
from the North Asia subtropical system hindering the formation of clouds.
However, they also pointed out that urbanization
and global warming were also factors.
Many netizens suggested that the real culprit
is probably the Three Gorges Dam.
Water expert Wang Weiluo: “According
to the Chongqing government’s environmental
assessment report at that time, Chongqing’s maximum
temperature should not exceed 100 degrees.
This year, Chongqing’s temperature has reached
107 degrees.
Thus, it has overthrown the government’s conclusion
that the Three Gorges Project has little effect on the climate."
In 2006, Wang Weiluo, water expert in Germany,
pointed out that
the first assessment of the Three Gorges Project
in 1986 did more harm than good.
However, the decision-making group was
dissatisfied with that conclusion.
In 1991, the State Council Three Gorges Project
Review Panel negated the report.
Fang Ziyun, former deputy director of ecology
and environment, was responsible for rewriting the assessment.
The final conclusion was that the positive
environmental impact of the Three Gorges Project outweighs the negative.
In 1992, Fang Ziyun published Ecology and Environment,
listing the environmental impact of the Three Gorges Dam.
He estimated that the maximum temperature could
be reduced by about 7 degrees, and the extreme minimum temperature could increase by 5 degrees.
At that time the Chinese authorities tried to hype up
his view, claiming that the Three Gorges Project is a natural coolant.
Water expert Wang Weiluo: “Since the project started,
Chongqing had record–breaking temperatures a few times.
The Three Gorges Dam did not play the role
of an air conditioner.
The maximum temperature did not drop
but increased instead."
It turns out that the dam has not kept Chongqing cool
in summer, but has turned Chongqing into a big oven.
The man-made dam became an artificial barrier,
preventing moisture from circulating smoothly around the Sichuan Basin, and causing heat to accumulate.
Chongqing has now become the representative
of extreme weather in China.
With its high temperature, no rain and drought
can last for two consecutive months, and 50 days of high heat over 104 degrees.
It can also have 12 inches of rain in two days,
and that is a quarter of the annual rainfall.
Wang Weiluo also pointed out that the experts
of the Three Gorges Dam, by proposing more good
than harm, are enjoying lifelong special allowances now,
assuming no responsibility for their wrong conclusions.
However, it is all the Chinese people who
have to pay for the cost of the dam.
