【新唐人2014年07月18日訊】在前蘇聯解體23年後，俄羅斯有多個地方推出了揭露蘇共迫害的旅遊線路。其中包括參觀莫斯科市中心的前蘇聯秘密警察——克格勃的總部，還有沿著莫斯科的果戈裡林蔭大道，遊客可以了解到許多重要建築的歷史，和蘇共掌權後城市的變化。這讓中國人表現出了濃厚的興趣。為甚麼呢？我們一起去看看。
這是俄羅斯一家名為「紀念碑」的人權組織，在莫斯科推出的一個持續兩天的免費參觀遊覽項目。
據介紹，前蘇聯秘密警察——克格勃的總部大樓，地下室曾是秘密監獄。僅在1937年就有2500多人被關押在這裡，活著出來的只有24個人。而且這裡的牢房，序號都不連續，為的是不讓被關押者猜到自己在樓中的所在位置。前蘇聯異議作家、諾貝爾文學獎得主索爾仁尼琴就曾被關押在這個地下室監獄裡。
在莫斯科市中心附近的前蘇聯的最高軍事法庭的大樓裡，當斯大林「大清洗」達到高潮時，這裡的法官就像流水線上工人一樣，10幾分鐘就宣判一個人死刑。已知在被這裡被判死的人數超過了4萬。另據秘密警察檔案，僅在1937年到1938年一年中，斯大林本人就簽署了對681,692人的處決。
原山東大學教授孫文廣：「我覺得在現在俄羅斯能夠組織這樣的旅遊項目，這是非常非常好的一個事情。如果有可能，我還想去看看。因為蘇聯統治時期是一個共產暴力恐怖，非常殘暴。要認識共產主義的罪惡的話，那麼到俄羅斯去看一看，那是非常好的，特別大陸的人。」
在兩天的旅遊中，果戈裡林蔭大道旁的「救世主大教堂」的歷史變遷引人關注。這座原本極具俄羅斯傳統文化色彩的、莫斯科地標性建築之一的大教堂，在蘇共上臺後，被徹底炸成渣土。蘇共原計劃在此修一座蘇維埃大廈和列寧塑像，但未沒有實施。在蘇聯解體後，這裡又重建了「救世主大教堂」。
大陸南方街頭運動的積極參與者歐彪峰：「我覺得推出這種旅遊項目非常好！它對世人也是一種警醒，讓現代人都了解蘇聯曾經對人權的踐踏，克格勃對人類犯下的滔天罪行。如果條件允許，我也希望能夠去看。」
據「紀念碑」組織的遊覽項目負責人介紹，這些旅遊內容屬於「紅色恐怖地形圖」的項目，這個項目還包括了研討會、實地考察和開網頁等等。自從他們2013去年推出這些內容後，外界的需求越來越大，他們正考慮要開設英文導遊的服務。
孫文廣：「共產主義運動做為一個世界性的潮流，那它的罪行是罄竹難書。如果把這些真實的東西拿出來，給大家看，那對我們認識過去幾十年的共產統治，是非常好的活生生的曆歷史教材，很多青年人不知道。」
據報導，在俄羅斯東歐平原上的科米共和國、遠東聯邦區的馬加丹州和西北部的聖彼得堡市，都有揭露蘇共迫害的遊覽項目，如古拉格集中營等。
在世界各地受過共產黨迫害的國家裏，也都建有類似的紀念行活動和建築。如：愛沙尼亞為被共產政權迫害致死的人們建立了紀念碑，拉脫維亞把每年的6月14號定為「悼念共產黨民族滅絕遇難者日」，柬埔寨在紅色高棉政權的「第21號安全監獄」的舊址上，建立了「大屠殺博物館」。
歐彪峰：「共產黨它整個這個意識形態就是反人性的。我希望在中國極權政權崩槃盤以後，能夠也有這個活動，讓後人看看中共這個獨裁極權、這個暴政曾經犯下的邪惡的、完全違背人類良知的，那種沒有底線的滔天罪行。」
原東德共產黨總書記昂納克，曾下令對穿越兩德邊境的東德逃亡者開槍，1992年他在身患癌症的情況下，依舊被從智利遣返受審。在柬埔寨，特別法庭2007年對五名位接受中共支持的紅色高棉前領導人開庭，並指控他們犯下了反人類罪﹔分別以戰爭罪、反人類罪、酷刑和謀殺罪等對他們判刑，「最終判處第21號監獄」的監獄長康克最終被判處無期徒刑。而前羅馬尼亞共產黨總書記齊奧塞斯庫夫婦，在1989年12月共產黨垮臺後被民眾抓捕槍斃。
採採訪編輯/唐音 後製/李勇
Two-Day Trip to See Relics of The Communist Party of the
Soviet Union Persecution.
