【新唐人2012年12月24日訊】中共新總書記習近平從前任胡錦濤手中，接掌中央軍委之後，首次出招治理軍隊。最近，他以軍委主席身份對軍方高層發出所謂的「十大禁令」。其中要求軍頭下部隊輕車從簡、嚴禁宴請、喝酒等。習近平更藉機加強對軍隊言論的控制。報導說，「十大禁令」間接反映習近平不滿前任的江澤民和胡錦濤治軍不當，導致軍中腐敗日益嚴重，想藉由治軍來「立威」。但中共軍隊的腐敗會因此改善嗎﹖下面來聽聽專家的分析。
中共中央軍委最近對軍方高層發出的「十大禁令」，全稱為「中央軍委加強自身作風建設十項規定」。
規定重申，「軍頭出行」要簡化迎來送往、嚴控警車開道、禁止私下出席慶祝會、紀念會、表彰會等﹔禁止參加接見照相、頒獎、剪綵、奠基、揭幕等活動﹔禁止發賀信、賀電﹔不題詞、題字﹔禁止個人發表涉及重大敏感問題的講話和文章﹔還有，除中央和軍委統一安排外，個人不公開出版著作等。
其中禁止題詞、題字的禁令，被指為影射江澤民。
而對軍頭下基層，則列了12個「不」字：不張貼懸掛標語口號，不插彩旗，不修建參觀臺，不組織官兵列隊迎送，不鋪設迎賓地毯，不擺放花草，不組織專場文藝演出，不安排宴請，不喝酒，不上高檔菜餚，不送紀念品，不安排住地方賓館，住招待所不增配高檔生活用品。
據報導，這是中共軍方高層第一次宣告「禁酒」。
這「十大禁令」與政治局會議首次出臺的「八項規定」，似乎大同小異，但更為具體詳盡。旅美「哥倫比亞大學」政治學博士王軍濤表示，「十大禁令」是習近平告別江澤民和胡錦濤時代那種講假話、大話、和空話的花架子作風。
旅美「哥倫比亞大學」政治學博士王軍濤﹕「第一點就是說，他們想和歷史劃清界線，那是因為他們抓不了大事，只好抓小事，大事就是我們講的臨政的改革、平反六四、調查對各種各樣的政治迫害案，像法輪功、民主黨的迫害案，這事不能做。第二，他們在這種小破事上提的要求，又顯得小兒科﹗是那種連小學輔導員對小學生都不會提的。」
《規定》最後明訂軍隊「決不謀私利，絕不搞特權」，要求軍委帶頭反腐敗，以身作則，嚴格執行住房、車輛配備等規定﹔嚴格管好配偶、子女和身邊工作人員，不接受禮品、禮金和有價證券﹔公道選人用人，不插手下級官員任用，堅決抵制跑官要官﹔不插手干預工程建設、裝備採購、軍用土地處置等事項。
但，政治評論家文昭表示，大陸的軍隊，相較於其他系統封閉性更強，內部具體的腐敗情況，外面只能靠耳聞傳說。而且軍隊可以用「軍事機密」加以掩蓋，可以通過軍事法庭獨立審判，因此社會對軍隊的了解比較少。
政治評論家文昭﹕「他（軍隊官員）搞一些基建項目、土地審批，就是通過這些項目來收受賄賂。還有就是利用一些軍事運輸工具，比方說…這個事情在90年代就是存在的，就是，比如說在海軍，搞一些演習，畫定一些演習區域，然後利用軍方船只走私一些高檔汽車、手錶、名牌服裝。再比如說，軍隊裡面中基層的官員，利用倒賣戰備物資等等這種方式來獲取利益。」
文昭還提出，軍隊的這十大禁令，並沒有提到一旦違反時會如何處理﹖因此文昭認為，很難預期這些規定會有持久的約束力，可能在風頭上抓一抓，過一段時間以後又會恢復到原來那樣子﹗
採訪/梁欣 編輯/周平 後製/君卓
Xi Jinping’s “Ten Prohibitions” for the Military
The new Chinese Communist Party (CCP) secretary general
Xi Jinping made moves in the military administration, after succeeding Hu Jintao as the new military leader too.
