【新唐人2013年08月16日訊】最近海內外很多媒體都刊登了一條消息：位於大陸杭州市郊的「天都城」小鎮複製法國巴黎面貌，不僅模仿巴黎的建築風格，還搭建艾菲爾鐵塔、凱旋門等地標。可是，本來可以容納10萬人的城鎮，現在只有2000人住，幾乎只剩下給新人拍婚紗的功能，成為名符其實的「鬼城」。請看報導。
「天都城」小鎮的設計預期容納10萬人居住，於2007年開始興建，全部完工預計要到2015年。
這裡的一切都仿造巴黎傳統建築，還有模仿得維妙維肖的艾菲爾鐵塔，只不過這個贗品，高只有108米，真正的艾菲爾鐵塔高324米。此外，還有仿造的香榭麗舍大道和巴黎戰神廣場，而在一片人工湖邊上，則有假的香波爾城堡和凡爾賽宮的公園。
然而，看似富麗堂皇的城鎮，平日大街上只能看到數十人出沒，估計居住在此的民眾不超過2000人。人們用「鬼城」來稱呼這個空蕩蕩的小鎮。
法國攝影記者馬特修（Matthew Niederhausser）居住在中國，他在個人的博客上說，「天都城」里許多空著的公寓都被工地的工人住上了﹔當地的農民則利用鐵塔旁的空地種起了蔬菜；此外，對於沒錢出國旅遊的新婚夫婦來說，倒也不失為一件美事，可以到這個「假巴黎」過把癮，租一套有「凱旋門」風景的300平方米大公寓度蜜月，一個月房租才500歐元。
獨立學人鞏勝利指出，杭州市是大陸省會城市房地產收入最高的，佔了財政收入的很大比例，遠超過其他城市，所以，它能駕馭很多房地產企業。
《國情內參》首席研究員鞏勝利：「一般的考慮這種環境與官商有關，因為國家的土地、官的投資，它不靠讓老百姓來住的，放那也是放，賣了也是賣，錢來的多與少，它有地方政府的財政保障。所以它就不急於出手。」
法國《城市建築》雜誌指出，當地直上雲霄的房價，將大部分人驅逐出了「天都城」。
台灣《旺報》引述「天都城」專案設計師盧曉天的話說，這是為了給大陸有錢人創造足不出戶的「異域風情」。《旺報》認為，建築「天都城」背後的意義，是為了推進GDP成長，這也是政府的首要目標。
大陸《新快報》指出，美國、日本基本沒有土地出讓收益，香港土地出讓收益一般只佔政府收入的12.9%，而大陸的土地出讓收入在地方財政總收入中佔30%以上。
實際上，在大肆開發房地產、追求GDP增長的同時，不僅大陸迅速造就了一批像內蒙古鄂爾多斯、呼和浩特清水河、巴彥淖爾、二連浩特，河南的鄭州鄭東新區、鶴壁，遼寧營口，江蘇常州、鎮江丹徒，湖北十堰，雲南呈貢等著名「鬼城」，還大大增加了地方政府的債務。中共財政部原部長項懷誠估計，今年的地方政府債務可能超過20萬億元，國外甚至有專家認為將超過40萬億元。
《新快報》指出，2011年對中國的地方政府性債務審計發現，12個省、307個市、1131個縣承諾用土地出讓收入作為償還債務來源，而實際上目前中國地方債務僅一年利息就達到1.2萬億元。
深圳當代社會觀察研究所所長劉開明表示，要改變中國現狀是難上加難。他認為，如果土地還是國家所有，想賣就賣，中共製造「鬼城」的怪圈還會延續下去。
深圳當代社會觀察研究所所長劉開明：「很重要的還是要確定私有財產，另外，政府它的收支要透明。土地歸私人所有的話，應該可以要好一點，當然對地方政府的財政來源開闢了一個監督。」
鞏勝利引述一位學者的話說，中國的土地、房地產產權只屬於國家，對這個國家的穩定是要命的。
採訪/朱智善 編輯/宋風 後製/陳建銘
China’s Replica of Paris Becomes “Ghost Town"
A town which is a replica of Paris, located on the outskirts of
Hangzhou, has become a heated topic for media in China and overseas.