23 years after the breakup of the former Soviet Union, there
are several tourist trips to expose Soviet persecution in Russia.
They include a visit to former Soviet secret police – the KGB
headquarters at Moscow, and to Moscow Gogol Boulevard.
The visitors can learn many historical facts about the
important buildings, and the city changes under Soviet power.
Chinese people are showing great interest in it.
Why is that? Let’s take a look
This is a free two-day tour in Moscow launched by a Russian
human rights organization called Monument.
According to the report, the KGB headquarters building’s
basement was a secret prison.
In 1937 alone, 2,500 people were detained.
To prevent detainees guessing their location in the building,
the cell numbers are not consecutive.
Former Soviet dissident writer and Nobel Prize winner
Alexander Solzhenitsyn was held in the basement.
In the highest military court building of central Moscow, of
the former Soviet union, the judge was like an assembly line
worker for sentencing one person to death every 10 minutes
at the height of Stalin’s Great Purge .
It’s known that there were more than 40,000 dead here.
According to the secret police files, from 1937 to 1938,
Stalin himself signed 681,692 executions in that year.
Former Shandong University professor Sun Wenguang, “it’s
very good for Russia to organize such a tourism project.
I even want to take a look if possible because the Soviet
regime was very violent and horrible.
To mainland people, it’s very good to go to Russia and get
to know the communist evils.”
On the two day trip, the historical changes of the Cathedral of
Christ the Saviour near the Gogol Boulevard is very attractive.
This traditional Russian landmark building was completely
destroyed after the Soviet Communist Party came in.
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union planned to have a
Soviet edifice and Lenin statue, but nothing happened.
They rebuilt the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour here after
the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Southern Street Movement participator Ou Biaofeng “it’s
very good to launch such a tourism project.
It will wake up the world and help people to be aware of the
Soviet human rights abuses and KGB’s heinous crimes.
If possible, I would like to go.”
According to the Monument tour organizer’s introduction,
tour programs are from the Red Terror topographic map.
This also includes seminars, field trips and web pages.
They are considering adding English tour guide services
because of growing demand since last year’s launch.
Sun Wenguang, ”the communist movement crimes are too
many to record as a worldwide trend.
These true things are living history for us to know about the
communist rule in the past few decades.
Many young people do not know.”
There are similar commemorative activities and buildings in
countries which suffered the Communist persecution.
For example, there is a monument in memory of the dead
persecuted by the communist regime in Estonia;
Each June 14 is the Soviet Communist Genocide Victims’
Memorial Day in Latvia;
The Genocide Museum is located at the former Khmer
Rouge regime Security Prison 21 in Cambodia.
Ou Biaofeng, “the whole ideology of the Communist Party is
against humanity.
I hope there is such program in China before the Chinese
totalitarian regime collapses.
Then people can know the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
totalitarian dictatorship’s heinous evil crimes are against
humanity without end.”
Former General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party
Honecker ordered the shooting of East German fugitives.
They were crossing the border between the two German
areas.
Honecker was repatriated from Chile for trial in 1992 even
though he was suffering from cancer.
In Cambodia, the Special Court sentenced five former Khmer
Rouge leaders who accepted CCP support on war crimes,
crimes against humanity, torture and murder, in 2007. Prison
21 warden Concord was sentenced to life imprisonment.
The former general secretary of the Romania Communist
Party Ceausescu and his wife were arrested and shot by
people in December 1989 after the collapse of the
Communist Party.
Interview & Edit/TangYin Post-Production/LiYong