Recently, Xi released the so-called “Ten Prohibitions”
towards the high military commanders
In his order, Xi required them to refrain from costly actions
at troop inspection, and bans luxury receptions and liquor.
In addition, Xi attempts to strengthen the control
over speeches, given in the army.
Reports remarked that the prohibitions indirectly reflect
Xi’s dissatisfaction with the increasingly serious corruption problem in the military under Jiang and Hu’s ruling.
Therefore he intends to establish his personal authority
by issuing administrative commands.
However, analysts doubt that Xi’s efforts can make
any real improvement.
The CCP’s Central Military Commission (CMC) had issued
“Ten Prohibitions” to the high-level military officers.
The full name of the document is,
“CMC’s Ten Provisions for Behavioral Self-Improvement.”
“Ten Prohibitions” require military heads to cut needless
social activities and strictly control the use of police escort.
It bans attending ceremonies of photographing, awarding,
ribbon-cutting, foundation laying, unveiling, etc.
It also bans issuing congratulatory letters or messages,
writing inscriptions and privately presenting speeches or publishing articles on major sensitive issues.
In addition, nobody is allowed to make personal publications
without permission of CCP’s Central Committee or the CMC.
It is believed that the ban on personal inscriptions
is directed against the ex-leader of China, Jiang Zemin.
Meanwhile, twelve “No’s” are listed in regulating activities,
when military heads inspect troops of primary levels.
They are: No slogan posting; No Buntings;
No construction of visiting stations;
No welcome or farewell protocol’ parades;
No welcome rugs; No flower decorations;
No special art performances; No reception banquets
and liquor; No luxurious food service;
No gift giving; No accommodation in local hotels;
No high-end living supplies in lodging rooms.
It is reported that this is the first ban on liquor
against CCP’s military heads in its history.
The “Ten Prohibitions” look similar to the “Eight Provisions”
issued by the CCP’s new politburo, but with more details.
Dr. Wang Juntao, political scientist at Columbia University,
spoke about the “Ten Prohibitions.”
Dr. Wang remarked that Xi released them as a farewell
to the hollow show-off manner with big and empty talks,
that spread widely under Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao’s rule.
Dr. Wang Juntao (political scientist, Columbia University):
”First of all, they (Xi Jinping and followers) intend to draw a clear line between the previous leaders and themselves.
Since they don’t want to touch big issues,
they have to deal with small ones instead.
What I call big issues” refers to political reform,
rehabilitation of the June Fourth Incident victims,
investigating unjust political persecutions like those
against Falun Gong practitioners and dissidents.
They don’t want to touch these big problems.
On the other hand, their requirements on those small
issues like mannerism look just so naïve.”
At its end, the “Ten Prohibitions” requires the army
to never “act to benefit itself,” or “to pursue privileges.”
Specifically, the military leaders are required to “become
examples of anti-corruption,” “strictly abide by rules in housing and car allocation,”
“refuse presents, cash gifts and securities,” “be fair in
personnel arrangement,” “never interfere with appointment of lower-level officials,”
“reject trade of official positions,” “never interfere with
construction projects, equipment purchases and land disposal,” among others.
However, political commentator Wen Zhao thinks
that China’s army is even more secretive.
Its internal corruption can only be known by the public
through rumors.
Furthermore, the army has the cover of “military secrets,”
and can have independent trials in military courts.
Overall speaking, the public knows very little
about the military.
Wen Zhao (political commentator): “Military officials can
accept bribes via infrastructural projects or land approvals.
They can also make profits by military means
of transportation which can be traced back to the 1990’s.
For instance, the Navy can cordon off an area for ‘practicing’
and use military vessels to smuggle luxury cars, goods, etc.
Another example is, top army officials can make money
with their political connections, or war assets, etc.”
Wen Zhao further remarked that the “Ten Prohibitions”
do not mention how will the violators be punished.
Thus he believes the effect of new bans won’t be for long,
and the old habits would be back soon after.