The housing project, designed to house 100,000 residents
however, sees only about 2,000 people daily.
It has been reduced to a backdrop for wedding photos,
and has become known as a “ghost town".
The Tiandu community was designed to house
up to 100,000 residents.
The construction of Tiandu started in 2007,
it is expected to be fully completed by 2015.
In the town, all buildings are replicas of traditional
buildings in Paris.
One of them is a to-scale Eiffel Tower,
which is 108 meters high.
There are also replicas of the Avenue des Champs-Élysées
and Champ de Mars.
Near an artificial lake, stand dummies of the
Chambord Castle and the Park of Versailles.
However, the seemingly palatial town only sees several
dozens of people on the streets daily.
It is estimated that the town currently houses only around
2,000 residents, and is known as a “ghost town".
French photographer, Matthew Niederhausser,
now lives in China.
His micro-blog posts say that many migrant workers now
occupy the town’s apartments , and are idle.
Whilst local farmers have planted vegetables
in the unused lands beside the Tiandu Eiffel Tower.
For some non-wealthy Chinese honeymooners, the town
has become a substitute for a real trip to Paris.
Rent a 300 square meters apartment with “Arc de Triomphe"
landscape only cost 500 euros per month.
Gong Shengli, senior think-tank researcher in China,
says that Hangzhou tops the nation’s capital cities for its high proportion of real estate tax revenue.
For this reason the city has
attracted many property developers.
Gong Shengli: “Generally speaking, the situation is a
result of collusion between officials and businessmen.
In China, lands are state-owned, and
the authorities control property investments.
The property developers have gained bank loans,
as local authorities provide guarantees.
So they aren’t over eager
to sell the properties."
Reportedly, sky-high house prices have made
Tiandu inaccessible for most citizens.
Taiwan’s Want Daily quotes Lu Xiaotian,
project designer of the Tiandu community.
Lu says that this is an “exotic" housing project
designed for the wealthy mainlanders.
Want Daily speculates that the main reason behind
the Tiandu project is to boost local GDP.
It is the Chinese authorities’ No.1 priority.
China’s Xinkuai Daily reports that in the US or in Japan,
governments do not make profits from land selling.
In Hong Kong, land selling profit generally
account for 12.9% of government revenue.
Whilst in China, state-owned land sales contribute to
over 30% of local fiscal revenues.
In reality, heat waves of real estate development in China,
which aims to promote GDP growth, have created nationwide “ghost towns".
They spread over cities in Inner Mongolia, in Henan,
Liaoning, Jiangsu, Hubei, and in Yunnan provinces.
These housing projects have greatly increased
local government debt.
Xiang Huaicheng, ex-minister of Finance, has estimated
that local government debt may exceed 20 trillion yuan.
Foreign experts have reportedly said that
the figure may be over 40 trillion yuan.
Xinkuai Daily reports that in 2011, a national audit of
local-government debt shows that 12 provincial authorities,
307 municipal-level authorities and 1,131 county level
authorities have used land sales as debt guarantee.
Currently, the annual local debt interest has reached
1.2 trillion yuan.
Liu Kaiming, a think-tank director in Shenzhen, says
it is doubly difficult to change China’s status quo.
If the CCP continues to let lands be owned by the state,
and to control land transactions,
the occurrences of such uninhabited, unused
“ghost towns" will go on unchecked, he warns.
Liu Kaiming: “It’s very important to allow the existence of
private property.
Also, government income and spending should
be made public.
It will help improve the situation if lands can be
privately owned.
This is a watchdog against
local fiscal revenue. “
Gong Shengli quotes a scholar, that in China,
lands and real estate properties are owned by the state.
This policy is fatal for
the country’s stability.
