【新唐人2012年11月27日訊】25號，中國大陸有近112萬人參加了「國家公務員」考試，創下了歷史新高。無疑，在巨大的就業壓力下，「公務員」這一特殊職業以穩定的工作、可預期的福利待遇和特權，吸引了越來越多的人前來競考。今年最熱職位的報考比例甚至達到。而這一火爆現象，在美國等其他國家卻看不到。
大陸媒體報導，2013年中央機關及直屬機構計劃錄用公務員兩萬多人，總共有138萬3千名考生通過資格審查。其中有109個職位的報名比例超過1000名錄取1人，競爭最激烈職位的報名比例甚至高達9411名錄取1人。25號進行的是《行政職業能力測驗》和《申論》兩門公共科目的筆試，共有111萬7千人參加了筆試，比去年增加15萬人，創下歷史新高。
上海公民許正清向《新唐人》表示，目前中國大陸經濟形勢不好，很多大學生畢業後找不到工作，或者工作不穩定。
上海公民許正清：「公務員工作以前一直被稱為鐵飯碗，工資高、待遇好、各方麵條件都比一般的工作穩定。考進公務員，他就覺得以後會有陞遷的機會。」
許正清談到，在當今中國大陸，陞遷意味著手中會握有權力，有權力就會有錢，包括各種灰色收入。而且，一旦有了特權，官員的親朋好友都會從中受益，這也是考生報考公務員的動力之一。
時事評論員藍述也指出，報考公務員熱的根本原因在於中國大陸的社會制度。
藍述：「一黨專政的體制下，政府公務員實際上基本是作為黨的分支機構而存在的。所以他是擁有相當大的特權的。」
藍述表示，這種公務員報考熱在美國是看不到的，即使是2008年全球金融危機時期也看不到這種景象。
藍述：「在西方，公務人員就是一個職業，它是沒有特權的。它跟其他的職業是一樣的。你在私營企業做工，或者是在公家機關裡做工，只不過是不同的職業而已。它並沒有多少的特權。」
藍述談到，在美國，一般來說，最優秀的人才往往首先選擇經商。很多從政的人都是在商業上取得成功之後，才轉而從政施展自己的理念，同時為公眾服務。比如著名影星、前加州州長施瓦辛格，從政後年薪只有一美元。
報導說，競考公務員的多數都是大學畢業生，有的班級甚至三分之二的學生都選擇報考公務員。而因為中國高等教育的大規模擴張政策，2013年全國大學畢業生將比今年再增加19萬，達到699萬人。屆時大學生就業將更加困難，也許明年的公務員報考會再破記錄。
那麼，對於大學生來說，在公務員考試中到底又有多少機會呢？
許正清：「很多人就是靠走後門、拉關係，早就內定下來了。考試只不過是一個表面現象。私底下的權錢交易都是存在的，很多被錄取的公務員，你去查一下他的家庭背景，都是一些有權有勢的。」
許正清談到，這裡面還牽扯到一個所謂「政治審查」的問題，對於沒權沒勢的普通老百姓來說，根本就不可能通過「政審」。
採訪/劉惠 編輯/李謙 後製/蕭宇
9411:1, Acceptance Rate for China’s Hottest Civil Service Job
On November 25, a record-high nearly 1.12 million
applicants sat the annual civil service exam in China.
Under huge employment pressure, being a civil servant
means getting a stable job with good welfare benefits.
This year, the acceptance rate for the hottest job is 9411:1.
Such a mania, however, has never been found in the U.S.
China’s media reported that over 1.38 million people had Passed
preliminary selections for 20,000+ civil service jobs for 2013.
Among all vacancies available, the admission rate for 109
jobs is over 1000:1, with 9411:1 standing atop.
1.12 million candidates took the two exams held on
November 25, hitting a record high with an increase of 150,000 from 2011.
Shanghai citizen Xu Zhengqing affirms that due to China’s
weak economy, numerous college graduates are jobless or cannot find a secure job.
Xu Zhengqing: “Civil service is known as a permanent
rice bowl, well paid plus good welfare benefits.
The job is more stable than other jobs generally.
For an ordinary Chinese, admission to the civil service
is equal to having chances of being promoted.”
Xu Zhengqing explains that in today’s China, career
promotion can be vested with authority.
Authority will create money, including gray incomes that
come from a variety of sources.
Moreover, the civil servant’s friends and family can all
benefit from his/her privilege in hand.
This is one of the motives of application for civil service jobs,
according to Xu Zhengqing.
Critic Lan Shu analyzes that the root cause of civil service
applications can be traced to China’s establishment.
Lan Shu: “Working for the regime of one-party dictatorship,
the role of civil servants actually is the Party connection.
That is why they can be invested with considerable
power and privileges when they become civil servants.”
Such a mania for sitting a civil service exam cannot be
found in the U.S., even during the financial crisis of 2008, says Lan Shu.
Lan Shu: “In the West, civil servant is just a common
occupation, not privileged. It’s the same as other jobs in private businesses.”
Lan Shu comments that in the U.S., the most talented
people usually choose to go into business first.
And many renowned politicians actually were formerly
successful businessmen.
They turned to politics to achieve their political ideals and
to serve the community.
Such as former California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger,
who made only $1 in his salary for the position.
Reportedly, the majority of candidates for China’s
civil service are college graduates. Encouraged by
official policy, China’s collegiate-level institutions
have massively expanded campus enrollment.
China’s media report said that in 2013, China will see
6.99 million college graduates, an increase of 190,000 from this year.
Therefore, in 2013, civil service applications
may hit record levels again.
For these college student applicants,
how big is their hope for civil service admission?
Xu Zhengqing: “The final admission list is actually pre-arranged,
through pull or influence. Exam is a mere formality.
Under-the-table deals have always existed. In reality,
lots of those accepted applicants have powerful families.”
Xu Zhengqing adds that political screening for loyalty
to the CCP is a part of civil servant selection process.
Therefore, it is impossible for an ordinary citizen to be
able to pass through this screening, says Xu
