【新唐人2013年02月15日訊】美國總統歐巴馬2月12號在美國首都華盛頓國會山莊，發表國情咨文演說。歐巴馬在講話中強調網絡安全問題，當天並且簽署行政命令，幫助保護關鍵的美國行業電腦網絡，免於網絡攻擊，並催促國會立法採取進一步措施。專家分析歐巴馬在向中共發出強烈警告。
歐巴馬在一年一度的國情咨文裡說，美國的敵人在「尋求破壞我們的電網，我們的金融機構和我們的空中交通控制系統的能力。」 「現在，國會必須立法，給予我們政府更大的能力來保衛我們的網絡以及阻遏攻擊。」
歐巴馬的行政命令，要求在關鍵的經濟領域，比如銀行、電力和交通行業，建立一個保護電腦系統的自願標準。他也指示美國國防部和情報機構跟這些公司分享機密的威脅數據。這個命令將允許監管基礎設施，比如大壩、電網和金融機構的公司，加入一項實驗性計劃，政府將向承包商提供有關網絡威脅的即時報告。
「紐約城市大學」政治學教授夏明介紹歐巴馬的國情咨文內容，他說，歐巴馬首先談到美國面臨的挑戰和威脅。他先點了三個國家，一個是北韓，一個是伊朗，指出他們在核武器上的挑釁，威脅國際和平。然後談到俄國，他希望加強核武器方面的合作。然後，歐巴馬很快轉入美國網絡安全問題。
紐約城市大學政治學教授夏明：「（歐巴馬）提出美國現在受到的國家安全最大威脅來自於網絡入侵。而且談到網絡對美國政治，經濟，金融，和美國個人生活都形成巨大威脅的國家安全問題。雖然沒有點中國的名，但是我們都知道，就在國情咨文之前，在過去的幾個星期，美國的媒體主要談的網絡攻擊主要來自於一個國家，就是中國。」
夏明分析說，歐巴馬總統有關網絡安全的講話，就像是在進行全國動員令，他認為，中美網絡戰爭已經開戰。
夏明：「當美國總統今天又簽署了網絡安全行政命令，我覺得這點就非常清楚了。他們認為，第一，網絡安全現在是對美國的國家安全形成的最大挑戰。第二，顯然這個挑戰來自於中國。第三，現在他們要進行全國一種協調，要在國家層面協調私營企業和美國各部門。」
據《紐約時報》報導說，黑客越來越利用安全缺失，得以進入美國最重要的基礎設施。根據國土安全部的報告，國土安全部已經以「驚人的頻率」，處理了對石油管道和電網組織的入侵。去年國土安全部收到198次針對美國關鍵基礎設施系統的攻擊報告。有幾次攻擊成功進行。黑客去年侵入幾個天然氣管道系統，並盜竊了「可能方便遠端非授權操作」的數據。
夏明分析說，在接下來的行動當中，美國需要把所有公司、大學、個人用戶受到的網絡攻擊信息匯總，評估中國對美國全方位網絡攻擊的規模、深度和頻率。除了加強防禦，美國或許也會主動進攻。
夏明：「現在我們看到，各個部門尤其國防部大量招募黑客，由他們進行網絡安全方面的工作。因為美國有世界上最優秀的創新人才，我覺得美國也會採取適當的措施對中國的網絡進行反擊，甚至進行攻擊。尤其像中國的防火牆，美國恐怕也不會被動的讓中國對美國進行攻擊，我想美國恐怕會協調行動，對中國採取的破壞網絡開放性和自由性的基礎設施，我想恐怕也會進行攻擊。」
夏明分析說，美國政府一直在幫助開發突破防火牆的軟件，包括「自由門」等。此外，夏明認為，中美要博弈的話，需要讓對方相信自己掌握有更高的技術制高點，美國一定要在網絡戰爭上顯示出實力，不能輸給中國。
採訪編輯/秦雪 後製/肖顏
US to Strengthen Network Security
US President Barack Obama had the State of the Union (SU)
speech in Capitol Hill in Washington DC, on February 12.
Obama stressed the issue of network security in his speech,
and signed an executive order to help protect critical US industrial computer networks against cyber-attacks.
Obama urged congressional legislation to take further measures.
Experts analyze that Obama issued a strong warning
to China’s Communist Party (CCP).
Obama said in his annual SU address: “Now our enemies are
also seeking the ability to sabotage our power grid, our financial institutions, our air traffic control systems.”
“Now Congress must act, as well, by passing legislation
to give our government a greater capacity to secure our networks and deter attacks.”
The executive orders and requirements establish a voluntary
standard to protect the computer system in key economic areas, like banks, power grids and transportation industries.
Obama also indicates that the US Department of Defense
and intelligence agencies share confidential data with these companies.
These orders allow companies regulating infrastructures,
like dams, power grids and finance, to join an experimental program.
The government will provide the contractor
with instant reports about network threats.
New York City University political science professor
Xia Ming discussed Obama’s State of the Union speech.
Xia said, Obama firstly talked about the challenges
and threats the US is facing.
Obama discussed North Korea and Iran, and their possession
of nuclear weapons, which threatens international peace.
Then, Obama talked about Russia and his hopes
to strengthen cooperation in nuclear weapons’ efforts.
Later, US’ network security issues were brought up.
Xia Ming: “(Obama) pointed out that the US’ largest
national security threat comes from network intrusion.
He talked how this has brought a big threat to national
security, including politics, economy, finance, civilian lives.
Though China was not mentioned, in the past few weeks US
media talked about cyber-attacks from one country. China.”
Xia Ming analyzed Obama’s speech about network security,
saying it was like a national mobilization order.
Xia believes the cyber war between China and US has started.
Xia Ming: “Today the US president signed the network
security executive order, I think this is very obvious.
Firstly, they believe network security is the largest challenge
of US national security.
Secondly, obviously this challenge comes from China.
Thirdly, now they want to carry out nationwide coordination
to coordinate the private enterprises and departments at the national level.”
According to reports from The New York Times, the hackers
increasingly use the lack of security to get access to the most important infrastructures in the US.
Department of Homeland Security (DHS) reports, invasions
of the oil’ and power grid’ systems has been happening with “alarming frequency.”
Last year DHS received 198 reports regarding cyber-attacks
towards key US infrastructure systems, with several of those attacks being successful.
Hackers invaded several natural gas pipeline systems in 2012,
and stole data to “facilitate remote unauthorized operation.”
Xia Ming believes that the US needs to collect cyber-attacks’
data from all the companies, universities and individual users.
This will be used to assess the scale, depth,
and frequency of the cyber-attacks from China.
In addition to strengthen its defense,
the US may also take the initiative to attack.
Xia Ming: “Various departments, especially the Department
of Defense are recruiting hackers on a grand scale, who will carry out work on network security.
Because the US has the world’s best creative talents,
I think the US will also take appropriate measures to fight back against China, and even attack.
Especially the firewall of China,
the US will not passively allow China to attack.
I think the US will probably coordinate actions, and attack
the infrastructures which are used against network openness and freedom in China.”
Xia Ming said. the US government has been helping develop
breakthrough firewall software, including “Freegate”.
Xia believes, if China and the US start this game, they need
to let the other believe they own higher technical capabilities.
The US must show it’s strength in network battles,
and cannot lose to China.
